重点中学英语语法讲义-连词

10. not only…but also…的用法

其意为“不但…而且…”：

Not only men but also women were chosen. 选中的不仅有男的也有女的。

He not only read the book, but also remembered what he read. 他不仅读过这本书，而且还记得书中的内容。

【注】该结构中的also有时可省略，或与but分开用，或用too, as well代之(位于句末)：

Not only is he funny, but he is witty too [as well]. 他不但风趣，而且也很机智。

若连接两个成分作主语，其谓语通常与靠近的主语保持一致：

Not only you but also he has to leave. 不只是你，他也得离开。

11. 涉及并列连词and和but的典型试题

请做以下各组试题，注意其中有无and和but所导致所选答案的变化：

It ______ fine, we went out for a walk. (选C)

It ______ fine, and we went out for a walk.(选A)

A. was                      B. is                         C. being                    D. were

There I saw five people, the teacher _______.(选A)

There I saw five people, and the teacher _______.(选B)

A. included               B. was included         C. including              D. was including

He bought a lot of books, most of _______ are about agriculture.(选D)

He bought a lot of books, and most of _______ are about agriculture.(选A)

A. them                    B. books                   C. his                       D. which

He wrote a lot of book, none of _______ were popular. (选D)

He wrote a lot of book, but none of _______ were popular.(选A)

A. them                    B. books                   C. his                       D. which

三、从属连词的用法

1. 引导时间状语从句的从属连词

(1) 表示“当…时候”或“每当”的时间连词。主要的 when, while, as, whenever：

He jumped up when the phone rang. 电话铃响时他吓了一跳。

We listened while the teacher read. 老师朗读时我们听着。

The phone rang just as I was leaving. 我正要离开，电话铃就响了起来。

(2) 表示“在…之前(或之后)”的时间连词。主要的有before, after：

Turn the lights off before you leave. 离开前请关灯。

He started the job soon after he left the university. 他大学毕业后就开始做这份工作。

(3) 表示“自从”或“直到”的时间连词。主要的有since, until, till：

He has lived here since he got married. 他结婚后就一直住在这儿。

Most men worked until [till] they’re 65. 大多数男人工作到65岁。

(4) 表示“一…就”的时间连词。主要的有as soon as, the moment, the minute, the second, the instant, immediately, directly, instantly, once, no sooner…than, hardly…when等：

Tell him the news as soon as you see him. 你一见到他就把这消息告诉他。

I recognized her the moment (that) I saw her. 我一看到她就认出她来了。

I want to see him the minute (that) he arrives. 他一到来我就要见他。

I went home directly I had finished work. 我一干完活就回家了。

Once he arrives, we can start. 他一来我们就可以开始。

(5) 表示“上次”、“下次”、“每次”等的时间连词。主要的有every time(每次)，each time(每次)，(the) next time(下次)，any time(随时)，(the) last time(上次)，the first time(第一次)：

Last time I saw him, he looked ill. 上次我见到他的时候，他好像有病。

Next time you’re in London come and visit us. 你下次来伦敦过来探望我们。

Do look me up next time you’re in London. 你下次到伦敦来，一定来找我。

Every time I call on him, he is out. 我每次去访问他，他都不在。

You can call me any time you want to. 你随时都可以给我打电话。

【注】在时间状语从句中，通常要用一般现在时表示将来意义，而不能直接使用将来时态。

2. 引导条件状语从句的从属连词

这类连词主要有if, unless, as [so] long as, in case 等(www.hxen.net)：

If anyone calls tell them I’m not at home. 要是有人打电话来，就说我不在家。

You will fail unless you work hard. 你若不努力就会失败。

As [So] long as you need me, I’ll stay. 只要你需要我，我就留下。

In case I forget, please remind me about it. 万一我忘记，请请醒我一下。