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名师详解语法易错题(02)

2017-09-19来源:和谐英语

 

 

12. “_________ is her husband?” “The man standing by the window, wearing a blue jacket.”

A. Where                 B. How                     C. Which                 D. What

【分析】此题容易误选A,受答句中 by the window 的影响。最佳答案选C,主要由下文的语境而定:“哪个(which)是她的丈夫?”“站在窗子边,穿蓝色夹克衣的那个(人是她的丈夫)。”事实上只要改变上文,其他几个选项是完全可能的:

(1) “_________ is her husband?” “In Room 305, which has a red door.”

A. Where                  B. How                     C. Which                  D. What

答案选A,句意为:“她丈夫在哪?”“在305房间,房间门是红色的。”

(2) “_________ is her husband today?” “Much better now. Thank you for coming to see him.”

A. Where                  B. How                     C. Which                  D. What

答案选B,句意为:“她丈夫今天怎么样?”“好多了,谢谢你来看他。”

(3) “_________ is her husband?” “A teacher, an excellent teacher respected by students.”

A. Where                  B. How                     C. Which                  D. What

答案选D,句意为:“她丈夫是干什么的?”“当老师的,是一位备受学生尊重的好老师。”

 

13. Dear me! Just _________ at the time! I _________ no idea it was so late.

A. look, have           B. looking, had        C. look, had             D. looking, have

【分析】此题容易误选D,认为第一空用现在分词表伴随,第二空填 have 的一般现在时,以保持与前面时态的一致性。其实,此题应选C,第一空应填 look, 因为这是祈使句的谓语;第二空应填 had,因为前一句说“看看时间吧”,这一看当然知道了现在很迟的情形,“不知道这么迟了”显然应是“过去”的事,故应用一般过去时态,许多同学由于忽略这一隐含的语境而误选。正确答案选C。

 

14. “The light in the office is still on.” “Oh, I forgot _________.”

A. turning it off       B. turn it off            C. to turn it off        D. having turned if off

动词 forget 后接动词时,可用不定式,也可用动名词,但含义不同:接不定式,表示动作尚未发生;接动名词,表示动作已发生。此题从上文语境看,“办公室的灯还是亮着的”,说明“关灯”的动作尚未发生,故应选C答案。有的同学由于没有真正弄清上文的语境而误选了A或D。

 

15. “Please don’t make a noise.” “_________. I’ll be as quiet as a mouse.”

A. Yes, I do             B. No, I don’t           C. Yes, I will            D. No, I won’t

有的同学由于受前一句don’t 的影响,认为下文的答句应选A或B,这些同学主要是忽略了上文的真实语境:上文是一个祈使句,而祈使句表示的时间应是“将来”,这从空格后的 I’ll be … 这个将来时态也可看出。另外,从 I’ll be as quiet as a mouse 这一语境来看,此题的最佳答案应选D而不选C。No, I won’t. 为 No, I won’t make any noise 之省略。请再看几例(答案均选B):

(1) “Don’t forget to come to my birthday party tomorrow.” “_________.”

A. I don’t                 B. I won’t                 C. I can’t                  D. I haven’t

(2) “Write to me when you get there.” “_________.”

A. I must                  B. I will                    C. I can                    D. I should

(3) “Never tell him about it.” “ _________.”

A. Yes, I don’t          B. No, I won’t          C. Yes, I won’t         D. No, I haven’t

顺便说一句,由于祈使句表示的时间属“将来”,所以当祈使句后接一个反意疑问句时,可用 will you 之类的:

Be quiet, will you? 请安静,好吗?

Please come over, will [won’t] you? 请过来,好吗?

Don’t forget to phone me, will you? 别忘了给我打电话,好吗?

肯定的祈使句后,可用 will you 或 won’t you 等,但否定的祈使句后,要用 will you,而不能用 won’t you。