初级英语语法重点、考点与难点(17)
3. 如何区分as, when, while
I kept silent ______ he was speaking.
A. as B. when C. while D. that
此题应选C。关于as, when, while 表示“当……的时候”的区别, 可作如下归纳:
1. 若主句表示的是一个短暂性动作, 而从句表示的是一个持续性动作, 则三者均可用:
He fell asleep when [while, as] he was reading. 他看书时睡着了。
2. 若主从句表示两个同时进行的持续性动作, 且强调主句表示的动作延续到从句所指的整个时间, 一般只用while:
While he played the piano, I cooked the dinner. 他弹钢琴时, 我做了饭。
3. 若主从句动作同时发生, 且强调“一边……一边”这样的意思, 一般要用as:
She sang as she went along. 她边走边唱。
4. 若从句是一个短暂性动作, 而主句是一个持续性动作, 可用 as / when, 但不能用 while:
When [As] he came, I was listening to the radio.
他来时, 我在听收音机。
5. 若主从句表示的是两个同时发生的短暂性动作, 一般用as(也可用when):
I thought of it just as [when] you opened yourmouth. 就在你要说话的时候, 我也想到了。
6. 表示“每当……的时候”(强调规律性);或主从句动作不是同时发生, 而是有先后顺序, 一般都用when:
It’s cold when it snows. 下雪时天冷。
I’ll go when he comes back. 他回来时, 我就走。
4. 关于hardly...when及no soooner...than
He had hardly arrived at the station ______ the train began to leave.
A. when B. that C. than D. where
此题要选A。容易误选C。以下两类句型意思和用法大致相同, 但搭配不同:
a. hardly...when...
b. no sooner...than...
以上句型需注意以下几点:
(1) 两个句型均指“一……就……”, 句型a中的hardly也可换成scarcely, barely;其中的when也可换成before。但是, 千万不要将句型a中的when与句型b中的than弄混。
(2) 以上两类句型的主句通常是过去完成时, 而从句通常应是一般过去时。
(3) 若将hardly, no sooner置于句首, 其后要倒装句式。
1. I had hardly closed my eyes ____ the telephonerang.
A. when B. that C. than D. where
2. Hardly had we arrived ____ it started to rain.
A. when B. that C. than D. where
3. He had no sooner heard the knock ____he opened
the door.
A. when B. that C. than D. where
4. No sooner had he done it _____ he knew he hadmade a mistake.
A. when B. that C. than D. where
答案:1. A 2. A 3. C 4. C
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