中考英语语法完全突破——数词
考点3 考查用英语表示分数的用法
用英语表示分数的方法是:先说分子,后说分母;分子用基数词,分母用序数词;当分子超过“一”时,分母用复数形式。如“三分之二”可表示为 two thirds (可理解为“两个三分之一”)。但是有些分数的表示比较其特别,如“二分之一”通常说成a (one) half,“四分之一”通常说成 a quarter。
【考例】________ of the students in our class ________ money to the disabled people these days. (贵州安顺中考题)
A. Two third, have raised B. Two thirds, has raised
C. Two three, have raised D. Two thirds, have raised
【分析】答案选D。“三分之二”的分子是“二”,用基数词two表示;分母是“三”,用序数词third表示,由于分子大于一,故表示分母的third要用复数,即可排除A和C;又因为一个班三分之二的学生肯定不只一个,故谓语动词要用复数,即选D不选B。
考点4 考查hundred, thousand, million单复数用法
当hundred, thousand, million与数词连用表示具体数量时,它们既不用复数形式,后接名词时也不用介词of。如:
Can you lend me a hundred dollars? 你可否借给我一百美金?
This theatre holds a thousand persons. 这家剧院能容纳一千人。
The sun is 92 million miles away. 太阳离这里有九千二百万英里。
但是,若泛指数百、数千、数百万等,则用 hundreds of, thousands of, millions of 等这样的结构。如:
Hundreds of people attended the meeting. 有几百人参加了会议。
They received millions of letters asking for information. 他们收到了无数的咨询信件。
Men have been making music for thousands of years. 人类创作音乐已有数千年历史。
【考例1】More than two ________ years ago, people knew little about the universe. (辽宁锦州中考题)
A. thousands B. thousand C. thousand of D. thousands of
【分析】答案选B。与具体数字连用时,thousand不用加词尾-s,其后也不用介词of。
【考例2】Enshi is becoming a tourist city. ________ people come here during the holidays every year. (湖北恩施中考题)
A. Thousand of B. Thousands of C. Five thousands of D. Five thousands
【分析】答案选B。与具体数字连用时,thousand不用加词尾-s,其后也不用介词of,故可排除C和D。但表示不确定的“数千”“数以千计”时,则不仅要加词尾-s,而且要后接介词of,故只能选B,不能选A。
考点5 考查带有数词的复合形容词中名词的数
根据英语习惯,在“数词+名词”“数词+名词+名词”“数词+名词+形容词”这类复合形容词中,其中的名词只用单数形式,不用复数形式。如:
a two-mile walk两英里的步行
a six-inch ruler六英寸长的尺子
a two-hour exam. 一次两小时的考试
a five-day week 一周五个工作日
a five-year-old boy 一个五岁的男孩
an eighteen-month-old baby 一个18个月大的婴儿
a five-hundred-meter rope 一根
【考例1】Each of us has to write a ________ report every two weeks. (广州中考题)
A. two-hundred-word B. two-hundreds-word
C. two-hundreds-words D. two-hundred-words
【分析】答案选A。带有数词的复合形容词中,数词后的名词要用单数。又如:She has a ten-year-old son. 她有个10岁的儿子。He wrote a five-hundred-word letter to me. 他给写了一封500字的信给我。
【考例2】A new study proves a ________ walk every day is enough to keep people away from becoming fat. (哈尔滨中考题)
A. 30-minute B. 30 minute’s C. 30-minutes D. 30 minute
【分析】答案选A。按英语习惯,在带有数词的复合形容词中,数词后的名词要用单数,所以不能选C;另外,这类结构中的连字符原则上不能省略。
- 上一篇
- 下一篇