这些句子用错了介词

这些句子用错了介词

错用介词的情况比较复杂，可能是受汉语意思的影响而出错，也可能是因弄不清搭配关系而出错，可能是混淆用法而出错，也可能是受相关结构的影响而出错，可能是忽略语境而出错，也可能是想当然地用错。如：

(1) 她昨天去了他的办公室拜访。

误：She called on his office yesterday.

正：She called at his office yesterday.

析：call 表示“拜访”时，要注意分清两种情况。一般说来，表示拜访某人，通常用call on sb，若表示去某地拜访，则通常用 call at a place。顺便说一句，有时可在 call 后加副词 in（即说成 call in on sb 或 call in at a place）。

(2) 他与一位护士订了婚。

误：He is engaged with a nurse.

正：He is engaged to a nurse.

析：be engaged to sb意为“与某人订婚”，注意不要按汉语习惯用介词 with。注：有时也可用 be engaged to do sth，如上面一句也可说成：He is engaged to marry a nurse. / He is engaged to be married to a nurse.

(3) 太阳从东方升起，从西方落下。

误：The sun rises from in the east and sets from the west.

正：The sun rises in the east and sets in the west.

析：汉语说太阳“从”东方升起，实际上是太阳升起“在”东方，故用介词 in。

(4) 在警察的帮助下，我找回了我失去的东西。

误：Under the help of the police, I got back what I had lost.

正：With the help of the police, I got back what I had lost.

析：表示“在某人的帮助下”，英语用 with the help of sb，不要按汉语习惯用介词 under。

(5) 他在日本期间，参观过许多地方。

误：During he was in Japan, he visited many places.

正：During his stay in Japan, he visited many places.

正：While he was in Japan, he visited many places.

析：during是介词，不是连词，所以不用来引导句子。

(6) 吃点水果吧。

误：Help yourself with the fruit.

正：Help yourself to the fruit.

析：help oneself to sth 是口语中常用表达，意为“自行取用”或“随意使用”，注意其中用介词 to，不能用 with。

(7) 我们了解他的性格。

误：We are familiar to his character.

正：We are familiar with his character.(www.hxen.net)

析：familiar(熟悉的)有以下两类用法须注意：一是表示某人熟悉某事物，此时通常只用作表语，且在其后连用介词 with； 二是表示某事物为某人所熟悉，此时可用作表语或定语，其后通常连用介词 to。比较：We are familiar with the saying. 我们熟悉这条格言。The saying is familiar to us. 这条格言我们熟悉。