短语介词与介词短语

短语介词与介词短语

一、短语介词

短语介词即由短语构成的介词，或更通俗地说，就是指以短语形式呈现的介词，如according to, because of, in spite of, next to, in front of, ahead of, on behalf of, with reference to等。如：

The allocation must be made according to a strict set of criteria.  必须按照一套严格的标准进行分配。

The lights were not working because of a short circuit.  因为短路，电灯不亮了。

In spite of her worries, she passed the exam with flying colours.  尽管她有些担忧，但还是以优异成绩通过了考试。

He stole a sidelong glance at the young woman sitting next to him on the train.  在火车上他偷偷地瞟了一眼坐在身旁的年轻女子。

Put your hand in front of your right lens and just look through your left lens.  把你的手放在右边的镜片前，只用左边的镜片看。

The overall performance rating puts the new model well ahead of its main rivals.  这个新模型的总体性能评定远远高于其它主要竞争对手。

I speak on behalf of many thousands of women.  我代表成千上万的女性发言。

I am writing with reference to your job application.  关于您申请工作一事，现特函回复。

二、介词短语

介词短语是指由介词后接宾语构成的短语，如at the age of 18, under the fence, for the trip, with the bank, without oxygen, in the distance, along a rocky road等。如：

He left school at the age of 18.  他18岁时离开了学校。

Rabbits had burrowed under the fence.  兔子在栅栏下面挖洞。

Arrangements for the trip have now been completed.  旅行前的准备工作都已经做好。

The company has a special arrangement with the bank.  这家公司和银行有特定的协议。

The climbers made their ascent of the mountain without oxygen.  登山者在没有氧气的情况下登山。

I was just able to make out a dark figure in the distance.  我只能看到远处有个黑影。

A back tyre blew after half an hour tearing along a rocky road.  在石头路上狂奔半个小时后，一个后轮胎爆了。

三、小结

短语介词仍是介词，介词短语乃是短语；

短语介词是以短语形式呈现的介词，介词短语是指以介词开头的短语；

according to 是短语介词，但according to the weather report 则是介词短语；

because of是短语介词，但because of his age则是介词短语；

in spite of是短语介词，但 in spite of the rain 则是介词短语；

next to是短语介词，但 next to the shop 则是介词短语。