英语常用介词用法与辨析
■表示好像或当作的介词:like, as
1. like表示“像……一样”,其实不是。如:
Peter the Great, like his country, was strong and proud. 彼得大帝像他的国家一样强健和自豪。
2. as表示“作为,以……身份”,其实也是。如:
He talked to me as a father. 他以父亲的身份跟我谈话。
注:as作连词时,可表示“好像……”。如:
The work is not so difficult as you imagine. 这工作不像你想像的那么困难。
■表示支持或反对的介词:against, for
against反对,for支持,互为反义词。如:
Are you for my idea or against it? 你赞同还是反对我的想法?
■表示除某人某物外的介词:besides, except
1. besides是包括后面所提人或物在内的“除……外,还”。如:
Thirty students went to the cinema besides him. 除他以外,还有30个学生去看了电影。(他和另外30人都去了)
He is interested in tennis besides(=as well as)football. 除了足球,他还对网球感兴趣。
2. except是指不包括后面所提人或物在内的“除去”。如(from www.hxen.net):
Everyone is excited except me. 除我以外的每个人都很激动。(他们激动,而我却不激动)
All the visitors are Japanese except him. 除他以外的所有游客都是日本人。(其他人是日本人,可他不是)
注意:(A) except通常与表示全体的all, every连用;若与other连用,只能用besides。如:He had other people to take care of besides me. 除我之外,他还要照顾别人。
(B) except是排除同类;而except for是排除非同类,常在说明基本情况后,从细节上加上修正。如:
The composition is very good except for a few spelling mistakes. 除了几处拼写错误之外,这篇作文整体还是不错的。(作文与拼写错误是非同类的)
但except for 有时也可代替 except,特别是在句首时,因为 except 是不能用于句首的。如:
Except for George, you can all go. 除乔治外,你们都可以去。