英语中七种常见目的状语

六、用in case表目的　　

in case用于引导目的状语从句时，意思是“以防”“以免”。如：　　

He took his umbrella in case it should rain. 他带上了雨伞，以防下雨。　　

You’d better take the keys in case I’m out. 你最好带上钥匙，以防我不在家。　　

Listen out for the baby in case she wakes up. 注意听宝宝的动静，她醒来好知道。　　

in case 引导的目的状语从句有时也可位于主句之前。如：　　

In case anyone was following me, I made an elaborate detour. 为了防止有人跟踪我，我特地绕了弯路。　　

注：也有人认为这样用的in case 从句为原因状语从句，意思是“因为怕……”。比较：　　

I had a snack, just in case there was no time to eat later. 我吃了些点心，以防过会儿没有时间吃饭。（将in case译成“以防”，将之视为目的状语从句）　　

I had a snack, just in case there was no time to eat later. 我吃了些点心，因为怕过会儿没有时间吃饭。（将in case译成“因为怕”，将之视为原因状语从句）　　

Here's a contact number, in case there should be a problem. 这是联系电话，以防有问题出现。（将in case译成“以防”，将之视为目的状语从句）　　

Here's a contact number, in case there should be a problem. 这是联系电话，因为怕有问题出现。（将in case译成“因为怕”，将之视为原因状语从句）　　

七、用for fear (that) 表目的　　

for fear that 用于引导目的状语从句时，与 in case 大致同义，意思是“以防”“以免”。如：　　

He’s working hard for fear (that) he should fail. 他在努力工作唯恐他会失败。　　

She finally ran away for fear that he would kill her. 她最后逃走了，因为怕被他杀了。　　

Scientists reject a total ban for fear it will undermine efforts to stop the spread of malaria. 科学家们反对全面禁止，以免削弱为防止疟疾扩散所作的努力。　　

注：与in case一样，for fear that 引导的从句有时也被理解为原因状语从句，并将其翻译为“因为怕……”。比较：　　

Shut the window for fear that it may rain. 把窗子关上以防下雨。（将for fear that 译成“以防”，将之视为目的状语从句）　　

Shut the window for fear that it may rain. 把窗子关上，因为怕下雨。（将for fear that 译成“因为怕”，将之视为原因状语从句）