做非谓语动词考题的常用技巧

例3  If he takes on this work, he will have no choice but ______ an even greater challenge. (陕西卷)

A. meets                B. meeting              C. meet                D. to meet

解析：答案为D。have no choice but to do sth 为英语固定句式，意为“除了做某事外别无选择；只好做某事”，其中的不定式不可改为其他形式。又如：For the above reasons, the management has no choice but to close the factory. 基于上述原因，管理层没有办法，只好关闭工厂。

例4  As Jack left his membership card at home, he wasn’t allowed _______ into the sports club. (上海卷)

A. going              B. to go             C. go                D. gone

解析：答案为B。考查allow sb to do sth（允许某人做某事）句式，此题属该句式的被动式，表示“被允许做某事”。又如：Exam candidates are not allowed to use advanced calculators with database capability. 考生不得使用有数据库功能的高级计算器。

例5  When Peter speaks in public, he always has trouble ______ the right things to say. (上海卷)

A. thinking of           B. to think of            C. thought of            D. think of

解析：答案为A。考查 have trouble doing sth（做某事有困难）的用法，其中的 doing sth 习惯上不能改为不定式或过去分词，但可在 doing sth 前加上介词 in（加上介词 in 后，doing 为动名词）。又如：No, I don’t know his number—I have quite enough trouble remembering my own. 不，我不知道他的号码，我光记自己的号码就够困难的了。

3. 根据句子语境确定

例1  Tony lent me the money, _______ that I’d do as much for him. (全国卷II)

A. hoping                 B. to hope                C. hoped                  D. having hoped

解析：答案为A。根据句子语境以及选项动词hope的意思可知，空格处所填之词在此表伴随，而英语中表示伴随的非谓语动词通常就是现在分词，故选hoping。句意为：托尼把钱借给了我，希望我能尽力为他工作。又如：She rushed past the policeman, hoping he wouldn’t ask what she had in her suitcase. 她赶紧从警察身边走过去，希望他不会问起手提箱里有什么。

例2  He got up late and hurried to his office, ______ the breakfast untouched. (天津卷)

A. left                      B. to leave                C. leaving                 D. having left

解析：答案为C。根据句子语境以及选项动词leave的意思可知，空格处所填之词在此表结果，而英语中表示结果的非谓语动词通常就是现在分词，故选leaving。又如：A man rushed past and jogged her elbow, making her drop the bag. 一个男人从她身边匆匆走过，轻轻碰了一下她的肘部，结果她的袋子掉了。

例3  Tom took a taxi to the airport, only ______ his plane high up in the sky. (四川卷)

A. finding          B. to find          C. being found      D. to have found

解析：答案为B。根据句子语境以及选项动词find的意思可知，空格处所填之词在此表结果，而且是表示令人感到意外的结果（尤其注意空格前的副词only）。根据英语语法，表示意外的结果，通常用only to do sth，故选B。又如：He raced through the living room, only to find the front door closed. 他飞快地跑过起居室，却发现前门锁上了。