because的语法与用法
because的语法与用法
1. 表示原因,语气较强,可用来回答 why 提出的问题。如:
A:Why do you love her? 你为什么爱她?
B:Because she is kind. 因为很善良。
2. because 除经常用于引导原因状语从句外,还可引出表语从句或用于强调句等。如:
It is because you’re eating too much. 那是因为你吃得太多了。
It was because I wanted to buy a dictionary that I went to town yesterday. 我昨天是由于想买本字典而进城的。
3. 汉语说“因为……所以……”,但英语却不能用 because…so…这样的结构。如:
因为我病了半年,所以把工作丢了。
误:Because I was ill for six months, so I lost my job.
正:Because I was ill for six months, I lost my job.
正:I was ill for six months, so I lost my job.
4. 汉语说“之所以……是因为……”,英语可以类似以下这样的句型(用that比用 because普通)。如:
The reason (why) I’m late is that [because] I missed the bus. 我迟到的原因是因为我没有赶上公共汽车。
传统语法认为这类句型不能用 because, 但在现代英语中用because 的情形已很普遍。
5. 在not…because…这一结构中,not 有时否定主句,有时否定从句,具体视语境而定。一般说来,若 not 否定主句,最好在because 之前用逗号,否则会引起歧义,如下句在没有特定上下文时就有两种解释:
I didn’t go because I was afraid.
这个句子既可理解为“我没有去是因为怕”,也可理解为“我不是因为怕才去”。但是,如果because之前有副词just修饰,一般认为not是否定从句而不是主句。如:
You shouldn’t get angry just because some people speak ill of you. 你不要因为有人说你坏话而生气。
6. 有时可引导一个句子作主语,此时通常采用just because这样的形式,并且主句谓语动词通常(当然不是一定)为mean。如:
Just because you speak English doesn’t mean you can teach it. 你会说英语并不意味着你能教英语。
Just because you’re old doesn’t mean you have to be idle. 只是因为你年纪大了,这并不意味着你就应该懒散不活动。
Because you have words with your wife is no reason to smash up things. 你和你的妻子吵架并不能成为摔东西的理由。
7. 用于构成复合介词 because of,其后可接名词、代词、 动名词、what 从句(但不能是that从句或没有引导词的从句)等。如:
He is here because of you (that). 他为你(那事)而来这里。
We said nothing about it, because of his wife’s being there. 因为他妻子在那儿,我们对此只字未提。
He left the company because of what the boss said at the meeting. 他离开了这家公司,是因为老板在会上讲的话。
8. because of 通常用来引导状语,而用于不引导表语(引导表语时可用 due to)。如:
误:His absence is because of the rain.
正:His absence is due to the rain. 他因雨未来。
但是,若主语是代词(不是名词),则它引出的短语也可用作表语。如:
It is because of hard work. 那是因为辛苦工作的原因。
It will be because of money. 那将都是因为钱的原因。
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