典型定语从句易错题详析

■ He had thousands of students, many of ______ gained great success in their own field.

A. whom                               B. them

C. which                               D. who

【易错】容易误选 B，用 them 代指 students。

【分析】最佳答案是A，many of whom gained great success in their own field 为非限制性定语从句。假若在many of… 的前面加上连词and，则选答案B。比较以下各题(答案均选A)：

(1) He asked a lot of questions, none of ______ was easy to answer.

A. which                                 B. them

C. what                                   D. that

(2) He asked a lot of questions, and none of ______ was easy to answer.

A. them                                   B. which

C. what                                   D. that

(3) He told me that he had two girl-friends, neither of _______ knew anything about the other.

A. whom                                B. them

C. which                                D. who

(4) He told me that he had two girl-friends, and neither of _______ knew anything about the other.

A. them                                 B. whom

C. which                               D. who

■ He had a lot of friends, only a few of ______ invited to his wedding.

A. whom                               B. them

C. which                               D. who

【易错】容易误选 A，认为这是非限制性定语从句。

【分析】最佳答案是B，这不是非限制性定语从句，而是一个独立主格结构，因为空格后的动词 invited 并不是一个完整的谓语，而是一个过去分词。当然，假若在 invited 前加上助动词 were，则是一个非限制性定语从句，答案便应选A。比较：

(1) They put forward a lot of plans at the meeting, none of _______ carried out in their work.

A. which                                B. them

C. what                                  D. that

答案选B，none of them carried out in their work 是独立主格结构，其中的 carried out 为过去分词。

(2) They put forward a lot of plans at the meeting, none of _______ were carried out in their work.

A. which                                 B. them

C. what                                   D. that

答案选A，none of them were carried out in their work 是非限制性定语从句，注意与上例比较句中多了一个助动词were。

(3) They put forward a lot of plans at the meeting, but none of _______ were carried out in their work.

A. which                                   B. them

C. what                                     D. that

答案选B，由于两句之间增加了一个并列连词but，使得该句成了一个并列句。