名词standard的意义与用法

You'd better lower your standards if you want to find somewhere cheap to live. 要想找个便宜的地方住，你最好降低要求。

It’s hard for others to come up to the very high standards she sets for herself. 其他人很难达到她为自己定出的那么高的标准。

It’s a long report, but it really boils down to a demand for higher safety standards. 这篇报告很长，其实归结起来就是要有更高的安全标准。

Those houses are badly built; they are well below standard [below the necessary standard]. 那些房屋建筑质量很差，远远达不到标准（起码的标准）。

◆这样用时，其后通常接介词of，表示“……的标准或水平”。如：

Standards of education are falling. 教育水平在下降。

The standard of her work is high. 她的工作质量很高。

Mrs Miller had high standards of dress and manners. 米勒太太对衣着和礼仪有很高的要求。

The standard of his work is well below the average of his class. 他的成绩大大低于班上的平均成绩。

The standard of football in the World Cup was rather indifferent. 这次世界杯的足球比赛水准相当底低下。

His work in maths needs to be brought up to the standard of the others. 他的数学功课需要赶上别人的水平。

Complaints about standards of service should be addressed to the proprietor. 对服务态度有意见者可向老板投诉。

It used to be my favourite restaurant but the standard of cooking has fallen off recently. 那是我以前最喜欢的饭馆，但近来烹饪水平已大不如前了。

◆表示根据……标准，通常与介词by搭配如：

It was a simple meal by Eddie's standards. 在埃迪看来，那不过是一顿便饭。

People were very poor then by today’s standards. 以今天的标准而言，那时候的人很穷。

The equipment is slow and heavy by modern standards. 按现代标准，那台设备又慢又笨重。

The performance was good, when judged by their usual standards. 按他们平时的水平衡量，这次演出不错。

Ella was 41 years old, hardly a girl by any standard. 埃拉41岁了，不论以什么标准也很难说是女孩子了。