means的用法与搭配
means的用法与搭配
用作名词,主要表示“方式”“方法”“手段”等,使用时注意以下几点:
1. 单复数同形(永远有词尾-s)。若用作主语,其谓语的数需根据句意来确定。如:
One means is still to be tried. 有一种办法还没有试行。
All means have been used to get him to change his mind. 为了转变他的想法,所有的办法都用过了。
有时用作主语其单复数意思不明,则谓语可用单数或复数。如:
Is [Are] there any other means of doing it? 做这事还有其他的什么办法吗?
The end is good, but the means is [are] bad. 结局是很好,但采取的手段是不好的。
2. 表示做某事的方法,其后通常接“of+(动)名词”。如:
There are several means of transport on the island. 岛上有好几种交通工具。
There is no means of finding out what happened. 无法弄清发生了什么事情。
Taking a plane is the quickest means of getting there. 去那儿最快的办法是坐飞机。
有时也可后接不定式,但不如接 of doing sth 常见。另外有时也可后接 for doing sth, 也不如用 of doing sth 常见。
3. 表示以某种方式、方法或手段,通常用介词 by。如:
This money wasn’t earned by honest means. 这笔钱不是通过正当手段得来的。
He explained to us the means by which he persuaded her to come. 他给我们说明了他是如何说服她来的。
注意以下与介词 by 连用的常用词组:
(1) by means of 意为“依靠”“通过”。如:
We express our thoughts by means of words. 我们用词句来表达思想。
He got into the house by means of an open window. 他从一扇开着的窗户爬进屋去。
(2) by all means 意为“无论如何地”“千方百计地”。如:
This plan must be realized by all means. 这个计划必须千方百计予以实现。
在口语中可以表示“当然可以”。如:
A:May I borrow your paper? 我可以借你的报纸吗?
B:By all means. 当然可以。
(3) by no means 意为“绝不”“一点也不”(用于句首,句子要倒装)。如:
I’m by no means happy about his work. 我对他的工作一点也不满意。
By no means should he be left alone. 绝不能把他单独留下。
有时可说成not by any means。如:
A foreign language isn’t by any means easy to master. 要精通外语绝对不是件简单的事。
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