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形容词与副词易错考题分析

2016-10-18来源:和谐英语

形容词与副词易错考题分析

1. We don’t care if a hunting dog smells _____, but we really don’t want him to smell ____.

A. well, well                                             B. bad, bad

C. well, badly                                           D. badly, bad

【陷阱】容易误选B,认为两个smell 均为连系动词,后接形容词作表语。

【分析】这是1995年的一道上海高考题,最佳答案为D。句中的第一个 smell 为实义动词,意为“闻气味”、“嗅觉”,smell badly 意为“嗅觉差”;第二个 smell 为连系动词,意为“闻起来(有某种气味)”,smell bad 意为“闻起来气味难闻”。全句意为“我们并不介意一条猎狗的嗅觉不好,但我们的确不希望它的气味难闻”。

2. “_____ do you think of your English teacher?” “Oh, he is an _____ man.”

A. What, interesting                                  B. What, interested

C. How, interesting                                   D. How, interested

【陷阱】容易误选D,认为第一空应填 how,表示“如何”;第二空应填 interested,因为有的书上说 –ing 形容词主要说明事物,-ed 形容词主要说明人。

【分析】其实最佳答案应是A。英语中表示汉语的“你觉得……如何?”时,可用How do you like ...? 或 What do you think of ...? 注意两者搭配不同,即 like 与 how 搭配,think of 与 what 搭配。另一方面,有的书认为:-ing形容词说明事,-ed形容词说明人。此说法在很多情况下是可行的,但表述欠严谨。严谨的表述应该是:表示使(别)人感到如何, 用-ing形容词;表示人自己本身感到如何,用-ed形容词。比较:

All the children are interested. 所有的孩子都很感兴趣。

All the children are interesting. 所有的孩子都很有趣。

I read an interested expression on his face. 我看到他脸上露出一种感兴趣的表情。

I read an interesting expression on his face. 我看到他脸上露出一种有趣的表情。

再比较:

He is frightened. 他很害怕。

He is frightening. 他很吓人。

He has a frightened look on his face. 他脸上带有惊恐的神情。

He has a frightening look on his face. 他脸上带有吓人的神情。

3. The operation was successful, but I still felt _____.

A. very painful                                         B. much painful

C. a lot of pain                                          D. very paining

【陷阱】容易误选A,想当然地认为:pain 表示“痛”,其形容词painful自然表示表示“感到疼痛的”。

【分析】其实 painful 的意思并不是“感到疼痛的”,而是表示“使人感到疼痛的”、“使人感到痛苦的”,所以它通常用于说明事物,而不宜用于说明人。比较并体会:

他仍很痛苦。

正:He is still in pain.

误:He’s still painful.

你感到痛吗?

正:Do you feel any pain?

误:Are you painful?

见到你这样生活我很痛心。

正:I am pained to see you living this way.

误:I am painful to see you living this way.

听到他的死讯,我们都很痛苦。

误:We were all painful to hear of his death.

正:We were all pained to hear of his death.

他眼睛痛(www.hxen.net)。

正:He has painful eyes.

误:He’s painful in the eyes.