有关虚拟语气的几点重要说明

有关虚拟语气的几点重要说明

一、错综时间虚拟条件句

所谓错综时间虚拟条件句即条件从句与主句所指时间不一致，如从句指过去，而主句即指的是现在或将来，此时应根据具体的语境情况，结合上面提到的三种基本类型对时态作相应的调整。如：

If you’d listened to me, you wouldn't be in such trouble now. 如果你听了我的话，你现在也不会有这样的麻烦了。

二、含蓄虚拟条件句

所谓含蓄虚拟条件句即指将条件从句隐藏在上下文一定的短语中的一类条件句。如：

To hear him talk，you'd think he was Prime Minister. 听他讲话你会以为他是首相。

Without your help，I couldn't have achieved all this. 要不是有你帮助，我不会取得这些成就。

三、连用虚拟语气的几个固定表达

有三个表示“若不是”、“要不是”的表达，它们总是连用虚拟语气，它们是 but for, if it were not for, if it hadn’t been for。如(from www.hxen.net)：

But for your help we would have been late. 幸亏你帮忙，要不我们就迟到了。

If it weren’t for water, no plant could grow. 要是没有水植物就无法生长。

If it hadn’t been for your help, we wouldn’t have succeeded. 要不是有你帮忙，我们是不会成功的。

四、虚拟语气的省略与倒装

有时可将条件从句的连词 if 省略，而将从句中的were, should, had 等提到句首。如：

Were it not for your help, I wouldn't be doing so well. 若不是你帮忙，我现在不会干得这样好。

Had I been there, I would have asked her the question. 如果我在那里，我就会问她这个问题。