英语时间状语从句的用法及有关说明

英语时间状语从句的用法及有关说明

一、普通类从属连词

引导时间状语从句的普通类从属连词有when（当……时），while（在……期间），as（当……，一边……一边……），before（在……之前），after（在……之后），since（从……以来），till/until（直到），whenever（无论何时），as soon as（一……就）等。如：

When I went into the classroom, he was reading. 当我走进教室时，他正在看书。

He read a newspaper as he went along. 他边走边看报纸。

We must strike while the iron is hot. 我们必须趁热打铁。

I will tell you after they leave. 于他们走后我再告诉你。

I told him to come back whenever he wants to. 我告诉他什么时候想回来就回来。

I waited till/until she was back. 我一直等到她回来(from www.hxen.net)。

Once time is gone, you will never get it back. 时间一旦失去就再也得不到了

注意：在时间状语从句中，不能用一般将来时、过去将来时态或将来完成时，而要用相应的一般现在时态、一般过去时或现在完成时来代替。如：

I’ll telephone you as soon as I get there. 我一到达那里就打电话给你。

She said she would phone me as soon as she got there. 她说她一到达那里就给我电话。

Don’t get off the bus until it has stopped. 等车停稳后才下车。

二、含 time的短语

可引导时间状语从句的 time 短语有every time, each time, (the) next time, (the) last time, by the time, the first time, any time 等。如：

Every time I listen to music, I’ll think of it. 每当我听音乐，我就想起这事。

He didn’t tell me anything the last time I saw him. 上次我见到他时他什么也没告诉我。

Each time she moved her head she let out a moan. 她每转动一下头，就发出一声呻吟。

三、表示“一……就……”

除as soon as外，还有三类：名词型——the moment, the minute, the second, the instant；副词型——immediately, directly, instantly；句式型——no sooner…than…, hardly/scarcely…when…。如：

The moment I saw him I knew that there was no hope. 我一看到他，就知道没有希望了。

I came immediately you called. 你一来电话我就来了。

I had no sooner got home than it began to rain. 我一到家就下起雨来了。

如果hardly, scarcely 或no sooner置于句首，句子必须用倒装结构。如：

Hardly/Scarcely had I got home when it began to rain.

No sooner had I got home than it began to rain.

四、对before从句的理解

before的本意为“在……之前”，根据具体语境还可理解为“还没来得及/还没有……就……，趁着还没……就……，不知不觉就……，……才……”等。如：

I had not sat long before he came back. 我没坐多久他就回来了。

He almost knocked me down before he saw me. 他几乎把我撞倒才看到我。

Before I could get in a word, he measured me. 我还来得及插话，他就给我量好了尺寸。

I’ll water the flowers before it gets dark. 我要趁着天还没黑把花浇好水。

Be a pupil before you become a teacher. 先做学生，后做先生。

Time passed quickly and three months went by before she knew it. 时间过得飞快，她不知不觉就在那里度过了三个月。

I will die before I will betray my country. 我宁可死也不会背叛我的国家。