英语独立主格结构说明
三、使用独立主格结构的注意事项
(1) 当状语从句的主语与主句的主语不是指同一个对象时,可用独立主格结构取代状语从句,但不再保留连词。如:
After class was over (=Class being over/Class over) , the students soon left the classroom. 下课后,学生很快离开了课室。
(2) 在下列两种情况下,独立主格结构中的being(或having been)不能省略:
a. 独立主格的逻辑主语是代词时。如:
It being Sunday, we went to church. 因为是星期天,我们去了做礼拜。
b. 在There being+名词的结构中。如:
There being no bus, we had to go home on foot. 因为没有公共汽车,所以我们不得不步行回家。
(3) 在“名词(或代词)+介词短语”构成的独立主格结构中,一般不用形容词性物主代词和冠词。如:
Miss Smith entered the classroom, book in hand. 史密斯先生走进了课室,手里拿着一本书。
(比较with的复合结构:Miss Smith entered the classroom, with a book in his hand. )
(4) 独立主格结构没有所有格形式。如:
The chief-editor arriving, we began the meeting. 主编来了,我们开始开会。
(比较动名词复合结构:The chief-editor’s arriving made us very surprised. )
(5) 独立主格结构作时间或原因状语时,可用完成时,表示该动作发生在谓语之前。如:
The listeners having taken their seats, the concert began. 听众坐好后,音乐会开始了。
Tom having been late over and over, his boss was very disappointed. 由于汤姆一再迟到,他的老板非常失望。
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