历年GRE考试真题答案及解析(七)

Section 4
28. TARRY::
(A) take action
耽搁
采取行动
[词义]
tarry v. 徘徊, 耽搁
v.
1 a : to delay or be tardy in acting or doing  b : to linger in expectation  : WAIT
2 : to abide or stay in or at a place
n.  : STAY, SOJOURN

29. DESPAIR::
(A) optimize
(B) exult
绝望
乐观;最优化,充分利用
狂喜
[词义]
optimize v. 使完善; 最优化
: to make as perfect, effective, or functional as possible
exult v. 欢腾, 喜悦
1 obsolete   : to leap for joy
2 : to be extremely joyful  : REJOICE  *the team exulted in their victory*
[分析]
despair是"lose all hope or confidence"。optimal是乐观的，但在MW中optimize并没有乐观的含义。Exult只表示愉快的状态。因为此题不完整，很难判断是否答案有误或ETS的考虑欠妥。

30. AGGRANDIZE::
(A) denigrate
增大, 扩张
诽谤
[词义]
aggrandize v. v.增大, 扩张
1 : to make great or greater  : INCREASE, ENLARGE  *aggrandize an estate*
2 : to make appear great or greater  : praise highly
3 : to enhance the power, wealth, position, or reputation of  *exploited the situation to aggrandize himself*
denigrate v. 污蔑, 诽谤
1 : to attack the reputation of  : DEFAME  *denigrate one's opponents*
2 : to deny the importance or validity of  : BELITTLE  *denigrate their achievements*
[分析]
考查aggrandize的第二义。

31. VEXATIOUS::
(A) soothing
令人烦恼的
抚慰的
[词义]
vexatious adj. 烦恼的
1 a : causing vexation  : DISTRESSING  *vexatious delays*  b : intended to harass  *a vexatious lawsuit*
2 : full of disorder or stress  : TROUBLED  *a vexatious period in her life*
soothe v. 抚慰;减轻
transitive verb  
1 : to please by or as if by attention or concern  : PLACATE
2 : RELIEVE, ALLEVIATE  *soothe a cough*
3 : to bring comfort, solace, or reassurance to  *music soothes the soul*
intransitive verb   : to bring peace, composure, or quietude

32. RUMINATE::
(A) think briefly
反刍;沉思
简短的思考
[词义]
ruminate v. 反刍, 深思
transitive verb  
1 : to go over in the mind repeatedly and often casually or slowly
2 : to chew repeatedly for an extended period
intransitive verb  
1 : to chew again what has been chewed slightly and swallowed  : chew the cud
2 : to engage in contemplation  : REFLECT
synonyms see PONDER

33. BELLICOSE::
(A) appease
好斗的
缓和;平息

34. GOAD::
(A) entice
(B) predisposed
刺激,激励v.
怂恿,引诱
预先倾向的;易受影响的
[词义]
goad n. 赶牛棒; v. n. 刺激, 激励
n.
1 a : something that pains as if by pricking  : THORN  b : something that urges or stimulates into action  : SPUR
2 : a pointed rod used to urge on an animal
synonyms see MOTIVE
v.
1 : to incite or rouse as if with a goad
2 : to drive (as cattle) with a goad
entice v. 怂恿,引诱
: to attract artfully or adroitly or by arousing hope or desire  : TEMPT
synonyms see LURE
predispose v. 倾向; 易于
transitive verb  
1 : to dispose in advance  *a good teacher predisposes children to learn*
2 : to make susceptible  *malnutrition predisposes one to disease*
intransitive verb   : to bring about susceptibility
synonyms see INCLINE
[分析]
goad是驱赶别人，而predispose是自身的倾向。