俄罗斯为何反对美建立导弹防御体系？

A ballistic missile defense system stationed in Europe has been a contentious issue between the United States and Russia for many years.

多年来，设在欧洲的弹道导弹防御体系一直是美国和俄罗斯争论不休的问题。

The Bush administration first proposed to deploy 10 missile interceptors in Poland and a radar facility in the Czech Republic. That proposal addressed Iran’s long-range ballistic missile threat. But in September 2009, President Barack Obama canceled the Bush plan, opting for what experts describe as a more flexible approach.

布什政府首先提出在波兰部署10枚拦截导弹，在捷克建立一座雷达设施。这是为了对付伊朗的远程弹道导弹威胁而提出的计划。但是2009年9月，奥巴马总统取消了布什的这项计划，专家认为，这个选择在做法上更为灵活。

Daryl Kimball, head of the Arms Control Association, a private research group, said the Obama system is designed to deal with the missile threat that already exists - the short and medium-range missiles that could come from Iran.

武器控制协会是一个民间研究机构。这个机构的负责人达里尔.金博尔认为，奥巴马的导弹防御体系是为了对付已经存在的导弹威胁，这些威胁可能来自伊朗的短程和中长程导弹。

“They [Iranians] have short-range ballistic missiles that are capable of reaching their immediate neighbors within a couple hundred kilometers of their border," said Kimball. "They have some medium-range missiles that can strike the edges of Europe and Israel - all of these are armed with conventional warheads.”

他说：“伊朗有短程弹道导弹，能射到邻国距离边界两百公里以内的地方。伊朗还有一些中程导弹，能射到欧洲和以色列的边缘，这些导弹都安装了传统的弹头。”

Obama missile-defense plan

The Obama plan involves putting SM-3 ground-based interceptors in Poland by 2015 and in Romania by 2018. These are still being developed.

奥巴马政府计划在2015年之前在波兰，2018年之前在罗马尼亚设立陆基SM-3导弹拦截器。这个计划正在发展阶段。

But Marko Papic, analyst with STRATFOR, a private intelligence firm, said there are SM-3 missiles aboard U.S. Navy ships and those are included in the Obama missile defense plan.

但是民间情报公司STRATFOR的分析师马尔科.帕皮克说，美国海军船舰上载有SM-3导弹，这是在奥巴马的导弹防御计划之内。

“The United States can position wherever the threat is most imminent from," said Papic. "So, for example, the U.S. could steam its vessels into the Baltic Sea or the Mediterranean or the Black Sea and position a counter to potential missile threats from the Middle East or from North Korea from there - which is why the ground-based component of it, it’s not really clear it’s even necessary.”

马尔科.帕皮克说：“美国的导弹能对准来自各方最逼近的威胁。比方说，美国能把船舰开进波罗的海、地中海或黑海，锁定的位置用来反制来自中东或北韩的导弹威胁。这就是为什么美国可能根本不需要地基导弹拦截器。”

For years, Russian officials have criticized the U.S. missile defense plan. They do not believe its goal is to defend against possible missile attacks from rogue countries.

多年来，俄罗斯官员一直批评美国的导弹防御计划。他们不相信这个计划的目的是为了抵御来自流氓国家的可能的导弹攻击。