肯尼亚强制检测HIV设想引争议

"Right now it is not as bad as it used to be," says Wagura. "Things have improved, but still when a person is found to be HIV positive they’re still [exposed to] pockets of stigma and discrimination. I’m wondering now when a person goes for malaria and [is] tested for HIV, whether we have the capacity to handle that. Many cases may resort to suicide."

瓦古拉说：“现在，情况不像过去那么恶劣。形势已经改善了。但仍然会出现这种情况，就是说，当某人被发现是艾滋病毒携带者时，这还是会给他带来一些坏名声和歧视的。我现在想知道的就是，当一个人去看疟疾时被检测出携带艾滋病毒，我们是否有能力来应对这种状况。在许多情况下，被查出的感染者往往采用自杀的方式。”

Wagura says that if the program should take shape, post-test counseling for those who do test positive should also be made available. His organization has called on government officials to provide more access to treatment services for Kenyans living with HIV and AIDS in the past.

瓦古拉还对美国之音说，这项计划应当包括对那些被检测出携带艾滋病毒的人提供检测后的咨询服务。艾滋病毒导致艾滋病，目前世界上对艾滋病还没有有效的疗法。这位肯尼亚妇女艾滋病防治网络负责人呼吁政府向艾滋病毒携带者和艾滋病患者提供更多的治疗服务。

Legal hurdles remain

But fears of mandatory testing in Kenya are premature, as Kenyan law currently bans such practices.

不过，有些人认为肯尼亚实行强制检测措施还为时过早，因为肯尼亚的现行法律禁止这种做法。

According to Dr. Andrew Suleh, National Chairman of the Kenya Medical Association, Kenya’s HIV and AIDS Prevention and Control Act (HAPCA) would have to be amended to allow mandatory testing.

安德鲁.苏莱赫博士是肯尼亚全国医疗协会主席，也是肯尼亚全国艾滋病和性传播感染控制计划各种政策委员会的成员。他说，为允许进行强制性检测，肯尼亚不得不修改艾滋病毒与艾滋病预防和控制法案。而且，肯尼亚的全国艾滋病和性传播感染控制计划不光是要研究强制性检测的问题。

"If somebody has malaria, why would you refuse treatment because you have not tested for HIV?" he says. "It doesn’t make sense."

苏莱赫说：“如果有人得了疟疾，在他没有检测艾滋病毒之前，你凭什么拒绝给人家治疗疟疾。这是说不通的。”

Suleh says Kenya's primary goal should be early testing of citizens. Instead of waiting for someone to voluntarily test themselves once they feel sick, he says, NASCOP can do more to stop the spread of HIV by catching new infections early.

然而，这位主席说，肯尼亚最重要的目标是对其公民宣传早期检测。与其等候某些人患病之后自愿进行检测，肯尼亚全国艾滋病和性传播感染控制计划倒是希望能发现新的感染，以便限制艾滋病毒传播的范围。

One interim solution, he says, would be to strongly encourage HIV testing when offering routine treatments for illnesses such as Malaria while allowing patients to opt out.

苏莱赫说，肯尼亚新方法的起点很可能是在病人接受治疗期间允许他们选择不参加艾滋病毒检测。尽管在治疗疟疾等疾病期间要大力鼓励病人进行艾滋病毒检测，但不会实行严格的强制措施。

Because any new approaches would have to be aligned with Kenyan law, however, the nation's battle with HIV will continue to be waged strictly on a voluntary basis.

然而，任何新方法都必须合乎肯尼亚的法律。在法律问题解决之前，肯尼亚抗击艾滋病毒的战斗仍将完全建立在自愿的基础上。