最实用的翻译策略汉英翻译八条“戒律”

Finding a fish in kitchen was lost, the host swore find out the thief who stole the fish.

尽管汉语中似乎有“厨房”“主人”两个主语，译者果断地选定了“the host”作主语。打点清晰，增强了句子的内聚力。

夏威夷的沙滩上，椰影婆娑，海风习习，一妙龄女郎正躺在白色的塑料椅上养神。

On the Hawaiian sandy beach, the coconut palms are whirling, the congenial sea breeze is blowing, and a young lady is lying in the white plastics chair resting to restore energy.

因为是轻松读本，又是描述性的文字，使用了三个主语“the coconut palms”“the congenial sea breeze”“a young lady”仍是可取的。

五、戒结构单调，组合生硬 “拉郎配”

由于汉英结构不同，表达方式迥异，“硬性翻译”不仅读起来别扭，而且会闹出笑话。这就译者在翻译时灵活使用整合的技巧，将句子整合，凸显汉语中所隐含的层次，补充所缺失的成分。有时将简单句译成并列句，有时将并列句译成主从句。

在纪念大学毕业20周年聚会时，我忽然问起原来的班主任：“我个子又不矮，怎么把我安排在了第一排呢？”

At the reunion party for 20 anniversary of graduation from university, I suddenly asked my former teacher in charge of our class then:" Since I am not of short stature, how did you arrange me at the first row?"

一个高度近视的女博士去擦鞋店擦高统靴，秃头老板亲自蹲下来给她效劳。

When woman doctor who suffers a severe myopic went to shoes-polishing shop for her buskins , the bald boss squatted down to serve her personally.

黑体字部分，正是契合了英语的表达习惯。

 

六、戒“愚忠”，不谙增减之道

我们耳熟能详的东西外国人可能会感到一头雾水，译者需要增加必要的说明和补充或者减译。否则，外国人会不知所云。毕竟，汉译英最终是给外国人看的。

 

例如：风水

fengshui——the location of a house or tomb, supposed to have an influence on the fortune of a family.

例如：（美国对台）“三不政策”

Washington’s “three no’s” policy toward Taiwan——on support for Taiwan independence, no support for a two-China policy, and on support for Taiwan membership in international organizations on the basis of statehood.

忽闻有人在牡丹亭畔长吁短叹。允潜步窥立，乃府中歌姬貂禅也。

In the silence he heard moans and sighs near the Peony Pavilion. Stealing over, he discovered the singing girl, Diaochan.

（罗慕士译《三国演义·王司徒巧施连环计》）

会当凌绝顶，一览众山小。

One day I shall climb

Clear to the summit,

See how small surrounding

Mountain tops appear as they lie below me

（新西兰人路易·艾黎译《杜甫·望岳》）

I can't open my eyes to watch your jumping into the fiery pit, for I will shut my eyes at the time.

我不会眼睁睁看着你往火坑里跳，到时候我会闭上的。

不要嫌我黑，两眼放光辉；不要嫌我瘦，一身好精肉。

Do not Cold-shoulder me for my swarthy(黝黑的) face, but I have a pair of bright piercing(敏锐的) eyes;

Do not Cold-shoulder me for my slight figure, but I’m lean and healthy.

文中“the location of a house or tomb, supposed to have an influence on the fortune of a family.”

“on support for Taiwan independence, no support for a two-China policy, and on support for Taiwan membership in international organizations on the basis of statehood.”“

In the silence”“One day I” “for” “but ”为增译，“府中”为减译，实并入后句。减译手法在“七戒语句重复”中还会提及。