胡锦涛G20金融峰会上的讲话 [双语]

携手合作　同舟共济
——在二十国集团领导人第二次金融峰会上的讲话
（2009年4月2日，英国伦敦）
中华人民共和国主席　胡锦涛

Let Us Join Hands and Tide over Difficulties Together
Remarks by H.E. Hu Jintao
President of the People’s Republic of China
At the Second G20 Financial Summit
London, 2 April 2009
 

尊敬的布朗首相，
各位同事：

The Rt. Hon. Prime Minister Gordon Brown,
Dear Colleagues,

很高兴在春暖花开的时节来到伦敦，同各位同事共商应对国际金融危机、恢复世界经济增长之策。首先，我对布朗首相的盛情邀请和周到安排表示衷心的感谢！

I am pleased to come to London in this balmy spring season and join you in discussing ways to tackle the global financial crisis and restore world economic growth. Let me first of all express sincere thanks to Prime Minister Brown for his kind invitation and thoughtful arrangements.

4个多月前，我们在华盛顿出席金融市场和世界经济峰会，就合作应对国际金融危机、加强金融监管、推进国际金融体系改革等问题达成一系列共识。华盛顿峰会以来，各国纷纷推出稳定金融、刺激经济的政策举措并取得初步成效，国际金融体系改革前期工作正在展开。当前，国际金融危机仍在蔓延和深化，对全球实体经济的冲击日益显现，世界经济金融形势依然复杂严峻，不少国家经济陷入衰退、社会稳定面临巨大挑战。

More than four months ago, we met at the Washington Summit on Financial Markets and World Economy. At that Summit, we reached a series of agreement on working together to counter the global financial crisis, strengthen financial regulation and promote reform of the international financial system. Since then, countries around the world have adopted policies to stabilize the financial sector and stimulate economic growth, which have produced initial results. Preliminary work has begun in reforming the international financial system. The international financial crisis, however, is still spreading and deepening, and its impact on the global real economy is becoming more and more evident. The world economic and financial situation remains complex and grave. Quite a number of countries have slid into economic recession and are confronted with severe challenges in maintaining social stability.

当前，最紧迫的任务是全力恢复世界经济增长，防止其陷入严重衰退；反对各种形式的保护主义，维护开放自由的贸易投资环境；加快推进相关改革，重建国际金融秩序。我们应该进一步落实国际社会达成的共识，树立更坚定的信心，采取更有效的措施，开展更广泛的合作，实施更合理的改革，努力取得实质性成果。

The most pressing task now is to make every effort to restore global economic growth and prevent a serious recession, oppose all forms of protectionism and maintain an open and free environment for trade and investment, speed up reform and reshape the international financial order. We should follow through on the international consensus, enhance confidence, take more effective measures, broaden cooperation, conduct more rational reforms and strive for substantive results.

第一，进一步坚定信心。经过长期发展，世界经济形成了坚实的物质技术基础，我们具备应对国际金融危机的客观条件。各国宏观调控工具明显增多，调控的针对性和有效性大为增强，我们具备应对国际金融危机的政策手段。国际社会愿意加强协调和合作，我们具备应对国际金融危机的共同意愿。只要我们坚定信心、共同努力，就一定能渡过难关，实现我们共同确定的目标。

1. Further strengthen confidence. We have the enabling conditions to tackle the financial crisis: Through years of development, the world economy is on a solid material and technological footing. We have the policy means: Today, we have far more macro regulatory tools at our disposal and our regulatory measures are much more focused and effective than before. And we have the common will: The entire international community has demonstrated readiness to enhance coordination and cooperation. As long as we strengthen confidence and work together, we will tide over the difficulties and achieve our shared goals.

第二，进一步加强合作。这场国际金融危机是在经济全球化深入发展、国与国相互依存日益紧密的大背景下发生的，任何国家都不可能独善其身，合作应对是正确抉择。我们应该认清形势、加强沟通、相互支持、携手合作、共克时艰。我们应该保持宏观经济政策导向总体上的一致性、时效性、前瞻性。作为具有广泛代表性的二十国集团，是国际社会共同应对国际经济金融危机的重要有效平台。我们应该大力开展各项实质性合作，加快结构调整，稳定市场，促进增长，增加就业，改善民生，千方百计减轻国际金融危机对实体经济的冲击和影响。我们应该大力开展贸易和投资等实体经济合作，为恢复世界经济增长提供坚实支撑。我们应该大力加强贸易融资合作，尤其应该加大对发展中国家的融资投入。我们应该大力加强中小企业合作，帮助它们尽快摆脱经营困境。我们应该大力推动国际新兴产业合作尤其是节能减排、环保、新能源等领域合作，积极培育世界经济新的增长点。我们应该大力加强国际科技合作，充分依靠科技进步的力量，不断增强世界经济增长的内在动力。

2. Further intensify cooperation. The international financial crisis is taking place at a time when economic globalization is gaining momentum and countries are becoming more and more interdependent. No country can stay immune from the crisis, and the only right choice is for all of us to work together and deal with it. We should have a correct appraisal of the situation, increase exchanges, support one another and overcome the difficulties through concerted efforts. It is essential that our macroeconomic policies are on the whole consistent, timely and forward-looking. The G20, with its broad representation, offers an important and effective platform for concerted international efforts to counter the international economic and financial crisis. We should vigorously advance substantive cooperation, speed up structural adjustment, stabilize markets, promote growth, increase employment, and improve people’s livelihood so as to minimize by all possible means the adverse impact of the crisis on the real economy. We should step up cooperation in trade, investment and other areas of the real economy and lay a solid foundation for restoring world economic growth. We should enhance cooperation in trade financing and increase, in particular, financial input in developing countries. We should promote cooperation among small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) and help them get through the difficulty as soon as possible. We should push forward international cooperation in new industries, particularly in energy conservation, pollution control, environmental protection and new energy, which may become new growth areas in the world economy. We should enhance international cooperation in science and technology, whose progress will serve as an engine for world economic growth.

第三，进一步推进改革。我们应该抓紧落实华盛顿峰会达成的重要共识，坚持全面性、均衡性、渐进性、实效性的原则，推动国际金融秩序不断朝着公平、公正、包容、有序的方向发展。尤其要在以下方面作出努力。一是加强金融监管合作，尽快制定普遍接受的国际金融监管标准和规范，完善评级机构行为准则和监管制度，建立覆盖全球特别是主要国际金融中心的早期预警机制，提高早期应对能力。二是国际金融机构应该增强对发展中国家的救助，有关国际和地区金融机构应该积极拓宽融资渠道，通过多种方式筹集资源。中方支持国际货币基金组织增资，愿同各方积极探讨并作出应有贡献。同时，我们认为，注资应该坚持权利和义务平衡、分摊和自愿相结合的原则，新增资金应该确保优先用于欠发达国家；应该建立快速反应、行之有效的国际金融救援机制，对借款国采取客观、科学、全面的评估标准。三是金融稳定论坛应该发挥更大作用。论坛不久前已成功实现扩员，应该尽快理顺机制，制定规划，着手工作，及时就稳定金融市场、加强金融监管提出更多可行性建议，并同其他国际金融机构加强协调，共同推动国际金融体系改革早日取得积极进展。四是国际货币基金组织应该加强和改善对各方特别是主要储备货币发行经济体宏观经济政策的监督，尤其应该加强对货币发行政策的监督。五是改进国际货币基金组织和世界银行治理结构，提高发展中国家代表性和发言权。六是完善国际货币体系，健全储备货币发行调控机制，保持主要储备货币汇率相对稳定，促进国际货币体系多元化、合理化。下一阶段，各方应该在充分协商的基础上制定出可供操作的时间表和路线图，扎扎实实推进改革，创造有利于世界经济健康发展的制度环境。

3. Further advance reform. We should intensify efforts to implement the important consensus reached at the Washington Summit and continue to work for a fair, just, inclusive and well-managed international financial order. And we should do so in a comprehensive, balanced and incremental manner and lay emphasis on concrete results. It is of particular importance to make efforts in the following areas. First, strengthen cooperation in financial regulation, formulate as soon as possible universally accepted standards and norms of international financial regulation, improve codes of conduct and regulatory regimes for rating agencies and establish an early warning mechanism that covers the whole world, the major international financial centers in particular, to enhance early response capabilities. Second, international financial institutions should give more assistance to developing countries. International and regional financial institutions should actively expand financing channels and mobilize resources by multiple means. China supports increasing resources of the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and is ready to enter into active discussions with various parties on this issue and make its due contribution. We believe that in raising resources, the IMF should seek a balance between rights and obligations and combine quota-based contribution with voluntary contribution. The new resources should be used, first and foremost, to meet the needs of less developed countries. It is necessary to put in place an effective international financial rescue mechanism with rapid response capabilities. And it is important to apply objective, scientific and comprehensive assessment standards to the borrowing countries. Third, the Financial Stability Forum (FSF) should play a bigger role. Following its recent broadening of membership, the Forum should now rationalize its mechanism, map out plans and get down to business as quickly as possible. We expect to see more practical proposals from the FSF on ways to stabilize financial markets and enhance financial regulation. And we hope that the FSF will have closer coordination with other international financial institutions to bring about early progress in the reform of the international financial system. Fourth, the IMF should strengthen and improve its oversight of the macroeconomic policies of various economies, major reserve currency issuing economies in particular, with a special focus on their currency issuing policies. Fifth, improve the governance structures of the IMF and the World Bank (WB) and increase the representation and voice of developing countries. Sixth, improve the international monetary system, improve the regulatory mechanism of the issuance of reserve currencies, maintain the relative stability of the exchange rates of major reserve currencies and develop a more diverse and rational international monetary system. For the next stage, we should work out a practical timetable and roadmap on the basis of full consultations and make solid progress in various reforms, thus fostering an enabling institutional environment for the sound growth of the world economy.

第四，进一步反对保护主义。近来，贸易保护主义和其他形式的保护主义明显抬头，这不符合我们在华盛顿峰会上达成的反对保护主义、避免政策内顾的共识。上世纪二三十年代经济大萧条时期，保护主义曾盛行一时，带来了严重后果。历史的教训一定要汲取。当前，任何国家和地区都不应借刺激经济之名、行保护主义之实。我们应该共同反对以保护本国就业为由对外国劳务人员采取歧视性做法。我们应该共同反对任何形式的贸易保护主义，反对以各种借口提高市场准入门槛和各种以邻为壑的投资保护主义行为，共同反对滥用贸易救济措施。我们希望有关国家放宽对发展中国家不合理的出口限制，努力扩大双边贸易规模。多哈回合谈判事关全球贸易自由化进程。我们应该共同坚守2008年7月有关各方达成的共识，在现有框架基础上继续前进，推动谈判早日取得全面、均衡的成果。

4. Further oppose protectionism. Recently, trade protectionism as well as other forms of protectionism have notably increased. This goes against the consensus we reached at the Washington Summit on rejecting protectionism and refraining from turning inward in our policies. Protectionism was prevalent during the Great Depression in the 1920s and 1930s, but it only led to grave consequences. Lessons of history must be learnt. No country should resort to protectionism under the excuse of stimulating the economy. We should jointly oppose those discriminatory practices against foreign workers under the excuse of protecting domestic jobs. We should work together to oppose trade protectionism in all manifestations and reject attempts to raise the market access threshold under various excuses and all forms of investment protectionism that harm the interests of other countries. And we should fight against the abuse of trade remedy measures together. We hope that countries concerned will ease their unfair restrictions on the exports of developing countries and increase trade with them. The Doha Round negotiations are crucial to global trade liberalization. We should jointly uphold the consensus of July 2008, build on the existing framework and continue to move the negotiations forward with a view to bringing about comprehensive and balanced outcomes at an early date.

第五，进一步支持发展中国家。当前，一些发展中国家经济金融形势恶化，社会政治动荡加剧，值得我们高度重视。虽然国际金融危机给各国造成了很大困难，但我们不能因此中断联合国千年发展目标进程。继续推进这一进程，也有利于恢复世界经济增长。我再次呼吁，国际社会应该高度关注和尽量减少国际金融危机对发展中国家特别是最不发达国家造成的损害；国际社会特别是发达国家应该承担应尽的责任和义务，继续履行援助、减债等承诺，切实保持和增加对发展中国家援助，切实帮助发展中国家维护金融稳定、促进经济增长，切实帮助发展中国家特别是非洲国家克服困难，不断改善这些国家发展的外部环境。

5. Give further support to developing countries. Some developing countries are now suffering from deteriorating economic and financial conditions and increased social and political turmoil. We need to pay close attention to their difficulties. True, the international financial crisis has caused great difficulties for all countries, but we cannot for this reason stop the process towards the UN Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). We should continue to push it forward, for this is conducive to restoring global economic growth. Once again, I call on the international community to pay great attention to and minimize the damage of the financial crisis on developing countries, especially the least developed countries. The international community, developed countries in particular, should assume due responsibilities and obligations, continue to fulfill their commitments to debt reduction and aid, take concrete measures to maintain and increase assistance to developing countries, help them uphold financial stability and promote economic growth, give a helping hand to developing countries, especially African countries, as they work to overcome difficulties, and improve the external environment for the development of these countries.