温家宝在2009博鳌亚洲论坛开幕式上的演讲

增强信心 深化合作 实现共赢
——在博鳌亚洲论坛2009年年会开幕式上的演讲
中华人民共和国国务院总理 温家宝
2009年4月18日

Strengthen Confidence and Deepen Cooperation For Win-Win Progress
Speech by Premier Wen Jiabao of the State Council of The People's Republic of China
At the Opening Plenary of The Boao Forum for Asia Annual Conference 2009
18 April 2009

尊敬的各位来宾，女士们，先生们，朋友们：
Distinguished Guests,
Ladies and Gentlemen,
Dear Friends,

很高兴参加博鳌亚洲论坛2009年年会。首先，我谨代表中国政府对年会的召开表示热烈的祝贺！对各位来宾表示诚挚的欢迎！本届年会把“经济危机与亚洲：挑战和展望”作为主题，对于凝聚共识、增强信心、深化合作、战胜危机，具有十分重要的意义。我衷心祝愿本届年会取得圆满成功！
I am delighted to be here at the Boao Forum for Asia Annual Conference 2009. Let me begin by extending, on behalf of the Chinese Government, warm congratulations on the opening of the conference and a hearty welcome to all the guests present. This conference, with "Asia: Managing Beyond Crisis" as its theme, is a highly important one. It will contribute to our efforts to build consensus, strengthen confidence, deepen cooperation and overcome the crisis. I wish the conference a great success.

2008年9月以来，世界经济遭受了上世纪大萧条以来最为严峻的挑战。各国纷纷采取措施，应对国际金融危机的严重冲击。中国政府及时果断调整宏观经济政策，实施积极的财政政策和适度宽松的货币政策，迅速出台促进经济平稳较快发展的一揽子计划，对缓解经济运行中的突出矛盾、增强信心、稳定预期，发挥了重要作用。这个一揽子计划最直接、最重要的目标，是扭转经济增速下滑趋势、保持经济平稳较快增长，并力求解决制约中国经济发展的结构性问题，加快转变发展方式，全面提升各种生产要素的质量和水平，为中国经济长远发展打下更加牢固的基础。
Since last September, the world economy has run into the most serious challenges ever since the Great Depression of the last century. Countries around the world have taken steps to cope with the severe impact of the global financial crisis. In the face of the crisis, the Chinese Government made swift and decisive adjustments to its macroeconomic policies. We adopted a proactive fiscal policy and a moderately easy monetary policy, and put in place a package plan to ensure steady and relatively fast economic growth. These measures have proved essential for easing major problems in the economy, shoring up confidence and stabilizing expectations. The most immediate and important goal of our package plan is to reverse the economic downturn and maintain steady and relatively fast growth. It is also designed to address structural problems constraining China's economic development, speed up the transformation of growth pattern and raise the quality and performance of factors of production in order to lay a more solid foundation for China's economic growth in the long run.

一是全面扩大内需，增强消费需求对经济增长的拉动力，推动中国经济均衡发展。这场百年一遇的国际金融危机对中国的冲击，主要是外部需求的急剧收缩，导致经济减速、企业生产经营困难、失业增加，结构性矛盾进一步凸显。我们把政策的着力点放在全面扩大国内需求上，努力保持投资较快增长和刺激消费，着力调整内需外需结构，加快形成内需为主和积极利用外需共同拉动经济增长的格局，使中国经济向更加均衡的发展方式转变。
First, boost domestic demand in a comprehensive way and strengthen the role of consumer demand in driving economic growth to promote balanced economic development. The major impact of this once-in-a-century financial crisis on China is the sharp drop in external demand, which in turn has led to economic slowdown, difficulties for businesses and rising unemployment. Structural problems have also become more evident. Our policies are primarily aimed at boosting domestic demand. We have been working hard to maintain relatively fast growth in investment, stimulate consumption, and readjust the structure of domestic and external demand. We will mainly rely on domestic demand and at the same time make full use of external demand so that together, they will drive our economic growth. This will lead to the transformation towards a more balanced growth pattern of the Chinese economy.

二是全面加强基础设施建设，推动中国经济协调发展。城乡、区域发展不平衡，既是中国经济社会发展中的突出矛盾，也是经济增长的巨大潜力所在。我们把应对国际金融危机和解决这些矛盾有机结合起来，在新增投资计划中，重点加强农村建设和中西部基础设施建设。着眼于巩固农业基础地位，加快农田水利重大工程建设，增强农业稳定增产、农民持续增收的能力。加快修建农村道路，改造农村电网，推进农村中小学标准化建设，改善农民生活条件。着眼于促进生产要素跨区域流动，加快重大交通基础设施建设，完善综合运输体系，特别是围绕发挥中西部地区优势，建设煤运通道、西部干线铁路和机场。着眼于扶持落后地区，帮助困难群众，积极支持保障性安居工程建设，重点解决城市低收入家庭、林区、垦区、煤矿等棚户区居民的住房问题，扩大农村危房改造试点范围，实施少数民族地区游牧民定居工程等。这些措施的逐步落实，必将使发展的薄弱环节得到加强，使广大中西部地区和农村发展环境得以改善，对我国经济协调发展产生巨大推动力。
Second, improve infrastructure across the country and promote coordinated economic development. Uneven development between urban and rural areas and among regions is an acute problem in China's economic and social development, but it also means tremendous potential for further economic growth. We seek to address this problem in the course of tackling the global financial crisis. In our new investment program, priority will be given to rural development and infrastructure projects in central and western China. We will consolidate the position of agriculture as the foundation of the economy and speed up the construction of key projects for farmland improvement and water conservancy in order to create more enabling conditions for steady increase in agricultural production and farmers' income. We will pick up pace in building roads, upgrading power grids, promoting standardization in the construction of primary and secondary schools in rural areas, and improving farmers' living conditions. We will promote cross-region mobility of factors of production, speed up the development of major transportation infrastructure, and improve the integrated transportation system. It is particularly important to build coal transport routes, trunk railway lines and airports in western China so that the advantages of central and western China can be fully brought out. We will support less developed regions and help people in difficulties. We will vigorously support government-subsidized housing projects, with priorities on addressing housing difficulties of low-income urban families and families living in shantytowns in forests, on reclaimed land and around coal mines, expanding the pilot program for renovating dilapidated houses in rural areas and building permanent housing for the nomadic population in ethnic minority areas. The implementation of these measures will, over time, help strengthen weak links in development, improve the development environment for central and western regions and the rural areas, and give a strong boost to coordinated economic development of the country.

三是全面提升产业竞争力和自主创新能力，推动中国经济可持续发展。推动产业结构优化升级，是关系经济全局紧迫而重大的战略任务。我们制定实施十大重点产业调整振兴规划，推动企业兼并重组，积极支持企业加快技术改造，淘汰落后产能，发展先进生产力，努力提高产业集中度和资源配置效率。我们加快实施国家中长期科学和技术发展规划纲要，选择那些带动力强、影响面大、见效快的项目，集中力量攻关，突破一批核心技术和关键共性技术，为经济发展提供科技支撑，推动我国经济尽快走上创新驱动的轨道。我们把投资的重点放在节能环保和生态建设上，加大对重点防护林和天然林资源保护工程、城镇污水、垃圾处理设施、重点节能减排工程建设的投入，推动中国经济的可持续发展。
Third, enhance industries' competitiveness and capacity for independent innovation and promote sustainable economic development. To upgrade industrial structure is a pressing strategic task crucial to the overall economy. We have adopted plans for the restructuring and rejuvenation of ten key industries. They include measures to facilitate merger and reorganization of enterprises, support accelerated technological innovation by businesses, phase out backward production facilities, promote advanced productive forces, raise the level of industrial concentration and improve the efficiency of resources allocation. We are speeding up the implementation of the Outline of the National Program for Medium- and Long-Term Scientific and Technological Development with a special focus on those projects that will give a strong boost to scientific and technological advancement, have a widespread impact and yield quick results. We are endeavoring to make breakthroughs in a number of core technologies and key generic technologies in order to provide scientific and technological support for economic growth and make the Chinese economy an innovation-driven one. Energy conservation, environmental protection and ecological enhancement are the priority areas of our investment. We will increase input in the development of key forest shelterbelts and the protection of natural forests, urban sewage and garbage treatment facilities and major energy-conservation and pollution-reduction projects to promote sustainable development of the economy.

四是全面提高人的素质，推动中国经济集约发展。全面提高人的素质是中国经济增长的优势和活力源泉，是长远发展的战略重点。在实施扩大内需的计划中，我们把公共资源配置向教育、医疗卫生和社会保障领域倾斜。制定实施国家中长期教育规划，大幅度增加教育投入，加强基础教育，发展职业教育，提高高等教育，增强全民族的文化素质。我们积极推进医药卫生体制改革，建设基本医疗保障制度，建立国家基本药物制度，健全基层医疗卫生服务体系，推进公立医院改革试点，促进基本公共卫生服务逐步均等化。我们加快完善社会保障体系，扩大社会保障覆盖范围，提高社会保障水平。我们千方百计扩大就业，特别是大学生和农民工就业。所有这些都有利于扩大国内即期需求，增强消费者信心，同时也有力推动经济增长由主要依靠物质资源消耗的粗放型增长，向主要依靠科技进步、劳动者素质提高、体制创新的集约型增长转变。
Fourth, work for all-round development of the people and promote intensive economic development. Human resources are an advantage and source of vitality in China's economic growth. It is a strategic priority in China's long-term development to achieve the all-round development of the people. In the course of boosting domestic demand, we have prioritized education, health care and social security in allocating public resources. We are in the process of formulating a National Medium- and Long-Term Program for Education. We will substantially increase input in education, strengthen basic education and develop vocational education, improve higher education and raise the cultural and educational level of the whole society. We are pressing ahead with medical and health care reform. We will put in place a basic medical care system and a basic drugs system, improve the community-level medical and health service system, push forward the pilot reforms in public hospitals, and promote equal access for all to basic public health services. We are improving the social safety net at a faster pace by expanding coverage of social security programs and increasing social security benefits. We are doing everything in our power to create jobs, especially for college graduates and rural migrant workers. All the aforementioned measures will help expand immediate domestic demand and bolster consumer confidence. They will also give a big push to the shift from extensive economic growth driven by high consumption of material resources to intensive growth driven by scientific and technological advancement, improved quality of the workforce and institutional innovation.

总之，我们制定实施一揽子计划，是标本兼治、远近结合的，既是保增长、保民生、保稳定的应急之举，也是推动中国经济实现科学发展、和谐发展的长远之策。我国正处在工业化和城镇化快速推进阶段，蕴藏着巨大需求和增长潜力，有改革开放30年建立的物质、科技和体制基础，有充裕的资金、丰富的劳动力等要素支撑，有集中力量办大事的制度优势、和谐安定的社会环境。只要我们不懈努力，在战胜危机的同时，一定能够使我国经济发展的体制性、结构性矛盾明显缓解，国民经济的整体素质和竞争力明显提升。中国经济发展的潜力必将进一步释放，在改善本国人民福祉的同时，为世界各国提供更多的贸易投资机会。
In a nutshell, the package plan we have introduced is aimed at addressing both symptoms and root causes and serving both current needs and long-term goals. It is an emergency-response plan to ensure economic growth, improve people's livelihood and maintain social stability. It also represents a long-term policy to promote scientific and harmonious development of the Chinese economy. China is experiencing accelerated industrialization and urbanization, a period with tremendous demand and growth potential. Thanks to 30 years of reform and opening-up, we have laid a sound material, scientific, technological and institutional foundation for development. We have sufficient capital and rich labor resources. We have institutional advantages that enable us to mobilize resources for big undertakings. And we enjoy a harmonious and stable social environment. I am convinced that so long as we persevere in our efforts, we will overcome the crisis and at the same time ease structural and institutional problems in the economic development, and enhance the overall efficiency and competitiveness of the economy. We will further unleash our economic potential to improve the well-being of the Chinese people and create more trade and investment opportunities for other countries.