温家宝在2009博鳌亚洲论坛开幕式上的演讲

中国实施的一揽子计划已初见成效，经济运行出现积极变化，形势比预料的好。主要表现：一是投资增速加快，消费较快增长，国内需求持续提高。一季度国内生产总值增长6.1％。全社会固定资产投资增长28.8％，比去年同期和四季度分别提高4.2和6.4个百分点；城镇新开工项目计划总投资增长 87.7％。社会消费品零售总额实际增长15.9％，增幅同比提高3.6个百分点。在“家电下乡”和小排量汽车减税等政策带动下，家电、农机等行业产销大幅增长，汽车销售创历史新高。商品房销售面积增长8.2％，初步扭转一年多来的下降局面。二是工业生产逐步企稳，农业形势总体稳定。3月份，规模以上工业增加值同比增长8.3％，增幅比前两个月提高4.5个百分点；消费品工业呈现回升态势，装备制造业和部分原材料工业出现转机。强农惠农政策加快落实，产生积极效果。粮食播种面积增加，夏粮长势较好；农资供应充足，春耘备耕进展顺利。三是结构调整积极推进，区域发展协调性强，产业升级加快。中西部地区固定资产投资、工业增加值、社会消费品零售总额增长，都明显高于全国平均水平。沿海地区工业总体增速虽然较低，但恢复加快。高新技术产业增势较强，生物生化制品、通信交换设备、医疗设备及器械制造业等增速明显超过工业平均增速。四是城镇就业增加，居民收入提高。一季度城镇新增就业268万人，城镇居民人均可支配收入和农民人均现金收入同比实际分别增长11.2％和8.6％。五是银行体系流动性充裕，金融市场平稳运行，社会信心提振，市场预期改善。
China's package plan is already paying off, and positive changes have taken place in the economy. The situation is better than expected. First, investment growth is gaining speed, consumption is growing fairly fast, and domestic demand has been on the rise. The country's GDP grew by 6.1% in the first quarter of this year. Total fixed assets investment rose by 28.8%, up by 4.2 percentage points and 6.4 percentage points over the first and fourth quarters of last year respectively. Total planned investment in new urban construction projects jumped by 87.7%. Retail sales of consumer goods increased by 15.9% in real terms, registering a year-on-year growth of 3.6 percentage points. Thanks to the "Home Appliance to the Countryside Program" and lower taxes for small-engine cars, production and sales of household appliances and agro-machinery grew by a large margin and auto sales reached a record high. The total floor space of commercial housing sold expanded by 8.2%, a preliminary reversal of the year-long downward trend. Second, industrial output has gradually stabilized, and agricultural production is on the whole stable. In March, the added value of industries above a designated scale increased by 8.3% year-on-year, 4.5 percentage points higher than the previous two months. Consumer goods industry looked up, while equipment manufacturing and some raw material industries turned for the better. We have speeded up the implementation of the policies to strengthen agriculture and benefit farmers with good results. Grain acreage has increased and summer crops are growing well. With ample supply of agricultural means of production, preparations for spring plowing are well underway. Third, economic restructuring has made encouraging progress, regional development has become more coordinated and industrial upgrading is picking up speed. The fixed assets investment, industrial added value and total retail sales of consumer goods in central and western China are growing at a markedly higher pace than the national average. Though the overall growth rate of industries in the coastal areas remains low, these industries are nevertheless recovering at a faster speed. High-tech industries have registered robust growth. Manufacturing industries in biological and biochemical products, communication switch equipment, medical equipment and machinery are growing faster than the overall industrial growth of the country. Fourth, urban employment and people's income have risen. Figures of the first quarter show that 2.68 million jobs were created in urban areas, and per capita urban disposable income and per capita rural cash income grew by 11.2% and 8.6% year-on-year in real terms. Fifth, there is sufficient liquidity in the banking system and financial markets have been performing smoothly. Public confidence has become stronger and market expectations have improved.

应该看到，国际金融危机还在扩散蔓延，世界经济衰退的基本态势没有改变，金融体系存在的问题没有解决，实体经济恶化超出预期，全球经济复苏可能经历较长和曲折的过程。受国际金融危机的影响，我国经济社会发展面临的困难很大，主要是：外部需求持续萎缩，出口下降幅度较大；农业稳定生产、农民持续增收难度加大；一些行业产能过剩，工业增长回升乏力，经济效益继续下滑，财政收入减少，就业形势十分严峻。
We should not, however, lose sight of the fact that the international financial crisis is still spreading, the basic trend of world economic recession is not reversed, problems in the financial system remain unresolved and the worsening of the real economy has been more serious than expected. The global economic recovery may be a long and tortuous process. The international financial crisis has presented China with great challenges in economic and social development, including a sharp decline in exports due to continuous contraction of external demand, greater difficulties in stabilizing agricultural production and increasing farmers' income, overcapacity in some industries, slow recovery in industrial growth, continued drop of economic returns, reduction in fiscal revenue and severe pressure of employment.

在错综复杂的国内外形势下，我们既要看到经济社会发展的有利条件和积极因素，坚定战胜困难的决心和信心；又要充分估计形势的不确定性、不稳定性，保持清醒头脑，增强忧患意识，宁可把形势估计得严峻一些，把困难考虑得充分一些，做好应对更大困难的长期准备。我们要坚定不移地贯彻执行积极的财政政策和适度宽松的货币政策，毫不放松地全面实施应对危机的一揽子计划，努力把金融危机的影响降到最低限度，促进中国经济平稳较快发展。
Confronted with the complicated domestic and international situation, we should recognize the favorable conditions and positive factors in economic and social development, and strengthen our resolve and confidence in overcoming difficulties. On the other hand, we should be fully mindful of the uncertainties and instabilities of the situation, remain level-headed and be more vigilant against possible adversity in the future. It is advisable to have a more sober assessment of the situation and take into consideration all possible difficulties that we may encounter. This way, we can better prepare ourselves for greater and protracted challenges. We will resolutely enforce the proactive fiscal policy and the moderately easy monetary policy, spare no effort to implement our package plan, strive to minimize the impact of the financial crisis and promote steady and relatively fast growth of the Chinese economy.

女士们，先生们，朋友们：
Ladies and Gentlemen,
Dear Friends,

在经济全球化条件下，世界各国的命运已紧紧联系在一起，没有一个国家可以在国际金融危机中独善其身，没有一个国家能够以一己之力战胜这场危机。亚洲是全球经济最具活力和潜力的地区之一。人口约占全球总人口的60％，经济总量、贸易总额约占全球的1／4和1／3。虽然各国国情不同，但维护国家主权、加快经济发展、弘扬公平正义、增进国民福祉的目标是相同的；应对国际金融危机，打击恐怖主义和跨国犯罪，遏制疫病蔓延、环境恶化等方面面临的挑战是相似的；深化双边多边合作、实现互利共赢的意愿是一致的。目前亚洲地区各种合作机制相继建立并取得积极成效，经济、科技、人文等领域交流与合作不断深化，合作的基础日益牢固。有效应对这场金融危机，亚洲各国不仅要把本国的事情办好，而且要进一步加强合作，携手努力，同舟共济，推动亚洲共赢发展，成为世界经济复苏的重要引擎。
Economic globalization has linked us closely together. No country can stay immune from the international financial crisis or overcome its impact on one's own. Asia is one of the most dynamic and promising regions in the world economy. Together, we take up 60% of the world's population, a quarter of the global economy and a third of global trade. Countries in this region have different national conditions, but we share the common goal of safeguarding sovereignty, accelerating economic growth, upholding equity and justice, and improving people's livelihood. We face similar challenges in tackling the international financial crisis, fighting terrorism and transnational crimes and curbing the spread of diseases and environmental degradation. And we have the same commitment to bilateral and multilateral cooperation for mutual benefit and win-win progress. We have put in place a variety of regional cooperation mechanisms, which have carried out effective work. Exchanges and cooperation among us in economy, science and technology, culture and other fields are deepening and the foundation of our cooperation is getting stronger. To counter the financial crisis, Asian countries should not only each run their own affairs well, but also step up cooperation and pull together like passengers in the same boat to promote win-win development and make Asia a key engine in reigniting world economic growth.

中国是亚洲合作的积极参与者与建设者，坚定不移地奉行与邻为善、以邻为伴的周边外交方针和睦邻、安邻、富邻的周边外交政策。特别是近些年来，我们与亚洲多个国家和地区签署了双多边自贸协定，推进了贸易和投资的发展。我们还与一些国家和地区签署了6份总额为235亿美元双边货币互换协议，6 份总额为6500亿元人民币的双边本币货币互换协议，丰富了区域金融合作的内容和形式，增强了地区资金救助机制的作用。拥有19亿人口、GDP近6万亿美元的中国－东盟自贸区将于2010年全面建成。我很高兴地看到，2003年10月我在第七次东盟与中日韩领导人会议上提出的“推动清迈倡议多边化”的设想，正在成为区域财金合作的重点，已经迈出实质性步伐。
China has taken an active part in building Asian cooperation. We follow a policy of making friends and partners in the surrounding areas and fostering an amicable, stable and prosperous neighborhood. In recent years in particular, we have concluded several bilateral and multilateral free trade agreements with other countries and regions in Asia, which have served to promote trade and investment. We have signed six bilateral currency swap agreements totaling US$23.5 billion and six bilateral currency swap agreements in local currencies worth RMB650 billion. These arrangements have enriched the content and form of regional financial cooperation and strengthened the role of regional liquidity assistance mechanisms. A China-ASEAN free trade area with a combined population of 1.9 billion and an aggregate GDP of nearly US$6 trillion will be fully established by 2010. In October 2003, I made a proposal at the 7th ASEAN plus China, Japan and the ROK Summit to advance the Chiang Mai Initiative Multilateralization. I am very pleased to see that this is now becoming a priority in regional financial cooperation and substantive steps have been taken in this regard.

面对国际金融危机肆虐，中国愿意继续同亚洲国家一道，积极应对挑战，全面加强合作，使各领域合作更加充实和富有活力，促进地区和平与繁荣。为此，我提出如下主张：
In the face of the spreading financial crisis, China will continue to work with other Asian countries to actively tackle challenges and advance all-round cooperation with a view to enriching and energizing our cooperation and promoting peace and prosperity in the region. To achieve this, I wish to propose the following:

一是密切经贸合作，坚决反对贸易保护主义。更加重视促进自由贸易，扩大区内贸易规模。在海关、检验检疫、物流和商务人员流动等方面采取有效措施，以实际行动降低贸易壁垒，避免设置新的贸易障碍。积极推进自由贸易区建设，充分利用多双边自由贸易安排，发挥各国经济互补优势。中国决定在上海市和广东省4个城市开展跨境贸易人民币结算试点，这一举措对促进与周边国家和地区的经贸关系必将产生积极作用。
First, engage in closer economic cooperation and trade, and firmly oppose trade protectionism. We should make greater efforts to promote free trade and expand intra-regional trade. We should adopt effective measures concerning customs, quarantine, logistics and interflow of business people, take concrete steps to lower trade barriers and refrain from setting up new obstacles to trade. We should vigorously advance the building of free trade areas, make full use of multilateral and bilateral free trade arrangements and bring into play our economic complementarities. The Chinese Government has decided to introduce a pilot program of using RMB in the settlement of cross-border trade in Shanghai and four cities in Guangdong province. This will boost our economic cooperation and trade with neighboring countries and regions.

二是加强财金合作，努力维护区域金融稳定。充分发挥双边货币互换协议作用，研究扩大互换额度和签约国范围。去年10＋3国家决定建立800 亿美元外汇储备库，最近又将其规模扩大到1200亿美元，显示了本地区加强金融合作的迫切需要和强烈意愿。希望加快清迈倡议多边化进程，最大限度照顾彼此关切，尽早达成共识，建成区域外汇储备库，增强本地区抵御金融风险能力。推进亚洲债券市场建设，更好地利用区内资金，促进亚洲经济发展。
Second, strengthen financial cooperation and maintain regional financial stability. We should take full advantage of the bilateral currency swap agreements and study the possibility of expanding the swap size and number of participating countries. The 10+3 countries decided to set up a US$80 billion foreign exchange reserve pool last year and recently agreed to expand it to US$120 billion. This underlines the urgent need and our strong desire to strengthen regional financial cooperation. We hope the multilateralization process of the Chiang Mai Initiative will speed up. We should accommodate each other's concerns to the greatest extent possible, build consensus and establish a regional reserve pool as early as possible so as to better protect our region from financial risks. We should promote development of the Asian Bond Market and better utilize available regional funds to promote economic growth in Asia.

三是深化投资合作，发挥投资在区域经济增长中的拉动作用。加快区域和次区域交通、电力、通讯领域建设步伐，逐步实现基础设施的互联互通和网络化。中国决定设立总规模为100亿美元的“中国－东盟投资合作基金”，支持区域基础设施建设。各国扩大投资都要秉承开放精神，允许其他国家企业公平参与。鼓励各国企业在区域内相互投资，加强劳务合作，避免大规模遣返外国劳工。
Third, deepen investment cooperation to drive regional economic growth. We should accelerate the development of regional and sub-regional transportation, power and communication infrastructure to gradually achieve interconnectivity and form a network. China has decided to set up a US$10 billion "China-ASEAN Fund on Investment Cooperation" to support infrastructural development in the region. All countries should follow an open approach when expanding investment and allow equal participation of enterprises from other countries. We should encourage mutual investment among businesses within the region, strengthen labor services cooperation and avoid large-scale repatriation of foreign workers.

四是推动“绿色”合作，促进亚洲经济可持续发展。积极有效地协调政策和行动，加强亚洲国家在节能环保、开发利用新能源和可再生能源等领域的合作，培育亚洲经济新的增长点。坚持“共同但有区别的责任”和公平原则，在《联合国气候变化框架公约》下，深化对话与交流，积极开展务实合作，为全球应对气候变化做出力所能及的贡献。
Fourth, advance "green" cooperation and promote sustainable economic growth in Asia. We should actively and effectively coordinate policies and actions to enhance cooperation in energy conservation, environmental protection and development and utilization of new and renewable energies, and foster new growth areas in the Asian economy. We should adhere to the principles of "common but differentiated responsibilities" and equity, intensify dialogue and exchanges and pursue practical cooperation in the context of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change so as to contribute our share to the global endeavor to fight climate change.

五是加强在国际事务中的配合与协调，促进世界和平稳定繁荣。通过APEC、亚欧会议和东亚－拉美合作论坛、亚洲－中东对话等平台，加强与其他地区的合作，提高合作效率和质量。落实二十国集团领导人伦敦金融峰会共识，加强宏观经济政策协调；推进国际金融体系改革，提高新兴市场和发展中国家的代表性和发言权，加强对主要储备货币发行经济体宏观经济政策的监督，推进多元化国际货币体系建设；推动多哈回合谈判取得全面、平衡的结果，特别要加强对发展中国家的贸易支持；认真落实联合国千年发展目标，推进国际减贫进程，避免因金融危机减少对发展中国家的援助。
Fifth, enhance collaboration and coordination in international affairs and promote world peace, stability and prosperity. We in Asia should strengthen cooperation with other regions through such platforms as Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC), Asia-Europe Meeting (ASEM), Forum for East Asia-Latin America Cooperation (FEALAC) and Asia-Middle East Dialogue (AMED), and improve the efficiency and effectiveness of such cooperation. We should implement the consensus reached at the G20 Financial Summit in London and strengthen macroeconomic policy coordination. We should advance reform of the international financial system, increase the representation and voice of emerging markets and developing countries, strengthen surveillance of the macroeconomic policies of major reserve currency issuing economies, and develop a more diversified international monetary system. We should work for comprehensive and balanced outcomes in the Doha Round negotiations and give, in particular, more trade support to developing countries. We should work earnestly to meet the UN Millennium Development Goals, push forward the global poverty reduction process, and prevent a cutback in the assistance to developing countries as a result of the financial crisis.

这里，我还想强调一点，工商界要在应对国际金融危机、促进亚洲地区发展方面发挥积极作用。企业家要注重社会责任，妥善处理各种风险和隐患，要善于把握世界经济调整时机，不断开拓创新，寻找新的发展机遇。亚洲发展潜力巨大，区内各类企业特别是跨国企业，只要坚守在这块土地上，尽量少关闭工厂、少裁员，加强各国企业在生产经营、技术研发等方面合作，一定能够在应对危机中实现新的跨越。
I wish to stress here that the business community should play an active part in tackling the international financial crisis and promoting Asia's development. Entrepreneurs need to bear in mind their social responsibilities and properly manage risks and potential problems. They should seize the opportunities offered by world economic readjustments, take bold and pioneering steps, and explore new development opportunities. Asia is a region with enormous development potential. As long as enterprises in the region, particularly multinational corporations, remain committed to their business in Asia, minimize factory closures and employee layoffs, and enhance cooperation with their partners in other countries in production, management as well as research and development, they will emerge from the crisis stronger than before.

女士们、先生们！
Ladies and Gentlemen,

我曾经说过，信心比黄金和货币更重要。今天，我还要讲一句话，希望像一盏永不熄灭的明灯，给各国、各企业和世界人民照亮方向。让我们坚定信心，满怀希望，携手合作，共同开创亚洲更加美好的未来！
As I said before, confidence is more important than gold and currency. Today, I want to add one more thing, that is, hope is an ever-lasting beacon that will light up the way forward for countries, businesses and people around the world. Let us strengthen confidence, join hands and work together with strong hope for an even brighter future for Asia.

谢谢大家！
Thank you