刘结一联合国亚太经社会演讲

刘结一部长助理在联合国亚太经社会第65届会议一般性辩论中的发言（全文）
（二00九年四月二十七日，曼谷）
Remarks by Assistant Foreign Minister Liu Jieyi At the Ministerial Segment Of the 65th Commission Session of ESCAP
Bangkok, 27 April 2009

主席先生，执行秘书女士，各位代表：
Mr. Chairman,
Madam Executive Secretary,
Representatives,
  
很高兴来曼谷出席联合国亚太经社会第65届会议。感谢泰国政府和亚太经社会秘书处为会议所做的周到安排，特别感谢阿披实总理到会讲话。
It gives me great pleasure to attend the 65th Commission Session of the United Nations Economic and Social Committee for Asia and the Pacific (ESCAP). My thanks go to the Thai government and ESCAP Secretariat for their thoughtful arrangements for this meeting. I particularly wish to thank Prime Minister Abhisit Vejjajiva for coming to this segment and addressing the audience.
  
主席先生，
Mr. Chairman,
  
当前，国际金融危机仍在蔓延，亚太经济发展受到严重影响。经济增速放缓，贸易额急剧下降，失业人口陡增，社会稳定面临压力。根据亚太经社会刚刚发表的《亚太经济社会概览》，亚太地区拥有全球三分之二的贫困人口，也是全球一半左右自然灾害的发生地，粮食能源问题依然突出，气候变化造成的自然灾害等问题凸显。亚太地区落实千年发展目标、实现经济社会可持续发展形势严峻。
The ongoing international financial crisis has had a serious impact on the economic growth of the Asia-Pacific region. Its growth has slowed down, its trade dropped sharply, unemployment surged all of a sudden and pressure is mounting on social stability. According to the latest Economic and Social Survey of Asia and the Pacific released by ESCAP, the Asia-Pacific region is home to two thirds of the world's poor and half of the natural disasters in the world occur here. Food, energy and natural disasters induced by climate change remain acute issues. For this region, to achieve the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) and sustainable economic and social development is a severe challenge.
  
妥善应对挑战，共克时艰，是我们共同的任务。为此，我愿提出以下几点主张：
It is our shared responsibility to meet the challenge and overcome the difficulties. To this end, I would like to make the following proposals:

一、全力恢复经济增长是当前最紧迫的任务，也是影响全局的关键因素。各国应加强宏观经济政策协调，并根据形势发展，进一步采取积极有效的刺激措施，扩大内需，稳定市场。亚太国家外贸依存度普遍较大，维护开放自由的全球和区域贸易体系事关各方切身利益，我们应共同反对贸易和投资保护主义，推动多哈回合谈判取得全面、平衡的成果。继续推动《亚太贸易协定》等区域多边贸易体制发展，推动贸易与投资自由化和区域经济一体化，增强对域外市场波动的免疫力。
First, our immediate task is to do all we can to restore growth as it is crucial to the whole world now. All countries should enhance coordination in macro-economic policy and, as the situation evolves, take further positive and effective stimulus measures to boost domestic demand and stabilize markets. The Asia-Pacific countries have an immediate interest in upholding open and free trade systems at both global and regional levels, as most of them largely depend on external trade. We should jointly oppose trade protectionism, and push the Doha Round negotiations towards a comprehensive and balanced outcome. We should continue to promote the Asia-Pacific Trade Agreement (APTA) and other regional multilateral trade mechanisms as well as trade and investment liberalization and regional economic integration so as to boost our ability to weather the turbulences arising from markets outside our region.
  
二、粮食能源安全和气候变化均是影响民生和可持续发展的长期性问题，需统筹应对。亚太地区现有约9.5亿人生活在贫困线以下，金融危机加剧了贫困状况。气候变化造成自然灾害频仍、农业生产力下降。各国应加大对粮食生产投入，改善粮食贸易环境，为粮食生产创造有利条件。树立和落实互利合作、多元发展、协同保障的新能源安全观。遵循《联合国气候变化框架公约》及其《京都议定书》，按照“共同但有区别的责任”的原则加强应对气候变化努力。
Second, to achieve sustainable development, we need to adopt a holistic approach to address the long-term issues of energy and grain security as well as climate change that affect people's lives. In the Asia-Pacific region, about 950 million people live below the poverty line and the financial crisis has made the poor poorer. Because of climate change, natural disasters are frequent and agro-productivity decreased. All countries should increase input into and create better conditions for grain production, and improve the environment for grain trade. We must adopt a new thinking on energy security that advocates mutually beneficial cooperation, diversified forms of development and common energy security through coordination. We should also step up our efforts to address climate change under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change and its Kyoto Protocol, as well as the principle of "common but differentiated responsibilities".
  
三、贫困人口是受危机影响最大的弱势群体，需要我们特别关注。目前，亚太地区基础社会保障水平很低，仅约30%的老年人享有养老金，约 20%的居民享有医疗保障。贫困人口的发展关系到本地区整体可持续发展。应加强社会保障体系，增加居民收入，提高消费能力，刺激经济发展。应高度关注和尽量减少国际金融危机对本地区发展中国家特别是最不发达国家造成的损害。有关各方特别是发达国家应承担责任和义务，继续履行对发展中国家的援助、减债等承诺。
Third, the poor population is the most vulnerable to the crisis and deserves our special attention. In the Asia-Pacific region, the basic social security level is low. Only about 30% of the elder people enjoy old-age pension and 20% of the population are covered by medical insurance. The development of the poor is an important factor in the overall sustainable development of the region. We should strengthen social security systems and increase people's income and consumption capability. This will also stimulate economic growth. We should pay high attention to and minimize the damage of the international financial crisis on developing, especially the least developed countries in the region. Parties concerned, developed countries in particular, should honor their responsibilities and obligations and continue to fulfill their commitments to developing countries on assistance and debt reduction.
  
四、实现社会和谐，是亚太各国的共同目标。当前形势下，面对各种挑战，更要树立和谐的观念，以统筹、全面、协调的方式推进各领域发展。发展是当前第一要务，要通过发展来解决各种问题。经济社会各领域发展要相互协调，确保发展的长期可持续性。
Fourth, social harmony is the common goal of all Asia-Pacific countries. In the face of various challenges today, it is more important to pursue harmony and promote comprehensive development in an all-round and coordinated way. Development is the top priority and the key to the solution of various issues. And long-term and sustainable development requires coordinated development in different economic and social sectors.

主席先生，
Mr. Chairman,
  
金融危机给中国带来了前所未有的困难和挑战。作为最大的发展中国家，中国努力保持自身经济的平稳较快增长本身就是对世界最大的贡献。我们把扩大国内有效需求特别是消费需求作为经济增长的基本立足点，果断实施积极的财政政策和适度宽松的货币政策，相应出台了系统完整的一揽子计划。包括大规模增加政府支出，实施总额达4万亿元人民币的两年投资计划，规模相当于2007年中国GDP的16%；多次降息和增加银行体系流动性，共释放流动性约8000 亿元人民币；大范围实施产业调整振兴规划，提高国民经济整体竞争力；大幅度提高社会保障水平，继续提高企业退休人员基本养老金，提高失业保险金等。投入 8500亿元，力争用三年时间基本建成覆盖全国城乡的基本医疗卫生制度。实施更加积极的就业政策，千方百计减缓金融危机对就业的影响。目前，这些措施已取得了初步成效。我们对实现2009年中国经济社会发展的主要预期目标充满信心。
The financial crisis has brought China uNPRecedented difficulties and challenges. As the largest developing country, China is working to maintain its steady and rapid economic growth, which is in itself the biggest contribution to the world. To boost growth, we start with the expansion of effective domestic demand, particularly consumer demand. We have swiftly adopted a proactive fiscal policy and a moderately easy monetary policy and launched a systematic and comprehensive package plan. This package plan includes a substantial increase of government spending, and a two-year program involving a total investment of RMB4 trillion, equivalent to 16% of China's GDP in 2007. Our several cuts in interest rates and increases in liquidity in the banking system have released about RMB800 billion of liquidity. We have also launched a large-scale industrial restructuring and rejuvenation program to enhance the competitiveness of our economy. We are trying to substantially raise the level of social security. We will continue to increase basic pension for enterprise retirees and unemployment insurance benefits. With an investment of RMB850 billion, we are working to set up a nationwide basic medical and healthcare system covering both urban and rural areas within three years. We are pursuing a more active employment policy and trying every means to mitigate the impact of the financial crisis on employment. All these measures have achieved initial success, giving us full confidence to meet our major economic and social development goals in 2009.
  
主席先生，
Mr. Chairman,
  
中国积极参与国际和地区应对危机的合作，为促进国际金融体系改革、加强全球宏观经济政策协调等发挥了建设性作用。中国向国际金融公司贸易融资计划提供了首批15亿美元的融资支持。中国尽最大努力向有关国家提供支持和帮助，同有关国家和地区签署了总额达6500亿元人民币的双边货币互换协议，积极参与清迈倡议多边化框架下的货币储备库建设，维护地区经济金融形势稳定，促进地区金融合作和贸易发展。
China has taken an active part in the international and regional cooperation to tackle the crisis. It has played a constructive role in promoting reform of international financial institutions and improving global coordination in macro-economic policies. China has provided US$1.5 billion as the first portion of its financial support to the Global Trade Finance Program of the International Finance Corporation. China has made utmost effort to offer support and assistance to other countries. It has signed bilateral currency swap agreements worth RMB650 billion with relevant countries and regions, actively participated in the building of the currency reserve pooling under the framework of Chiang Mai Initiative Multilateralization, worked for regional economic and financial stability and promoted regional financial cooperation and trade.
  
主席先生，
Mr. Chairman,
  
国际金融危机、粮食能源安全和气候变化为本地区实现千年发展目标增添了新的复杂因素。中国是最早提前实现千年发展目标中减贫目标的发展中国家，并为国际社会努力实现千年发展目标做出了力所能及的贡献。去年，中国国务院总理温家宝在联合国千年发展目标高级别会议上代表中国政府为促进落实千年目标再次提出了一系列援助计划，包括向联合国粮农组织捐款3000万美元设立信托基金，用于帮助发展中国家提高农业生产能力的项目和活动；大幅增加援建发展中国家的农业技术示范中心、派往发展中国家的农业专家和技术人员和发展中国家来华留学生名额；免除最不发达国家2008年底对华到期未还的无息贷款，给予有关最不发达国家95%的产品零关税待遇等一系列措施。
The global financial crisis, grain and energy security and climate change have all added complexity to the endeavor of meeting the MDGs in our region. Yet, China has become the first developing country to meet the target of poverty reduction of the MDGs ahead of schedule and done its best to contribute to the international efforts to meet the MDGs. To facilitate the implementation of the MDGs, Premier Wen Jiabao of the State Council of China put forward a series of new assistance programs on behalf of the Chinese Government at the UN High-Level Event on MDGs last year. These programs include a donation of US$30 million to the UN Food and Agriculture Organization to establish a trust fund for projects and activities aimed at improving the agricultural productivity of developing countries; an increase of assistance to the construction of agricultural technology demonstration centers in developing countries; sending more Chinese agricultural experts and technicians to developing countries; accepting a greater number of students from developing countries; and giving zero-tariff treatment to 95% of products from relevant least developed countries. And China has already canceled the outstanding interest-free loans due by the end of 2008 extended to least developed countries.
  
主席先生，
Mr. Chairman,
  
联合国亚太经社会为落实千年发展目标、推动区域经济社会可持续发展发挥了重要作用。新形势下，联合国亚太经社会可以通过改革创新、提高效率，为促进亚太各国共同发展与繁荣做出更大贡献。中国一向重视与联合国亚太经社会的合作。面对国际和地区形势广泛而深刻的变化，我们将继续支持联合国亚太经社会的工作，加强与各成员的交流，为建设亚太地区更加美好的未来做出不懈努力。
ESCAP has played an important role in implementing the MDGs and promoting sustainable economic and social development in this region. Under the new world situation, ESCAP can make greater contribution to the common development and prosperity of all Asia-Pacific countries through reform, innovation and improvement of its efficiency. China has always attached importance to its cooperation with ESCAP. In view of the extensive and profound changes in the international and regional situation, we will continue to support ESCAP, strengthen exchanges with other members and make continuous efforts for a better future of the Asia-Pacific region.
  
谢谢！
Thank you.