奥巴马在日本东京的演讲

To meet these common challenges, the United States looks to strengthen old alliances and build new partnerships with the nations of this region. To do this, we look to America’s treaty alliances with Japan, South Korea, Australia, Thailand and the Philippines — alliances that are not historical documents from a bygone era, but abiding commitments to each other that are fundamental to our shared security.

为了应对这些共同的挑战，美国寻求与本地区国家巩固已有的同盟并建立新的伙伴关系。为此，我们需依靠美国与日本、韩国、澳大利亚、泰国和菲律宾达成的盟约——这些盟约不依靠过时的历史文献，而要求坚持对我们的共同安全有着根本意义的具有相互约束力的承诺。

These alliances continue to provide the bedrock of security and stability that has allowed the nations and peoples of this region to pursue opportunity and prosperity that was unimaginable at the time of my first childhood visit to Japan. And even as American troops are engaged in two wars around the world, our commitment to Japan’s security and to Asia’s security is unshakeable — (applause) — and it can be seen in our deployments throughout the region — above all, through our young men and women in uniform, of whom I am so proud.

这些同盟关系继续为本地区国家和人民奠定了安全与稳定的基础，使他们得以追求机会和繁荣，而这些在我第一次访问日本时是根本无法想象的。即使美国军队正在这个世界上卷入了两场战争，我们对于日本和亚洲的安全承诺仍然不可动摇。这可以从我们在整个地区的部署中清楚地看到——尤其是通过我们的年青的男女军人。我为他们感到骄傲。

Now, we look to emerging nations that are poised as well to play a larger role — both in the Asia Pacific region and the wider world; places like Indonesia and Malaysia that have adopted democracy, developed their economies, and tapped the great potential of their own people.

我们看到，新兴国家正蓄势待发，准备在亚洲太平洋地区以至全世界发挥更大的作用，如印度尼西亚和马来西亚等国已采取民主制度，发展其经济，并希望挖掘本国人民的巨大潜力。

We look to rising powers with the view that in the 21st century, the national security and economic growth of one country need not come at the expense of another. I know there are many who question how the United States perceives China’s emergence. But as I have said, in an interconnected world, power does not need to be a zero-sum game, and nations need not fear the success of another. Cultivating spheres of cooperation — not competing spheres of influence — will lead to progress in the Asia Pacific.

我们还看到一些国家正日益强盛。我们认为在21世纪，一个国家的安全和经济增长不必以损害其他国家为代价，我知道，许多人都质疑我们对中国兴盛的看法，但正如我说过的——在一个相互联系的世界上，实力不必用于你死我活的对抗，各国也无须忧惧他国的成功。发展相互合作的领域——不是势力范围的相互竞争——将为亚太地区带来进步。

Now, as with any nation, America will approach China with a focus on our interests. And it’s precisely for this reason that it is important to pursue pragmatic cooperation with China on issues of mutual concern, because no one nation can meet the challenges of the 21st century alone, and the United States and China will both be better off when we are able to meet them together. That’s why we welcome China’s effort to play a greater role on the world stage — a role in which their growing economy is joined by growing responsibility. China’s partnership has proved critical in our effort to jumpstart economic recovery. China has promoted security and stability in Afghanistan and Pakistan. And it is now committed to the global noNPRoliferation regime, and supporting the pursuit of denuclearization of the Korean Peninsula.

如同与任何其他国家交往一样，美国处理与中国的关系也以我们的利益为重点。但这正是为什么我们在有共同利益的问题上要求与中国进行具有实效的合作，因为没有任何一个国家可以单独应对21世纪的各项挑战。美国和中国如果能共同迎接挑战，就能达到双赢的结果。这也正是为什么我们欢迎中国在世界舞台上发挥更大的作用——这种作用要求在经济日益增长的同时，相应承担更大的责任。事实证明，与中国的合作伙伴关系对于我们刺激经济复苏的努力至关重要。中国增进了阿富汗和巴基斯坦的安全和稳定，现在正致力于全球防核扩散制度，并支持朝鲜半岛无核化的努力。

So the United States does not seek to contain China, nor does a deeper relationship with China mean a weakening of our bilateral alliances. On the contrary, the rise of a strong, prosperous China can be a source of strength for the community of nations.

因此，美国并不寻求遏制中国，与中国深化关系也不意味着削弱我们与其他国家的双边联盟。相反，一个强大、繁荣的中国的崛起可以加强国际社会的力量。

And so in Beijing and beyond, we will work to deepen our strategic and economic dialogue, and improve communication between our militaries. Of course, we will not agree on every issue, and the United States will never waver in speaking up for the fundamental values that we hold dear — and that includes respect for the religion and cultures of all people — because support for human rights and human dignity is ingrained in America. But we can move these discussions forward in a spirit of partnership rather than rancor.

因此，无论是在北京还是在别处，我们都将努力深化我们的“战略与经济对话”，同时增进双方军队之间的交流。当然，我们不可能对所有的问题达成共识。为我们珍视的基本价值观大声疾呼，美国从来都不会动摇，其中包括尊重所有人民的宗教和文化，因为维护人权与人类尊严在美国已经根深蒂固。但是我们仍然可以本着合作的精神推进这些磋商，不再纠缠于相互的积怨。

In addition to our bilateral relations, we also believe that the growth of multilateral organizations can advance the security and prosperity of this region. I know that the United States has been disengaged from many of these organizations in recent years. So let me be clear: Those days have passed. As a Asia Pacific nation, the United States expects to be involved in the discussions that shape the future of this region, and to participate fully in appropriate organizations as they are established and evolve.

除了我们的双边关系之外，我们认为多边组织的发展也能够增进这个地区的安全与繁荣。我了解，近年来美国与此类组织的关系疏远，因此希望在此明确表示：那些日子一去不复返了。作为一个亚太国家，美国期待着参与事关本地区前途的讨论，并随着有关组织的建立和发展全力参与。

That is the work that I will begin on this trip. The Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation forum will continue to promote regional commerce and prosperity, and I look forward to participating in that forum this evening. ASEAN will remain a catalyst for Southeast Asian dialogue, cooperation and security, and I look forward to becoming the first American President to meet with all 10 ASEAN leaders.  And the United States looks forward to engaging with the East Asia Summit more formally as it plays a role in addressing the challenges of our time.

这就是我要在本次出访中开始做的工作。亚太经济合作论坛将继续促进本地区的商务和繁荣。我期盼着今晚出席该论坛的会议。东南亚国家联盟将继续是推动东南亚对话、合作与安全的动力，我期盼着成为与东盟所有10个成员国的领导人会晤的第一位美国总统。随着东亚峰会在应对当代挑战的过程中发挥作用，美国期待着以更正式的方式与之接触。

We seek this deeper and broader engagement because we know our collective future depends on it. And I’d like to speak for a bit about what that future might look like, and what we must do to advance our prosperity, our security, and our universal values and aspirations.

我们寻求这种更加深入与广泛的接触，因为我们知道我们共同的未来取决于这种接触。我想略微谈一下这样的未来将是一种什么景象，我们必须为促进我们的繁荣、我们的安全、我们的普遍价值观与愿望做些什么。

First, we must strengthen our economic recovery, and pursue growth that is both balanced and sustained.

首先，我们必须加强我们的经济复苏，争取实现平衡与持续的增长。

The quick, uNPRecedented and coordinated action taken by Asia Pacific nations and others has averted economic catastrophe, and helped us to begin to emerge from the worst recession in generations. And we have taken the historic step of reforming our international economic architecture, so that the G20 is now the premier forum for international economic cooperation.

亚太地区国家和其他国家迅速采取前所未有和协调一致的行动，避免了一场经济灾难，有助于我们开始摆脱这一场几代人以来最严重的衰退。我们为改革国际经济结构采取了具有历史意义的举措，因此20国集团现已成为国际经济合作的主要渠道。

Now, this shift to the G20, along with the greater voice that is being given to Asian nations in international financial institutions, clearly demonstrates the broader, more inclusive engagement that America seeks in the 21st century. And as a key member of the G8, Japan has and will continue to play a leading and vital role in shaping the future of the international financial architecture.

重心向20国集团的转移——加上亚洲国家在国际金融机构获得更大的发言权——明确显示美国力求在21世纪进行更广泛和更具有包容性的接触。日本作为8国集团的一个重要会员国，已经并将继续为建设未来的国际金融结构发挥重要作用。

Now that we are on the brink of economic recovery, we must also ensure that it can be sustained. We simply cannot return to the same cycles of boom and bust that led to a global recession. We can’t follow the same policies that led to such imbalanced growth. One of the important lessons this recession has taught us is the limits of depending primarily on American consumers and Asian exports to drive growth — because when Americans found themselves too heavily in debt or lost their jobs and were out of work, demand for Asian goods plummeted. When demand fell sharply, exports from this region fell sharply. Since the economies of this region are so dependent on exports, they stopped growing. And the global recession only deepened.

目前我们已经开始经济复苏，但还须保证经济复苏的持续性。我们显然不能再走导致产生全球衰退的“繁荣与泡沫”恶性循环的老路。我们不能再执行造成不平衡增长的同样政策。这次经济衰退给予我们的重要教训之一是，主要依靠美国消费者和亚洲出口推动经济增长存在着种种局限。因为一旦美国人身陷债务或失去工作，对亚洲商品的需求就会骤然下降。需求大幅度下跌，这个地区的出口也会大幅度下跌。由于这个地区的经济如此依赖出口，增长就会随之停滞。结果只会造成全球衰退的进一步加深。

So we have now reached one of those rare inflection points in history where we have the opportunity to take a different path. And that must begin with the G20 pledge that we made in Pittsburgh to pursue a new strategy for balanced economic growth.

我们现在已经处在历史上罕见的转折点之一，我们在这里有机会走上一条不同的道路。这条道路必须以我们在匹兹堡20国集团会议上作出的保证为起点，采取新的战略实现经济平衡增长。

I’ll be saying more about this in Singapore, but in the United States, this new strategy will mean that we save more and spend less, reform our financial systems, reduce our long-term deficit and borrowing. It will also mean a greater emphasis on exports that we can build, produce, and sell all over the world. For America, this is a jobs strategy. Right now, our exports support millions upon millions of well-paying American jobs. Increasing those exports by just a small amount has the potential to create millions more. These are jobs making everything from wind turbines and solar panels to the technology that you use every day.

我在新加坡还要更多地谈到这个问题；但是在美国，这项新战略意味着增加储蓄和撙节开支，改革我们的金融系统，降低我们的长期赤字。这还意味着进一步以出口为重点，从而我们可以进行制造、生产并在全世界范围销售。对于美国来说，这是一项创造就业的战略。目前，我们的出口支持了美国千百万待遇优厚的工作。只要略增加出口就有可能创造出数百万个工作机会。这些工作包罗万象，从制造风力涡轮、太阳能电池板到你们每天使用的技术等。

For Asia, striking this better balance will provide an opportunity for workers and consumers to enjoy higher standards of living that their remarkable increases in productivity have made possible. It will allow for greater investments in housing and infrastructure and the service sector. And a more balanced global economy will lead to prosperity that reaches further and deeper.

对亚洲而言，取得这种更好的平衡将为劳工阶层和消费者提供一个机会，使之能够享受由于他们大幅度提高生产率而带来的更高的生活水平。这种平衡还有助于增加住房、基础设施和服务行业的投资。一个更加平衡的全球经济将使更大范围内的更多人受益于经济繁荣。

For decades, the United States has had one of the most open markets in the world, and that openness has helped to fuel the success of so many countries in this region and others over the last century. In this new era, opening other markets around the globe will be critical not just to America’s prosperity, but to the world’s, as well.

数十年来，美国市场是世界上开放程度最高的市场之一，这种开放带动这个地区和其他地区的许多国家在上个世纪取得了成功。在这个新时代，开放全球各地的其他市场对美国以及世界的繁荣都至关重要。

An integral part of this new strategy is working towards an ambitious and balanced Doha agreement — not any agreement, but an agreement that will open up markets and increase exports around the world. We are ready to work with our Asian partners to see if we can achieve that objective in a timely fashion — and we invite our regional trading partners to join us at the table.

此项新战略的一个不可或缺的部分是努力达成一项雄心勃勃的、平衡的多哈协议——不是一项普通的协议，而是一项能够在世界各地开放市场和增加出口的协议。我们已经做好准备，与我们的亚洲伙伴协作，寻求及时达到这一目标——我们邀请亚太地区的贸易伙伴和我们一道参加谈判。

We also believe that continued integration of the economies of this region will benefit workers, consumers, and businesses in all our nations. Together, with our South Korean friends, we will work through the issues necessary to move forward on a trade agreement with them. The United States will also be engaging with the Trans-Pacific Partnership countries with the goal of shaping a regional agreement that will have broad-based membership and the high standards worthy of a 21st century trade agreement.

我们还认为，这个地区内各经济体之间的进一步整合将使我们各国的劳工阶层、消费者和企业受益。我们将与我们的友邦韩国协作，共同处理需要解决的问题，推进与他们达成贸易协议的工作。美国还将与跨太平洋伙伴关系国家接触，以达成一项地区性协议，这项协议将拥有众多会员，并达到21世纪贸易协议所应有的高标准。

Working in partnership, this is how we can sustain this recovery and advance our common prosperity. But it’s not enough to pursue growth that is balanced. We also need growth that is sustainable — for our planet and the future generations that will live here.

通过伙伴关系共同努力——这将是我们继续推动经济复苏、创造共同繁荣的方式。但是，仅仅寻求平衡的增长还不够，我们还需要确保增长的可持续性——为了我们的地球，也为了将在地球上生活的子孙后代。

Already, the United States has taken more steps to combat climate change in 10 months than we have in our recent history — (applause) — by embracing the latest science, by investing in new energy, by raising efficiency standards, forging new partnerships, and engaging in international climate negotiations. In short, America knows there is more work to do — but we are meeting our responsibility, and will continue to do so.

在过去10个月中，美国在控制气候变化方面采取的措施已经超过了多年来所有努力的总和，这些措施包括：接受科学论证，投资于新能源，提高节能标准，缔结新的伙伴关系，参加有关气候变化的国际谈判。总之，美国意识到有更多的工作要做——而我们正在履行我们的责任，并将继续这样做。

And that includes striving for success in Copenhagen. I have no illusions that this will be easy, but the contours of a way forward are clear. All nations must accept their responsibility. Those nations, like my own, who have been the leading emitters must have clear reduction targets. Developing countries will need to take substantial actions to curb their emissions, aided by finance and technology. And there must be transparency and accountability for domestic actions.

这包括努力在哥本哈根取得成功。我深知任务艰巨，并不存有幻想，但前进的道路是明确的。所有国家都必须承担其责任。那些排放量名列前茅的国家——包括我自己的国家——必须制定明确的减排目标。发展中国家也必须在财政和技术的支持下采取实质行动减少排放。对于各国在国内采取的行动，必须保持透明度和建立问责制。

Each of us must do what we can to grow our economies without endangering our planet — and we must do it together. But the good news is that if we put the right rules and incentives in place, it will unleash the creative power of our best scientists, engineers, and entrepreneurs. It will lead to new jobs, new businesses, and entire new industries. And Japan has been at the forefront on this issue. We are looking forward to being a important partner with you as we achieve this critical global goal.

我们每一个国家都必须尽最大努力做到在发展经济的同时不危及我们的地球——我们必须共同完成这项任务。令人欣慰的是，如果我们建立合理的规则与奖励机制，就会激发最出色的科学家、工程师和创业者的创造力，从而带来新的就业机会、新的企业和新的行业。在这方面，日本历来名列前茅。在我们为实现这个重要的全球目标而努力之际，我们期待着与你们结成重要的伙伴。

Yet, even as we confront this challenge of the 21st century, we must also redouble our efforts to meet a threat to our security that is the legacy of the 20th century — the danger posed by nuclear weapons. 

但是，即使在应对21世纪这一挑战的同时，我们也必须作出加倍努力，遏制20世纪给我们遗留的安全威胁——核武器的危险。

In Prague, I affirmed America’s commitment to rid the world of nuclear weapons, and laid out a comprehensive agenda to pursue this goal.  I am pleased that Japan has joined us in this effort, for no two nations on Earth know better what these weapons can do, and together we must seek a future without them. This is fundamental to our common security, and this is a great test of our common humanity. Our very future hangs in the balance.

我在布拉格申明，美国决心在世界上消除核武器，并为达到这一目标提出了一项全面计划。我对日本参与到这一努力中来感到欣慰，因为地球上没有任何国家比这两个国家更懂得这些武器的后果，因此我们必须共同寻求一个无核武的未来。这对我们共同的安全至关重要，这对我们共通的人道是巨大考验。我们的未来与此息息相关。

Now, let me be clear: So long as these weapons exist, the United States will maintain a strong and effective nuclear deterrent that guarantees the defense of our allies — including South Korea and Japan.

现在，但我必须说明：只要这些武器仍然存在，美国就将保持强大和有效的核威慑力，为我们的盟国——包括日本和韩国——提供防御保障。

But we must recognize that an escalating nuclear arms race in this region would undermine decades of growth and prosperity. So we are called upon to uphold the basic bargain of the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty — that all nations have a right to peaceful nuclear energy; that nations with nuclear weapons have a responsibility to move toward nuclear disarmament; and those without nuclear weapons have a responsibility to forsake them.

但是，我们必须认识到，军备竞赛在这个地区的加剧将会破坏几十年来不断扩大的安全与繁荣。因此，我们必须坚持《不扩散核武器条约》的基本协议，即所有国家都享有和平使用核能的权利；拥有核武器的国家有责任采取核裁军行动；不拥有核武器的国家有责任不予谋求。

Indeed, Japan serves as an example to the world that true peace and power can be achieved by taking this path.  For decades, Japan has enjoyed the benefits of peaceful nuclear energy, while rejecting nuclear arms development — and by any measure, this has increased Japan’s security and enhanced its position.

的确，日本已为世界作出榜样，它显示，真正的和平与实力可以通过这条道路实现。几十年来，日本在不发展核武器的同时，已经享受到核能源和平用途的种种好处——无论从任何意义衡量，这都使日本更加安全，处境更加有利。

To meet our responsibilities and to move forward with the agenda I laid out in Prague, we have passed, with the help of Japan, a unanimous U.N. Security Council resolution embracing this international effort. We are pursuing a new agreement with Russia to reduce our nuclear stockpiles. We will work to ratify and bring into force the test ban treaty.  And next year at our Nuclear Security Summit, we will advance our goal of securing all the world’s vulnerable nuclear materials within four years.

为履行我们的责任——并且推动我在布拉格提出的计划，我们在日本的帮助下，一致通过了一项联合国安理会决议，支持这一国际努力。我们正在争取与俄罗斯就削减我们的核库存达成一项新协定。我们将为使《禁止核试验条约》获得批准并生效而努力。在明年核安全峰会上我们将推动的目标是，在4年之内使全世界所有处境危险的核材料得到妥善管理。