和谐英语

您现在的位置是:首页 > 考研英语 > 词汇

正文

考研英语核心词汇辨析(四)

2011-11-06来源:新东方

1. affiliate, link, attach, append都有"附加"的意思。

affiliate v. 加入,成为……一部分。

an affiliated middle school  一所附属中学

link v. 将人或物连接起来。

The crowd linked arms to form a barrier. 群众臂挽着臂组成人墙。

attach v. 将某物系在、贴在、附在另一物上。

I attached a note to my report with a paper clip. 我用别针将一张字条别在报告的后面。

append v. 增加,附加(与attach的意思比较接近)。

The lawyer appended two more pages to the contract. 律师在合同后又附加了两页。

2. affirm, assert, allege, claim, announce, proclaim这一组动词都有"声称"的意思。

affirm v. 坚信不疑地肯定或宣称,是deny的反义词。

He affirmed his love for her.他发誓爱她。

assert v. 指不管事实如何,主观自信地宣称,或者清楚有力地坚持某个情况为事实。

She asserted that she was innocent .她宣称自己是无辜的。

allege v. 在无真凭实据的情况下宣称、断定。

The suspect alleged that he had not been in the neighborhood at the time of the crime. 嫌疑犯声称案发时他不在现场。

claim v. 要求,声称,断言。多指根据某种规定提出的要求或主张。

They claim that if more people rode bicycles to go to work there would be fewer automobiles in the downtown section of the city. 他们生成如果有更多的人骑自行车上班的话,闹市区的汽车就会有所减少。

announce v. 宣布,宣告。多指首次当众正式宣布某一主张或态度,常常带有预告的意味。

The invention of the printing press announced the diffusion of knowledge. 印刷术的发明宣告了知识普及时代的来临。

proclaim v. 宣布;宣告(成立)。指经过深思熟虑后向大众宣布一个明确的决定或判断,尤其指重大事件的宣布,多用于官方场合。

The president proclaimed an emergency when the war came. 当战争来临的时候总统宣布进入紧急状态。

3. aggravate, reinforce, increase, strengthen, intensify这一组动词都有"加强"的意思。

aggravate v. 加重(负担、罪行、病情等),使之恶化。

I hurt my foot, then aggravated it by trying to walk too soon. 我的脚受伤了,而过早的下地走路又加重了伤情。

reinforce v. 增援,一般用于军队或警察的行动;(添材料等)加固。

A police officer saw three thieves robbing a bank and radioed to reinforce him. 一位警察看到三个盗贼抢劫银行,用无线电话要求增援。

increase v. 指数量上的增加。

The number of people has been increased. 人数增加了。

strengthen v. 加强,巩固,增强,相当于to become stronger。

Exercising every day strengthens the heart. 每天锻炼可以提高心脏的功能。

Competition, they believe, strengthens the national character rather than corrupt it. 人们认为竞争加强了民族性而不是破坏了它。

intensify v. 使变得更强烈、剧烈,加剧,相当于to become more intense or intensive。

intensify colors  加深色彩      intensify hatred  加深仇恨

4. alert, cautious, considerate都表示"小心的,谨慎的"。

alert a. 警惕的,留神的。

The hostess remained standing, alert to every guests' drinking need. 女主人一直站在旁边,时刻准备给大家斟酒。

cautious a. 细心的,谨慎的。

He has a cautious attitude about spending money. 在花钱的问题上他态度谨慎。

considerate a. 关心他人的,体贴的。

He is always considerate of others; he is kind and sympathetic. 他总是很体谅他人,并且慈祥而富有同情心。

5. alive, live, living, lively 这一组形容词都跟"活"有关。

alive a. 活着的,有活力的,常作表语,作定语时必须后置。

After the accident, he was barely alive. 交通事故后,他奄奄一息。

all man alive  所有活着的人

live a. 活的,有活力的,现场直播的

We watched the live broadcast of the opera on TV. 我们通过电视观看了这部歌剧的实况。

living a. 活着的,作定语可前可后,可修饰人也可修饰物。

Who is the world's greatest living artist? 谁是现在还健在的世界上最伟大的艺术家?

living room起居室

lively a. 活泼的,栩栩如生的。

She is a lively young girl, always laughing and doing things. 她是个活泼可爱的小姑娘,总是欢声笑语忙个不停。