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2017考研英语:新闻热词英译汇总(2)

2016-01-19来源:和谐英语
降税

tariff cut

Chinese consumers have welcomed a new round of tariff cuts on imported products from Australia and South Korea. 我国消费者近日迎来了澳大利亚和韩国进口商品的新一轮降税。

本轮降税自1月1日起生效(come into effect),是中澳中韩自贸协定(free trade agreement)去年12月生效后的第二轮降税。澳大利亚婴儿配方奶粉(infant formula)的税率从12%降至9%,来自韩国的农产品(agricultural products)的税率也降低了1.3个百分点。中澳自贸协定将影响超过5500种澳大利亚商品的售价,占澳大利亚出口中国商品种类的2/3。同时,超过9成的韩国进口商品将在20年内享受零税率。

中韩、中澳两大自贸协定实施后,中国与韩国、澳大利亚的绝大多数贸易商品(most of the traded goods)将逐步迎来"零关税(zero tariff, tariff-free)时代",给企业和百姓带来巨大利好(a huge win for both enterprises and people)。目前我国已签署并实施的自贸协定已有14个,涉及22个国家和地区。自贸伙伴遍及亚洲、拉美、大洋洲、欧洲等地区。

[相关词汇]

区域经济一体化 regional economic integration

最惠国待遇 the most favored nation (MFN) status

贸易保护主义 trade protectionism

贸易自由化 trade liberalization

贸易摩擦 trade friction

关税壁垒 tariff barrier

氢弹

hydrogen bomb, H-bomb

The Democratic People's Republic of Korea (DPRK) announced Wednesday that it has successfully carried out its first hydrogen bomb test. 朝鲜6日宣布该国第一颗氢弹试验成功举行。

朝中社援引政府声明报道,这次试验是基于朝鲜自主的智慧、技术和力量进行的(be conducted with indigenous wisdom, technology and efforts)。试验充分证明了(fully prove that)朝鲜新开发的氢弹试验技术的精确性,科学性地证明了小型化氢弹的威力(scientifically verify the power of smaller H-bomb)。通过最完美地举行彪炳祖国史册(be specially recorded in history)的氢弹试验,朝鲜堂堂地进入了拥有氢弹的核国家前列(proudly join the advanced ranks of nuclear weapons states possessed of an H-bomb)。

朝鲜政府称,只要敌对势力(the hostile forces)不侵害朝鲜自主权(not encroach upon its sovereignty),朝鲜不会首先使用核武器(not be the first to use nuclear weapons),也不会在任何情况下(under any circumstances)转移相关技术手段(transfer relevant means and technology),但同时警告,只要美国不根绝敌视朝鲜政策(roll back its vicious hostile policy toward the DPRK),朝鲜绝不会停止核开发(suspend nuclear development),也不会弃核(nuclear dismantlement)。

据报道,朝鲜最高领导人金正恩代表朝鲜劳动党于2015年12月15日下达了进行首次氢弹试验的命令,本月3日签署最终命令(sign the final written order)。美国6日表示,无法确认朝鲜所说成功进行氢弹试验,但谴责任何违反联合国决议的行为(condemn any violation of UN Security Council resolutions)。

[相关词汇]

核裁军 nuclear disarmament

核威慑 nuclear deterrence

核扩散 nuclear proliferation

核泄漏 nuclear leakage

去核化 denuclearization

控枪

gun control

US President Obama has announced his plans Tuesday for an executive order that will expand background checks for firearm purchases and put more resources into gun control enforcement. 美国总统奥巴马5日宣布将通过行政令来扩大购枪背景审查,动用更多资源实施枪支管控。

在支持控枪人士(gun control advocates)和枪支暴力受害者家属(families of victims of gun violence)的陪同下,奥巴马当天在白宫举行新闻发布会,痛陈美国 枪支暴力犯罪顽疾,批评美国国会在控枪问题上不作为(criticize Congressional "inaction" on the issue),并宣布一系列控枪举措:包括实体商店(brick-and-mortar stores)、枪展(gun shows)、互联网以及跳蚤市场(flea markets)在内的所有枪支售卖者(all dealers selling guns),均将被要求获得经营许可(be required to get licenses),并对购枪者进行背景审查(conduct background checks),否则将受到最高5年监禁(can be sentenced up to five years in prison)和最多25万美元罚款(be fined up to $250,000)的处罚。

此外,美政府将雇用更多检查人员(hire more examiners)参与购枪者背景审查工作,增加200名警员以加强枪支安全相关法规的执法力度,并投入5亿美元用于治疗相关精神疾病(mental healthcare)。

奥巴马宣布控枪新举措前一天,尽管各主要股票市场出现广泛下跌(despite a widespread downturn across all major markets),但美国主要枪支制造商的股价却都上涨了(stocks for major American gun manufacturers shoot up)。在差不多每一次发生大规模枪击案(mass shooting)以及由此引发的政界强烈抗议(the resulting political outcry)后,对于购枪限制的担忧(fear of gun-buying restrictions)都会导致枪支销量猛增(send gun sales skyrocketing)。这次奥巴马绕过国会(bypass Congress),直接强行颁布行政命令(executive orders),还引发了共和党人的强烈指责。

[相关词汇]

弹药 ammunition

乱枪扫射 shooting rampage

校园枪击案 campus shooting, shooting on campus

枪支暴力 gun violence

大规模枪击 mass shooting

毒保姆

deadly caregiver

Deadly caregiver refers to caregivers involved in a series of criminal cases revealed by media in Guangdong. The caregivers were accused of killing the elderly they were supposed to look after by poisoning so that they could get their salaries in advance. "毒保姆"是广东媒体接连曝光的一系列毒杀老人案件中的保姆,这些保姆被指控为了早点拿到工资,就用下毒的方法将应该照顾的老人杀害。

犯罪嫌疑人以照顾老人(look after the elderly)为名,谋财害命(murder for money),还故意制造老人自然死亡(natural death)的假象,企图逃避公安机关的侦查打击。

家政公司从业人员素质参差不齐,准入门槛极低(extremely low access threshold),缺少培训(lack of training),而家政公司对她们也疏于约束和管理(lack of control and supervision),为"毒保姆"的出现,埋下了系统性隐患。不仅如此,业内还出现了许多无资质或经营不规范的"黑家政公司(unqualified home management company)",因此消费者协会忠告市民,即便处于"保姆荒(nanny shortage)",也要擦亮眼睛,拒绝"黑家政"。

[相关词汇]

家政服务 household management service

家政服务业 home service industry

临时照看孩子的保姆 baby sitter

管家 housekeeper