2017考研:英语长难句精析(四)
对于2017考研学子来说,现阶段考研英语的主要复习任务是攻克词汇和语法长难句,在此为各位考生归纳总结了长难句学习的要点,希望能对大家有所帮助。
1、An education that aims at getting a student a certain kind of job is a technical education, justified for reasons radically different from why education is universally required by law.
[译文]旨在使学生胜任某种工作的教育是职业教育,它存在的理由与法律所规定的普及教育之间有很大差别。
[分析]这个句子的主语是 An education,后面 that 引导的从句既是主语的定语,表语是 a technical education。过去分词 justified 引导的短语修饰 a technical education,radically different from why education is universally required bylaw 是 reasons 的后置定语。
2、Rather, we have a certain conception of the American citizen, acharacter who is incomplete if he cannot competently assess how his livelihoodand happiness are affected by things outside of himself.
[译文]我们更应该具有的是作为美国公民的某种观念, 这个公民人物如果不能很恰当地识到自己的生存和幸福是如何受到自身之外的事物的影响,那么其公民特征就是不完整的。
[分析] 这个句子的难点在于理解 a certainconception of the American citizen, 即 a character… outside of himself。 这里的 a character 是指 theAmerican citizen,其后是一个 who 引导的定语从句;该定语从句是主从复合句,其中主句是 who is incomplete, if 引导条件从句,这个条件从句中的谓语动词 assess 跟了一个 how 引导的宾语从句。
3、Besides, this is unlikely to produce the needed number of everykind of professional in a country as large as ours and where the economy isspread over so many states and involves so many international corporations.
[译文]另外,在我们这么一个大国里,经济延展到这么多的州、涉及到这么多的国际公司,因而要按照数量培养出所需的各类专业人员是不大可能的。
[分析]这里的主语 this 指的是前面所说的professional training,后面不定式短语中动词 produce 的宾语是 professional,前面的成分是修饰这个词的短语,接着是地点状语,其中 country 带了两个修饰成分:前一个是形容词性的短语 as large as ours,后一个是 where 引导的定语从句,这个从句的主语 the economy 有两个谓语动词:is 和 involves,后面都用了相似的结构 so many,表示强调。
4、Declaring that he was opposed to using this unusual animalhusbandry technique to clone humans, he ordered that federal funds not be usedfor such an experiment—although no one had proposed to do so—and asked anindependent panel of experts chaired by Princeton President Harold Shapiro toreport back to the White House in 90 days with recommendations for a nationalpolicy on human cloning.
[译文]他宣布自己反对使用这种非同寻常的畜牧繁殖技术来克隆人类, 并下令不准联邦政府基金用于做此类试验— 尽管还没有人建议这么做— 他还请一个以普林斯顿大学校长哈罗得· 夏皮罗为首的独立的专家组在90 天内向白宫汇报关于制定有关克隆人的国家政策的建议。
[分析]这是一个长句,主语是 he,谓语是 ordered 和 asked。现在分词短语 (Declaring that… to clone humans) 作伴随状语,其中又包含一个 that 引导的宾语从句。Ordered 后跟了一个宾语从句,asked 后跟了一个名词短语,它由过去分词 chaired 修饰,其中含一个表示目的的不定式。
5、A lateral move that hurt my pride and blocked my professional progress prompted me to abandon my relatively high profile career although, inthe manner of a disgraced government minister, I covered my exit by claiming "I wanted to spend more time with my family".
[译文]一次侧面的不光明磊落的攻击伤害了我的自尊, 阻碍了我事业的发展, 使我不得不抛弃了那份引人注目的工作,尽管表面上我还要以一个蒙受屈辱的政府部长的姿态,通过声称“我只不过是想多和家人呆在一起”来掩盖我的退出。
[分析]本句中 a lateral move 是主语,promoted 是谓语,that hurtmy pride and blocked my professional progress 是 a lateral move 的定语, although, …with my family 是状语, 其中逗号之间的 in the mannerof a disgraced government minister 是插入语。
以上就是提供给大家的思路,希望大家可以有所受益。英语最主要的是需要练习,希望大家可以多多练习,预祝大家考研成功。
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