2017考研：英语长难句精析（五）

对于2017考研学子来说，现阶段考研英语的主要复习任务是攻克词汇和语法长难句，在此为各位考生归纳总结了长难句学习的要点，希望能对大家有所帮助。

1、Curiously, some two-and-a-half years and two novels later, myexperiment in what the Americans term“downshifting” hasturned my tired excuse into an absolute reality.

[译文]奇怪的是， 我在大约两年半的时间里完成两本小说之后，我这个被美国人称为 “放慢生活节奏”的试验，却使我老掉牙的借口变成了确凿的现实。

[分析]本句主干是 myexperiment... has turned my tired excuse into an absolute reality。注意其谓语是一个turn sth. into sth.的结构。前面两个逗号之间的是时间状语。注意抓句子的主干，其中主语的修饰部分 in what the Americans term “downshifting” 看不懂可以跳过去。当然，如果我们对英语的预感较好，就可以猜测downshifting 一词的意思与驾驶骑车有关，在这里，作者把生活比喻为开车，因此放弃对物质生活的热衷追求就像在开车时减档减速一样。

2、But, for a small group of students, professional training mightbe the way to go since well-developed skills, all other factors being equal,can be the difference between having a job and not.

[译文]但是，对一小部分学生来说，职业教育也是条可取的路径。因为在其他因素相同的情况下，技能的娴熟是得到工作与否的关键。

[分析]该句是个主从复合句，前面 for 引导的短语表示的是对象，注意主句的表语 the way 跟了一个不定式 to go，从句由 since 引导，这个从句的主干结构是 skills… can be the difference，其中 difference 带了一个介词短语 between… and…，and 后面的 not 可以补足为 not having a job。all other factors being equal 是一个独立主格结构，在本句中作为插入短语，起到限制的作用。

3、I have been transformed from a passionate advocate of thephilosophy of “have it all”, preached by Linda Kelsey for the past seven yearsin the pages of She magazine, into a woman who is happy to settle for a bit of everything.

[译文]我从一个“全力以赴”的生活哲学— 在过去七年里林达· 凯尔西一直在 《女性》 杂志鼓吹这种生活方式— 的积极倡导者，一改而成为随遇而安的女人。

[分析]该句的主干结构是 I have beentransformed from a passionate advocate of the philosophy of “have it all”… into awoman。preached by… magazine 是过去分词短语，作 the philosophy of “have it all”的定语，插在from…into 之中，造成了句子的割裂。翻译时，可把分词短语译成一个分句，其他照原文顺序翻译。

4、I have discovered, as perhaps Kelsey will after her muchpublicized resignation from the editorship of She after a build up of stress,that abandoning the doctrine of “juggling your life”, and making thealternative move into “downshifting” brings with it far greater rewards thanfinancial success and social status.

[译文]我发觉，放弃那种“日夜操劳的生活”信念而选择“放慢生活的节奏”会带来比金钱和社会地位更大的回报。凯尔西在长期经受巨大压力后，从惹人注目的《女性》杂志编辑部退出之后，恐怕她也将与我有同样的感觉。

[分析]本句中 as perhaps Kelseywill…引导的方式状语从句放到了主句的谓语动词 discovered 与 that引导的宾语从句之间，从而造成动宾之间的分割。 as 引导的从句中省略了谓语动词 discover，是为了避免重复。宾语从句中主语为 abandoning…and making…并列的动名词短语；谓语为 bring sth with sth 结构，只是因宾语过长，而把 with 短语提前了。

5、Tom came to believe in a sort of linguistic determinism which,in its strongest form, states that language imprisons the mind, and that thegrammatical patterns in a language can produce far reaching consequences forthe culture of a society.

[译文]汤姆进而相信某种类似语言决定论的观点，其极端说法是：语言禁锢思维，语言的语法结构能对一个社会的文化产生深远的影响。

[分析]句子的主干为Tom came to believe in a sort of linguistic determinism。 which 引导限制性定语从句，修饰linguistic determinism。在由 which 引导的定语从句中，谓语动词 states 跟了两个宾语从句：一是 that language imprisons the mind，一是 and that thegrammatical patterns…society。注意：句中 imprison the mind 不能译成“把大脑 (或思想) 关进牢房”，只能译成“禁锢思想 (或思维)”。