2017考研：英语长难句精析（六）

对于2017考研学子来说，现阶段考研英语的主要复习任务是攻克词汇和语法长难句，在此为各位考生归纳总结了长难句学习的要点，希望能对大家有所帮助。

1、These days the Net, which has already re-made such everyday pastimes as buying books and sending mail, is reshaping Donovan's vocation as well.

[译文]互联网已经改变了购书和寄信这样的日常活动，如今也正在改变多诺万所从事的职业。

[分析]句子的主干是 the Net…is reshaping Donovan's vocation，由 which 引导的非限定性定语从句(which has already re-made such everyday pastimes as buying booksand sending mail)用来补充说明 the Net。

2、The rise of anti-happy art almost exactly tracks the emergence of mass media, and with it, a commercial culture in which happiness is not just an ideal but an ideology.

[译文]反快乐艺术的兴起几乎完全与大众传媒同步出现， 而随之兴起了一种商业文化， 在这种文化中，快乐不仅是一个理想，而且是一种意识形态。

[分析]此句是一个简单句，主干是 The riseof anti-happy art almost exactly tracks the emergence of mass media…a commercial culture。with it 中的 it 是指 the emergence of mass media。另外，in which happiness is not just an ideal but an ideology 是一个定语从句，修饰 acommercial culture。

3、And there are the townsfolk who largely live off the tourists who come, not to see the plays, but to look at Anne Hathaway's Cottage, Shakespeare's birthplace and the other sights.

[译文]也有一些市镇居民很大程度上依靠游客生活，这些游客不是来看戏剧的，而是游览安娜.海瑟威的小屋、莎士比亚诞生地以及其他景点的。

[分析]定语从句 (who largelylive off the tourists) 修饰 the townsfolk，而该定语从句的宾语 the tourists的后面又跟了另一个定语从句。注意，不能把 not to see the plays 的主语看作是 the townsfolk。

4、According to their latest paper published in Nature, the biomass of large predators (animals that kill and eat other animals) in a new fishery is reduced on average by 80% within 15 years of the start of exploitation.

[译文]根据他们最近在《自然》杂志上发表的文章，大型食肉的海洋生物（一种杀死和吃其它动物的生物）的捕获量在不到15年的时间里已经减少了80%。

[分析]句子的结构比较简单，但要注意数字的表述，而这正是考试的内容。在新渔场开始捕鱼的15年之内，大型捕食动物的生物量平均减少80%，而在此之后又减少了一半，即剩下的 20%又减少了一半，因而应该只剩下10%了。

5、But this was not always the case; before it was legally required for all children to attend school until a certain age, it was widely accepted that some were just not equipped by nature to pursue this kind of education.

[译文]但是情况并不总是如此；在法律要求所有儿童在一定年龄之前必须上学，人们普遍认为有些儿童天生就不适合接受这种教育。

[分析]全句由两个分句组成，前后用分号隔开。在第二个分句的主句中，it 是形式主语，真正的主语是 some were just not equipped by nature to pursue this kind of education。it was widely accepted 意为“人们普遍认为”。