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2017考研:英语长难句精析(七)

2016-04-20来源:和谐英语

1、That means a higher proportion of what is in the sea is being caught, so the real difference between present and past is likely to be worse than the one recorded by changes in catch sizes.

[译文]这意味着更高比例的海洋生物正在被捕杀,因此介于现在和过去这一段时间,海洋生物量的真正差别可能比捕获量所记录的变化更要糟糕。

[分析]这是一个因果复合句,前半句是原因,后半句表示结果。而在表示原因的从句中,宾语较为复杂,of 后面跟了一个主语从句,其主句又是一个主语从句。what is in the sea 是一种婉转的说法,即海洋中的生物,或文中所说的生物量 (biomass) 。另外,注意 recorded by changes in catch sizes 是一个过去分词结构,修饰 the one(即 the actualbiomass)。

2、Some individuals would therefore not have been caught, since nobaited hooks would have been available to trap them, leading to anunderestimate of fish stocks in the past.

[译文]有些鱼因此并没有被捕获,因为没有更多的带饵鱼钩来捕获它们,这就导致低估过去的鱼量。

[分析]这是一个因果复合句,主句是 Some individuals would therefore not have been caught。leading to anunderestimate of fish stocks in the past 作从句的状语。

3、There will be television chat shows hosted by robots, and cars with pollution monitors that will disable them when they offend.

[译文]届时,将出现由机器人主持的电视聊天节目以及装有污染监控器的汽车,一旦这些汽车排污超标,监控器就会使其停驶。

[分析]本句的主干结构是 There willbe television chat show… and cars…。过去分词结构 hosted by robots修饰 television chat shows,而限制性定语从句(that will disable them when they offend)则修饰前面的pollution monitors,状语从句(when they offend) 是限制性定语从句的状语。

4、NBAC will ask that Clinton's 90-day ban on federal funds for human cloning be extended indefinitely, and possibly that it be made law.

[译文]NBAC 会要求将克林顿所颁布的在90 天内禁止联邦基金用于克隆人的禁令无限期地延续下去,还可能要求将之立法。

[分析]这个句子的主语是 NBAC,谓语 ask 后面是两个并列的宾语从句,找出 ask 的两个宾语从句是理解这个句子的关键,同时注意虚拟语气的运用,明白谓语动词为什么用 be 动词原形。在第一个从句中,主语是 ban,谓语是 be extended,即 the 90-day ban should be extended。在第二个从句中, it 指代 the ban onfederal funds for human cloning。

5、In a draft preface to the recommendations, which are discussedat the 17 May meeting, Shapiro suggested that the panel had found a broad consensus that it would be “morally unacceptable to attempt to create a human child by adult nuclear cloning.”

[译文]在 5 月 17 日的会议上所讨论的这份建议书的序言草案中,夏皮罗提出,专家组已经达成广泛共识,那就是“试图通过成人细胞核克隆来制造人类幼儿的做法在道德上是不可接受的”。

[分析]这个简单句的主干其实就是 Shapirosuggested that 从句。主语前面的部分是该句的状语,其中recommendations 后面的过去分词结构是表明时间的修饰成分。主句的宾语从句中包含了一个 consensus 的同位语从句,解释的是 consensus 的内容,这个同位语从句中的 it 充当的是形式主语,真正的主语是后面的不定式 to attempt to create a human child by adult nuclear cloning。该句的主要信息集中的两个地方:一个是 the panel…found… consensus…,另一个是对于 consensus 的解释,尤其是对其中形式主语的理解。

以上就是提供给大家的长难句复习要点,希望大家可以有所收益。英语最主要的是需要练习,希望大家可以多多练习,预祝大家考研成功。