2015考研英语：阅读解题技巧之推理题

推理题是考研英语阅读题型之一。所谓推理题，通常是作者根据文章内容进行推理，得出正确结论。

1.识别

当infer,learn,imply,conclude,suggest,indicate等出现在题干中时，可基本判定该题为推理题。

2.分类

根据推理题的不同情况，我们可以将之分为不同的种类：

①细节性推理：题干中包含有具体定位信息，此时它的做法和细节题类似，有时比细节题更简单。

②段落性推理：题干中包含有具体段落号（从四个选项中寻找定位信息或原文常考出题点）。

③全文性推理：题干中包含主体词或无定位信息（从四个选择中寻找定位信息，或遵循顺序原则）。

3.解题原则

根据推理题的实际解体情况，我们在解题时应该坚持以下原则：

①主题大于细节，观点大于论据；

②推理必须有原文论据；

③重点关注转折

4.常考出题点

在仔细分析历年真题后文都老师发现，推理题的实质：是一种同义改写，推理通常为正反推理和归纳总结。考研中常考的出题点通常出现以下特征：

①段落首末句、主题句、观点句；

②与主题密切相关的细节；

③转折的地方；

④强调或递进关系的地方。

具体该如何操作，还是我们一起来看看2010的text 2吧。

29. We learn from the last two paragraphs that business-method patents_________.

[A] are immune to legal challenges.

[B] are often unnecessarily issued.

[C] lower the esteem for patent holders.

[D] increase the incidence of risks.

题干问我们从最后两段可以推测出什么？首先，还是先定位。

④The Bilski case involves a claimed patent on a method for hedging risk in the energy market. The Federal circuit issued an unusual order stating that the case would be heard by all 12 of the court’s judges, rather than a typical panel of three, and that one issue it wants to evaluate is whether it should “reconsider” its State Street Bank ruling.

⑤The Federal Circuit’s action comes in the wake of a series of recent decisions by the Supreme Court that has narrowed the scope of protections for patent holders. Last April, for example, the justices signaled that too many patents were being upheld for “inventions”that are obvious. The judges on the Federal circuit are “reacting to the anti-patent trend at the supreme court”,says Harold C. Wegner, a patent attorney and professor at George Washington University Law School.

根据第五段第二句，去年四月，法官表示说很多显而易见的发明被授予。言下之意就是说，经常授予了没有必要的专利问题。选项A、C和D都不是正确答案，本题选C。选项A，专利问题不受法律影响。文中有提到法律质疑很可能会改变专利的未来。选项C属于无中生有的选项，文中并未提出；选项D并非是增加风险的几率，而是规避。