实战口语情景对话 第483期:Irish History 爱尔兰历史

Todd: Hey, Eucharia can you give us a brief history of Ireland?
托德：嗨，尤查里亚，你能和我们简单说说爱尔兰的历史吗？

Eucharia: Sure well, I think most people know of St Patrick's day and that it is an Irish festival which celebrates being Irish. Well, St Patrick was brought to Ireland in 460 as a slave from Wales and then he left and went to Italy where he was converted to Christianity and then he went back to Ireland to bring Christianity to the Irish Celtic people. So, skipping ahead a few years. The Celtic people were always quite unique within Europe because we… the Celtic people always believed in equality between men and women and therefore there were women warriors in Ireland which used to frighten many of the potential invaders away because a lot of men didn't like to be beaten by women back then and maybe it's still true today.
尤查里亚：当然可以，我想大部分人都知道圣帕特里克节，这是爱尔兰人庆祝的一个节日。圣帕特里克出生在威尔士，公元460年他被当成奴隶卖到了爱尔兰，之后他离开爱尔兰前往意大利，在那里皈依基督教，后来他回到爱尔兰并向爱尔兰凯尔特人宣扬基督教。先说一下之前的情况。凯尔特人在欧洲属于非常独特的族群，因为我们……凯尔特人一直相信男女平等，所以爱尔兰有很多女战士，她们曾赶跑了很多想入侵爱尔兰的人，当时很多男性并不想被女人打，我想现在情况也是如此。

Then the next biggest thing in history was the colonialisation of Ireland by England, starting in the 16th century until the early 20th century. And it wasn't taken to readily because of the nature of the Celtic warriors. It was probably the bloodiest period in history because the Celtic people did not like to be colonised, so there was a lot of fighting and battles between the English and the Irish even though the English had, to all intents and purposes, colonised, it was not an easy colonisation. But the single most effective tech that the Eng used in the colonisation came in 1822 when the English implemented a national education system. Before this the Irish people used to go and learn in schools called 'hedge schools', so they were outside and they were given by people who wanted to teach, so genuine academics and people learned stuff like ancient greek, latin, so most people have this tradition of speaking other languages, mathematics… So when the education system was changed in line with the English colonial system it became illegal to speak Irish in the classroom and it became illegal to speak Irish in many places. Now in my city there's a lovely trading area called 'The Old English Market' and its called 'The Old English Market' because there is a sign inside the door: 'Anyone who will speak… who will speak in Irish and not in English will be sent to jail'. So it was really strictly enforced and it was a very… I can't say laudable technique but… it was a very effective way of colonisation. Nowadays in Ireland people spk English and people speak Irish, both, and it's considered bilingual. All documents, all street names are written in Irish and English.
爱尔兰历史上最重大的事件是在16世纪至20世纪初期成为英国的殖民地。但是由于凯尔特战士的天性，爱尔兰并不是很轻易就被入侵了。那可能是爱尔兰历史上最为血腥的时期，因为凯尔特人不喜欢被殖民，所以爱尔兰和英国之间爆发了很多斗争和战争，虽然事实上英国已经在殖民统治爱尔兰了，但那次殖民化并不容易。英国殖民统治时期最有成效的方法是在1822年推行国家教育体制。在此之前爱尔兰人上的是“露天学校”，他们在户外上课而且是由愿意教学的人来上课，人们会学习古希腊语和拉丁语，所以大部分人都会说其他的语言，当然这种学校也会教数学……而为了配合英国的殖民系统，教育体制进行了更改，这样一来在课堂上还有爱尔兰的许多地方说爱尔兰语都是违法的。现在我的家乡城市有个有意思的交易区叫“旧式英语市场”，称为“旧式英语市场”的原因是门口挂着一个牌子，上面写着：任何人说……任何说爱尔兰语而不说英语的人都要被送进监狱。所以当时的规定执行地非常严格，而且非常……我不能说那是值得称赞的方法，不过……那的确是一种非常有效的殖民方式。现在爱尔兰人既说英语也说爱尔兰语，爱尔兰是有两个官方语言的国家。所有的文件、街道名称都是用爱尔兰和英语写成的。

1922 there was what was known as the civil war and that was the beginning of the end for the English so the first Irish constitution was written in 1935 and it stated that Ireland is a neutral country so therefore Ireland did not enter World War 2 and it was declared a Republic in 1949. 1922年爆发了内战，标志着英国殖民统治的结束，爱尔兰第一部宪法于1935年完成，宪法规定爱尔兰是中立国家，所以爱尔兰没有参加第二次世界大战，1949年爱尔兰宣布成立共和国。

Todd: Thanks. That was a good history!
托德：谢谢你。这段历史很详细！