专八翻译：句子的翻译技巧

1. 确定主干
•英语句子的主干：主语--谓语
•1.1 确定主语
•1)这个地区雨水较多。
•A: It rains a lot in this area.
•B: This area sees much rain.
•C: There is much rain in this area.
•2)信不信是你自己的事。
•It is your concern whether you believe me or not.
•3)最好是等他们回来。
•It may be advisable to wait till they come back.
•4)勤能补拙。
•It is diligence that makes for deficiency.
•1.2 确定谓语
•1)在人际关系上我们不要太浪漫主义。
•We shouldn’t be too romantic about human relationships.
•2)当他活着一天，总要尽量多工作、多学习，不肯虚度年华，不让时间白白地浪费掉。
•As long as they are alive, they always work and study as hard as possible, unwilling to dream their life away, let alone waste even a single moment of their lives.
2. 语序调整
•1)钓鱼是一项能够陶冶性情的运动，有益于身心健康。
•Fishing is an outdoor sport that can help cultivate your mind and it is good for our mental and physical health.
•2)我在山坡的小屋里，悄悄掀起窗帘，窥见园中大千世界，一片喧闹。
•Without being noticed, I lifted the curtain in my small room, only to spy the bustle of a kaleidoscopic world down in the garden.
•3)一霎时，一阵被人摒弃，为世所遗忘的悲愤兜上心头，禁不住痛哭起来。
•In no time, I was thrown into a feeling of sorrowful anger at being forgotten and abandoned by the rest of the world and could not help crying my heart out.
3. 正反转换
•1)他光着脚进了屋子。
•He entered the room with no shoes on.
•2)那个房间的窗户总是关着。
•The windows of that room were never open.
•3)学习外语离不开好的词典。
•A good dictionary is indispensable for learning a foreign language.
•4)她忍住了没有笑出声。
•She refrained from laughing.
•5)我不能忍受你的脾气。
•Your temper is more than I can bear.
4. 语态对译
•1)考试后三日出榜。
•The list of successful examinees will be published three days after the exam.
•2)无可否认，他是对的。
•It cannot be denied that he is right.
•3. 我国历代的劳动人民以及大政治家、大思想家等等莫不如此。(2005)
•Such examples have been set a lot by Chinese laboring people, great statesmen and thinkers of past dynasties.
•相对论是爱因斯坦提出来的。
•The theory of relativity was put forward by Einstein.
5. 长句的翻译
•汉语：分析性为主，句子结构较松散。
•英语：综合性为主，句子结构比较严谨。
•常见汉译英技巧：
•1)原序对译(顺译法)
•2)分句合译
3)断句分译