专八翻译：词汇翻译技巧

1. 词义选择
1)在得病以前，我受父母宠爱，在家中横行霸道。
•Before I fell ill, I had been the bully under our roofs owing to my doting parents.
•横行霸道: 为所欲为，想干什么就干什么
•get everything my own way
•get all things my own way
•be bully
2)钓鱼可分为三个阶段。
•There are three states for fishing.
•“三个阶段” 在这里指钓鱼的三种境界，因此不译为 three stages。
3)他是个墙头草，谁硬就跟谁。
He always sits on the fence and falls on the side of the stronger
2. 词类转换
1)吃头两个主菜时，也是赞不绝口。
•You will be full of praise while eating the first two main courses.
2)这样，每个地方都有自己的传说，风俗也就衍传了下来。
•Thus, every place, with its own legends and folktales, has its traditions and customs passed on from generation to generation.
3)所以人们对于大自然，全都一致并深深地依赖着。
•Therefore, everyone has become unanimously and profoundly dependent on nature.
4)大自然对人的恩赐，无论贫富，一律平等。
•People, poor or rich, are equally favored by nature.
3. 词的增补
1)有水有鱼的地方大都是有好环境的，好环境便会给人好心情。
•A place with water and fish is necessarily blessed with a nice setting, which in return keeps people in good mood.
2)黄鼠狼给鸡拜年。
•The weasel goes to pay respects to the hen—not with the best of intentions.
4. 词的省略
1)种植庄稼和葡萄，酿酒和饮酒，喂牛和挤奶，锄草和栽花……
•Planting crops and grapes, brewing and drinking wines, raising and milking cows, weeding the garden and planting flowers…
2)用点画成线，用线画成平面，用平面画成立体。
•With points you can make a line; with line, planes; with planes, solids.
3)于是转怒为喜，转赞美为责备挑剔，转首肯为摇头。
•Then happiness turns to anger, praise to scolding and nit-picking, and head-nodding to head-shaking.
5. 词的替代(n, v, clause)
1)有水有鱼的地方大都是有好环境的，好环境便会给人好心情。(2001)
•A place with water and fish is necessarily blessed with a nice setting, which in return keeps people in good mood.
2)人的智力需要开发，人的内心世界也是需要开发的。(2008)
•Human intelligence needs to be developed, so does the inner world.
3)得罪了你就得罪了你。
•If you were offended, so be it.
4.你回来出席会议吗?假如不出席会议，请及早通知我们。
•Will you come to the meeting? If not, please notice us as soon as possible.