托福TOEFL词汇题精选单词题400题（20）

　　381. The simple of these is the carbon dioxide from the respiration of an ant cluster, a chemical that acts pheromone to promote aggregation.
　　The word "cluster" is closest in meaning to which of following?
　　(A) organ
　　(B) activity
　　(C) group
　　(D) cycle
　　382. Fire ants also make use of an alarm pheromone to alert workers to an emergency, and their scouts lay down a trail pheromone as a guide during mass migrations.
　　The word "alert" is closest in meaning to which of following?
　　(A) allow
　　(B) transport
　　(C) warn
　　(D) provide
　　383. A fire ant queen emits a chemical signal that identifies her to the colony's workers. They respond by scurrying to gather around her. The decomposing corpse of a dead ant also generates a signal, to which workers respond by eliminating the corpse from the nest.
　　The word "scurrying" is closest in meaning to which of following?
　　(A) agreeing
　　(B) appearing
　　(C) competing
　　(D) rushing
　　384. Rivers also reveal clay along their banks, and erosion on a hillside may make clay easily accessible.
　　The word "accessible" is closest in meaning to which of following?
　　(A) buried
　　(B) improved
　　(C) available
　　(D) workable
　　385. Variations of clay composition and the temperatures at which they are fired account for the differences in texture and appearance between a china teacup and an earthenware flowerpot.
　　The phrase "account for" is closest in meaning to which of following?
　　(A) reduce
　　(B) explain
　　(C) combine with
　　(D) list all of
　　386. One researcher observed babies and their mothers in six diverse cultures and found that, in all six languages, the mothers used simplified syntax, short utterances and nonsense sounds, and transformed certain sounds into baby talk.
　　The word "diverse" is closest in meaning to which of following?
　　(A) surrounding
　　(B) divided
　　(C) different
　　(D) stimulating
　　387. Other investigators have noted that when mothers talk to babies who are only a few months old, they exaggerate the pitch, loudness, and intensity of their words.
　　The word "noted" is closest in meaning to which of following?
　　(A) theorized
　　(B) requested
　　(C) disagreed
　　(D) observed
　　388. They also exaggerate their facial expressions, hold vowels longer, and emphasize certain words.
　　The word "emphasize" is closest in meaning to which of following?
　　(A) stress
　　(B) repeat
　　(C) explain
　　(D) leave out
　　389. When songs have been subjected to these processes, their origin is usually impossible to trace.
　　The word "subjected" is closest in meaning to which of following?
　　(A) reduced
　　(B) modified
　　(C) exposed
　　(D) imitated
　　390. This constant reshaping and re-creation is the essence of folk music. Consequently, modern popular songs and other published music, even though widely sung by people who are not professional musicians, are not considered folk music.
　　The word "essence" is closest in meaning to which of following?
　　(A) basic nature
　　(B) growing importance
　　(C) full extent
　　(D) first phase