托福写作举例分析

　　考完托福,也有时间写点东西.想就英语写作方面谈点个人的心得体会.
　　一、英语写作的特点.
　　The characteristics of formal writing
　　1.名词化趋势
　　I do not eat much.-->I am a light eater.
　　The clock on the desk reminds me of time.-->I put a clock on the desk as a reminder of time.
　　We once cried, laughed and disappointed.-->There were moments of tears, moments of laughter, and moments of disappointment.
　　注意:名词化趋势的句子当然还有动词, 目的是尽量把表达句子中心意思的那个词汇用名词表达.符合英文的习惯.
　　2.无灵主语(区别于被动语态)
　　我们中文写作中,习惯以人做主语,而英文则相反,习惯以物做主格.
　　More and more young students studied further in the past two decades.
　　-->The past two decades witnessed a growing number of young students for further study. 　　Looking out of the window, you will have a nice view.
　　-->A glance out of the window offers you a nice view.
　　注意: 名词化趋势和无灵主语常常是相结合的.
　　3.被动语态
　　这一点大家比较熟悉,不详细讲.比如:
　　Great efforts should be made to….
　　What can not be denied is that….
　　二、句式的写作:
　　Main features of English sentences:
　　1.长短句结合
　　Love is patient and kind. It is never jealous, boastful, proud or rude. It keeps no record of wrong that others do. It always protects, always fruits, always hopes, and always perseveres. Love never fails.
　　一般来讲,总结性的句子应当使用短句,而说理的句子应用长句.
　　2.并列复合句
　　这种句子属于十分难写的句子,也举一个例子:
　　He who wants to save his life will lose it, and he who loses his life for me will save it.
　　3.单一复合句 　　也就是我们常说的各种从句,不再举例.
　　三、Variety of sentences:
　　1. ”-ing & -ed” groups
　　e.g.
　　(1)Standing by the riverside, the Master sighed,” May time go on and on like this, never ceasing day and night.”
　　(2)Reviewing what one has learned and gaining new insights, one is fit to be a teacher.
　　(3)Compared with the tradition, modernity is more dynamic.
　　2. ”to do” groups
　　e.g.
　　To spend too much time in study is sloth; to use them too much for ornaments is affectation; to make any judgment wholly by their rules is the humor of the scholar.