2013年9月1日托福写作预测

　　以下是2013年9月1日托福写作预测，另包含范文，供各位考生参考。

　　综合写作plan 1

　　文章第一段说帝王蝶Monarch Butterfly冬天会从USA飞到Mexico —处过冬，第二段说她们喜欢吃一种植物叫

　　milkweed.可是农夫喜欢用除草剂杀这种植物，很多人说这样会减少帝王蝶的数目，文章观点不同意这种说法.

　　第三四五段开始反驳.

　　a没有证据说帝王蝶的数目真的减少了，只看一个地区是不准的.有些地方是减少了， 可是有些地方却增加了

　　b田里的milkweed会被杀死，可是野外还有很多.

　　c人们想要禁止除草剂是因为对帝王蝶的喜爱.这是一种情感上的偏见，而不是真的基于科学基础上的结论.

　　教授反驳：

　　a有新方法可以证明数量真的减少了.因为虽然她们的栖息地有很多个，可是冬天都飞去同一个地方，那个时候

　　再测量就很准了.结果真的有变少，而且时间点与除草剂引进的时间点相当.

　　b野外的milkweed数量少又很小棵，不够吃.

　　c听不清楚,不过提到可以先禁止除草剂再说.如果有效提升蝴蝶数量那很好，没效再废除也不迟.

　　The passage mainly discusses that there is no convincing evidence to prove that the number of monarch butterflies decreases due to the use of while the lecture refutes the opinion by saying that the evidence are collected to prove that the number of monarch butterflies are dwindling.

　　First, according to the passage, it is not accurate to judge the number of monarch butterflies by ,observing in only one arcas but the lecture totally disagree with this idea by claiming that these butterflies will migrate to a fixed place. So if the number of butterflies in this area will be detected to decrease, it is objective to conclude that these butterflies are disappearing.

　　Second, the writer points out that even though the herbicide will kill the weeds in the field, there are plenty of them in other places. On the other hand, the speakers refute that there are no enough milkweed for the butterflies to eat.

　　Finally, the passage raises the reason that people object to the use of herbicide because their affection of monarch butterflies. The lecture casts doubts on this reason by arguing that the use of herbicide should be banned first. If herbicide did not harm the butterflies, it could be used again.

　　综合写作plan 2

　　讲某一个生态环境中有物种灭绝的时候一个很好的方法是物种替代,讲类似物种引进以保持生态平衡。北美草原

　　很久前有狮子和象但是后来灭绝了，物种替代的理论是可以将非洲的狮子和大象引进以保持生态平衡。但是很

　　多人对此理论持批评态度原因有三：

　　1. 一个生态环境里的物种灭绝后可以自我修复，然后自动的变平衡，所以没必要引进类似物种

　　2.引进的物种容易侵犯和破坏其他物种和生态环境

　　3.引进物种后造成的后果是不可逆转的，可能会产生破坏性结果。

　　讲课反驳了以上三点：

　　1.很多地方的生态环境在物种灭绝后难以恢复平衡，尤其是岛屿上的生态环境。讲了毛里求斯岛屿的巨龟灭绝

　　后带来很严重影响，必须通过物种替代来解决问题。

　　2.引进物种不会侵犯其他物种破坏生态环球。因为引进的物种和灭绝的物种是类似的物种之所以灭绝是因为很

　　敏感和脆弱，因为新引进的物种和灭绝的物种一样所以也会很敏感很脆弱。不会有破坏作用。

　　3.后果可以逆转，因为引进的物种以大型动物为主，如果他们有破坏作用可以很容易跟踪并找到这些动物。

　　综合写作plan 3

　　那个program的名字忘了。

　　阅读部分说 companies offer this program by helping employees reach the heathly life and to improve the profit of the company.this program can help workers quit smoke and lose weight. people can get more holiday days. ( forget another point) 3. company can save the cost because employess will work more effectively .

　　听力部分：

　　Altough people can quit smoke and lose weight, but it can only last a short period of time.

　　some people do not have time to take vocation, they need to take care of their children and family.

　　some workers would change theri job, so they will not stay in the same company very long.

　　reading部分是关于一个公司要摘incentive programs.

　　教授不同意; 理由有三：

　　1，是motivation但是会反弹，2年以后坏毛病全回来了

　　2,对奖励健康的人不公平，因为衡量abliabliy有很多因素，而且他们很忙

　　2有些东西不可控例如胖子有可能因为家里太忙没空锻炼有可能因为基因问题

　　3，长期为公司节省钱是不确定，因为很多人几年后回换公司

　　In the passage，a company is going to offer incentive programs, which is a measure taken to help employees reach the healthy life and improve the profit of the company. However, the lecturer refutes those point of views.

　　The passage asserts that this program can help workers quit smoke and lose weight. However, the lecturer argues that it is a good way to motivate the workers , but the bad habits will come back in two years. Moreover，according to the professor, it is unfair to the healthy people, as a lot of factors are supposed to be taken into consideration. Besides, they are busy doing their work every day In addition, some factors are not that easy to control. For instance; chances are that some fat people may be too busy at home to take exercise, as they need to take care of their children and family. Besides, the gene is another factor contributing to their over weight.

　　Last but not the least, contrary to the belief in the passage that company can save the cost because employers will work more effectively, the professor asserts that it is uncertain to save money for the companies in that some workers would change their job and they will not stay in the same company very long. (216)

　　综合写作plan 4

　　给了一篇文章和两幅图。说实话，绝大多数说什么我都不懂，就知道说是鲸鱼的鳍有两种，分别是什么。之后

　　给了3个原因，为什么会出现这两种不同的鳍。

　　第一个原因是有的海里的鲸鱼直着游，鳍两边的肌肉受力和用力一直，所以两面肌肉一样发达。如果转圈游，

　　两边肌肉就用力不均，一边发达，一边不发达，所以鳍就倒了。

　　第二个原因是说关于营养的差别。

　　第三个原因是说水压的差别。

　　然后，一个教授出来了，给了一段演讲，彻底不同意这三种理论。

　　第一个理论，教授说，转圈游的鲸鱼不是总向一面转圈的，也向另一个方向转。所以不存在用力不均匀的问题。

　　第二个，(一走神过去了)。好像是说，如果是营养的问题，不光牵扯到鳍，还会牵扯到其他的。我好像也听

　　到说，大海中的鲸鱼也是吃不同的东西的，所以营养问题不是决定因素。第三，关于水压。教授说，鲸鱼即使

　　在海里，也有在深海和浅海的区别，水压也是不同的。然后举了一个新西兰附近鲸鱼的例子。教授问，如果水

　　压是决定性因素，为什么新西兰会有这种类型的鲸鱼。