搞定细节题,你需要这份攻略
托福听力细节题是托福听力Lecture部分常考题型之一,也是非常关键的一类题型。想要完美hold住这一题型,我们需要了解正确选项的特征、干扰项的特点、以及官方对" 细节 "的要求才能更好地按步骤解题。
首先我们来了解一下托福听力细节题正确答案的特点,一般来说包括以下四点:synonym同义词替换、paraphrase句子改写、consistent和主旨内容保持一致、objective 科学客观。而相对应的干扰项特点一般是:exactly the same 有若干词和原文一样,但整体句意不同、inconsistent 和主旨内容差别太大、incongruous 信息不同步、subjective主观极端。把握住正确选项和干扰项的大致特征对我们正确解题会大有裨益。接下来我们需要了解一下托福听力官方对细节的限定:
-important-directly or indirectly related to the main ideas-providing elaboration, examples and support-sometimes related to a long digression.
我们通过官方这个定义可以发现,托福听力材料中细节的作用是展开和支持,它的意义是依附于上下文语境存在的,或是对概念的解释和说明,或是具体事例的补充。
一般而言,托福听力细节题的处理有三大步骤:抓住主旨;确定细节出现的位置;理解细节前后的信息。听的过程中,我们思考和记录的不是具体数字是多少,地点在哪里,或者人名的拼写,而是思考教授举例想要说明什么,例子前后的分析都是什么。
下面我们来看几道例题:
例1 TPO28 Lecture4 Archaeology
30/34 What points does the professor make about mound sites?
A.They are easier to excavate than other types of archaeological sites
B.They often provide information about several generations of people.
C. They often contain evidence of trade.
D. Most have been found in what are now desert areas.
以上的细节题,即便我们还没有听得很仔细,我们也是可以轻松选出答案的,因为:
- 听力讲座的主旨是研究遗址中发现一个古老文明的存在
- trade是后面才出现的信息
- 排除掉只是细节描述的选项
例2 TPO21 Lecture3 Biology
27/34. Why does the professor mention the brown tree snake?
A. To support a hypothesis about the evolution of constrictor snakes
B. To support a hypothesis that venomous snakes evolved from constrictor snakes
C. To give an example of a snake species that was never venomous
D. To give an example of a type of snake that can change its color
解题思路:
- 听力讲座的主旨是通过分析毒液的DNA而进一步了解蛇的进化过程
- 排除掉过于极端的
- 排除掉没有出现的观点
例3 TPO29 Lecture1 Ecology
7/34 According to the professor, in what way is the soil in forested areas generally different from soil in other areas?
A. In forested areas, the soil tends to be warmer and moister.
B. In forested areas, the chemistry of the soil changes more rapidly.
C. In forested areas, there is usually more variability in soil types
D. In forested areas, there is generally more acid in the soil.
解题思路:
- 听力讲座的主旨是分析古老森林中土壤多样性的成因及其应用
- 排除掉信息不同步的
- 排除掉没有出现的观点
托福听力细节题的备考重在练习与反思,大家要注意结合我们分享的解题步骤、正确选项与干扰项的特征进行充分练习,最大化利用托福听力真题资源,实现托福听力能力与分数的同步提升。
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