看两会学词汇：盘点2013两会各种高频词

党的十八大之后召开的首次全国两会于3月17日胜利闭幕。会议期间，一些关乎社会热点的词汇频繁出现在小组讨论和全体大会上，引发人们的关注。这些词反映了目前社会上最关心的热点、焦点问题，也折射着中国发展的新走向。

1. 中国梦 Chinese dream

自十八大以来，中国梦就成为各界热议的话题，也是两会期间代表委员们被问及最多的一个话题。

习近平主席在全国人大第十二届一次会议闭幕讲话中说：“我们必须再接再厉、一往无前，继续把中国特色社会主义事业推向前进，继续为实现中华民族伟大复兴的中国梦而努力奋斗。”

“We must make persistent efforts, press ahead with indomitable will, continue to push forward the great cause of socialism with Chinese characteristics, and strive to achieve the Chinese dream of great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.”

2. 换届 leadership transition

全国人大第十二届一次会议结束，选举产生了新一届国家领导人，顺利完成换届。

以下为外电有关换届的报道引语：

China’s new leaders promise cleaner government, less red tape and more fairness to enlarge a still small middle class and help private businesses as congress wraps up leadership transition.

代表大会完成换届，中国的新领导人许诺要建立更清廉的政府、减少官僚作风、增强公平，同时要扩大中产阶级人群并扶持私营企业。

3. 硬骨头，涉险滩 gnawing at a hard bone and wading through a dangerous shoal

3月5日下午，习近平总书记参加上海代表团审议时强调，改革要“敢于啃硬骨头，敢于涉险滩”。这是总书记考察广东之后，第二次讲这句话。

“We must have the courage like gnawing at a hard bone and wading through a dangerous shoal.”

4. 大部制改革 restructure central government offices

此次大部制改革中，国务院组成部门由原来的27个减少到25个，另有几个机构和部门也将重组。

下面来看看此次大部制改革的具体内容和英文说法：

铁道部“拆分”，实行铁路政企分开。

Under the plan, the Ministry of Railways will be split with its regulatory powers going to the Ministry of Transport while its commercial operations will be run by a company.

组建国家食品药品监督管理总局。

To improve food and drug safety, the government restructuring program upgrades the State Food and Drug Administration to ministry level to give it more power.

组建国家新闻出版广播电影电视总局。

Two media regulators, the State Administration of Press and Publication and the State Administration of Radio, Film and Television, are being merged to oversee press, publication, radio, film and television.

组建国家卫生和计划生育委员会。

The National Health and Family Planning Commission will come into existence through the merger of the Health Ministry with the National Population and Family Planning Commission.

重新组建国家海洋局。

Other important changes include restructuring the oceanic administration to enhance maritime law enforcement and protect marine resources.

重新组建国家能源局。

A regulatory body that sets electricity rates will be absorbed into the National Energy Administration.

7. 新会风 new working style

新一届中央领导集体就改进工作作风提出八项要求，包括condense meetings（精简会议）、reduce traffic control during inspection tours（视察时减少交通管制），以及practice thrift（厉行节约）等。

全国人大代表徐新荣：少了鲜花、礼仪、横幅，不封路，政府工作报告压缩到1.6万字以内——两会新会风是中央转变作风“八项规定”的延伸。

8. PM 2.5  particulate matter smaller than 2.5 micrometers in diameter

PM2.5就是指“可入肺颗粒物”，PM的英文全称为particulate matter（微粒物、悬浮微粒），PM2.5就是指大气中直径小于或等于2.5微米的颗粒物。

政府工作报告中首次提及PM2.5监测指标，并强调解决污染问题“用实际行动让人民看到希望”，此后修改政府工作报告时又在“实际行动”之后加上“成效”二字，表明了治污的决心。

9. 两个“同步”  increase/grow in step with

城乡居民人均收入实际增长与经济增长同步，劳动报酬增长和劳动生产率提高同步。

The government will work to ensure that real per capita income for urban and rural residents increases in step with economic growth and labor remuneration grows in step with increase of productivity.

10. 权力之笼 Power should be restricted by a cage of regulations

习近平总书记在中纪委第二次全体会议上讲话时指出,要加强对权力运行的制约和监督,把权力关进制度的笼子里,形成不敢腐的惩戒机制、不能腐的防范机制、不易腐的保障机制。

Xi ordered enhanced restraint and supervision on the use of power. He said, "Power should be restricted by a cage of regulations." A disciplinary, prevention and guarantee mechanism should be set up to ensure that people do not dare to, are not able to and can not easily commit corruption, Xi said.

11. 大城市病 metropolitan/urban malaise

我国已进入“大城市病”集中爆发期，治本之策在于城镇化。城市群的建设将是新一轮城镇化的重要走向。通过推进城市群建设，发展一批布局合理、功能完善的中小城市，改变城市体系“头重脚轻”态势，减缓特大城市人口膨胀压力。

李克强总理在答中外记者问时说：“要注意防止城市病,不能一边是高楼林立,一边是棚户连片。”

"We need to prevent the urban malaise and avoid the situation in which high-rises co-exist with shantytowns."

12. 安全奶粉 safe infant formula

因香港近日颁布“奶粉限带令”，两会上卫生部部长、国家工商总局局长遭遇记者“狂轰滥炸”式追问，核心都是食品安全问题。

The government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region has cracked down on cross-border parallel trading in infant milk formula to ensure local stores don't run out of stock. The new regulation, starting from March 1, allows a person leaving the city to carry a maximum of two cans, or 1.8 kilograms, of infant formula.

香港特别行政区政府已经开始打击婴儿配方奶粉的跨境平行交易，以保证当地商店的奶粉供应。从3月1日起实行新规定，离港人士可携带净重不超过1.8公斤（约两罐）的婴儿配方奶粉。