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职称英语考试2003年卫生类B级考试试题
2008-04-07来源:
A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned 第3部分:概括大意与完成句子(第23~ 30题,每题1分,共8分)阅读下面这篇短文,短文后有2项测试任务:(1)第23~26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2,3,5和6段每段选择1个正确的小标题;(2)第27~30题要求从所给的6个选项中选择4个正确选项,分别完成每个句子。请将答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。
第一篇 Giving Up SmokingA number of devices are available to help a person quit smoking. Nicotine(尼古丁) patches are small, nicotine-containing adhesive(粘着性的) discs applied to the skin. The nicotine is slowly absorbed through the skin and enters the bloodstream. Over time, the nicotine dose is reduced and eventually the desire for nicotine is eased. Nicotine gum works in a similar manner, providing small doses of nicotine when chewed.The benefits of giving up smoking include the immediate reduction of harm to the health of the smoking and easily admission to social activities and institutions that ban smoking. In a 1988 report, the U.S. Surgeon General declared cigarette smoking to be more harmful and expensive than the use of cocaine (可卡因), alcohol, or heroin. Recent evidence supports this claim.The United States government has collected a special tax on cigarettes for several decades. The rate rose from 8 cents per pack of 20 cigarettes in 1951 to 24 cents per pack in 1993. In other developed countries, the cigarette tax rate is much higher, ranging from 50 percent in Switzerland to 85 percent in Denmark.In the United States, the first direct action to check smoking was the regulation of a warming on cigarette packages by the Federal Trade Commission. This warning took effect in 1964 and was strengthened in 1969 to read:“Warning: The Surgeon General Has Determined That Cigarette Smoking Is Dangerous to Your Health.”In 1971 all cigarette advertising was banned from radio and television, and cities and states passed laws requiring nonsmoking sections in public places and workplaces. 31.Which of the following can help a person quit smoking?A. Using nicotine patches.B. Reading cigarette advertisements.C. Chewing ordinary gum.D. Participating in social activities.32. Nicotine gum is used to help a smokerA. stop smokingB. reduce weightC. clean his teethD. absorb nicotine immediately33. The benefits of giving up smoking include all the following EXCEPTA. the reduction of expenses.B. the formation of a good habit.C. the reduction of harm to one’s health.D. easier access to institutions that ban smoking.34. Which of the following is said to be the most expensive and harmful?A. Consuming alcohol.B. Using heroin.C. Smoking cigarettes.D. Taking cocaine.35. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a step to control smoking?A. Collecting a special tax on cigarettes.B. Forbidding smoking in all public places.C. Banning cigarette advertising from radio and TV.D. Requiring a warning on each cigarette package.第二篇 Effects of Exercise on Elderly Diabetics(糖尿病人) Most older people with so-called type II diabetes(糖尿病) could stop taking insulin(胰岛素) if they would do brisk exercise for 30 minutes just there times a week , according to new medical research results reported in a Copenhagen newspaper, Results from tests conducted on diabetics at the Copenhagen central hospital Rigshospitalet’s Center for Muscle Research showed that physical exercise can boost the body’s ability to make use of insulin by 30 per cent. This is equal to the effect most elderly diabetics get from their insulin medication(药物治疗) today.Researchers had a group of non-diabetic men and a group of men with type II diabetes, all more than 60 years of age, exercise on bicycles six times a week for three months. After the three months the doctors measured how much sugar the test subjects’ muscles could make use of as a measure for how well their insulin worked.Associate Professor Dr Flemming Dela of the Muscle Research Center said the tests demonstrated that the exercising diabetics had made as good use of insulin as the healthy non-diabetic persons. “This means that the insulin works just as well for both group. Physical exercise cannot cure people of diabetes, but it can eliminate almost all their symptoms. At the same time it can put off the point at which they have to begin taking insulin,” Dela said.Insulin is a hormone produced by the pancreas(胰腺) , controlling sugar in the body and is used against diabetes.Dela said that to achieve the desired effect diabetics need only exercise to the point where they begin to sweat, but that the activity has to be maintained since it wears off after five days without sufficient exercise.Most diabetics realize that they have to watch their diet while remaining unaware of the importance of exercise, Dela added. 36. What is the effect of exercise on elderly people with type II diabetes?A. It can worsen their symptoms.B. It can help the body make better use of insulin.C. It can help them to eat more.D. It can cure them of the disease.37. The exercise that the researchers tried on their test subjects was A. cycling six times a week for three months.B. walking briskly for thirty minutes three times a week.C. swimming twice a day.D. running once a day.38. The researchers checked how well the test subjects’ insulin worked by measuringA. the blood sugar level in their bodies.B. the length of time they could cycle in one breath.C. the amount of sugar their muscles could make use of.D. the amount of insulin they took.39. It is recommended that diabetics maintain sufficient exercise since otherwiseA. their symptoms will get worse.B. the blood sugar level will go up.C. their condition will be out of control.D. the desired effect cannot be achieved.40. It can be seen from the passage that most diabetics are ignorant of A. the significance of regular exercise.B. the necessity of watching their diet.C. the need to control their weight.D. the consequences of taking too much insulin.第三篇 First AidFirst aid is emergency care for a victim of sudden illness or injury until more skillful medical treatment is available. It may save a life or improve certain vital signs including pulse, temperature, a clear airway(气道),and breathing , in minor emergencies, first aid may prevent a victim’s condition form turning worse and provide relief from pain. First aid must be administered as quickly as possible. In the case of the critically injured, a few minutes can make the difference between complete recovery and loss of life.First-aid measures depend upon a victim’s needs and the provider’s level of knowledge and skill. Knowing what not to do in an emergency is as important as knowing what to do. Improperly moving a person with a neck injury, for example, can lead to permanent spinal(脊柱的) injury and paralysis(瘫痪).
Friendly Relations with the People Around
You depend on all the people closely around you to give you the warm feeling of belongingness (归属)that you must have to feel secure. But, in fact, the members of all the groups to which you belong also depend on you to give that feeling to them, a person who shows that he wants everything for himself is bound (一定的) to be a lonely wolf. The need for companionship is closely related to the need for a sense of belongingness. How sad and lonely your life would be if you had no one to share your feelings and experiences. You may take it for granted that there always will be people around to talk to and to do things with you and for you. The important point, however, is that keeping emotionally healthy does not depend so much on having people around you as upon your ability to establish relationships that are satisfying both to you and to them. Suppose you are in a crowd watching a football game. You don't know them. when the game is over, you will go your separate ways. But just for a while you had a feeling of companionship, of sharing the feeling of others who were cheering for the team you wanted to win. An experience of this kind gives the clue(线索) to what companionship really is. It depends upon emotional ties of sympathy, understanding, trust, and affection. Companionships become friends when these ties are formed. When you are thrown in a new circle of acquaintance(熟人), you may not know with whom you will make friends, but you can be sure that you will be able to establish friendships if you show that you really like people.23. Paragraph 2_____.24. Paragraph 3_____.25. Paragraph 4_____.26. Paragraph 5_____.A. Close link between companionship and belongingnessB. How to satisfy other people's needsC. An example of a satisfying relationshipD. Difficulties in establishing friendshipsE. What companionship really isF. Making friends with new acquaintances 27. If you had no one to share your feelings, your life would be____.28. The warm feelings of belongingness may give you ____.29. The ability to establish fine relations with others will keep you ____.30. You will find it hard to make friends with people ____. A. sad and lonelyB. emotionally healthC. without real love for themD. a sense of securityE. a lonely wolfF. without pity 第4部分:阅读理解(第31~45题,每题3分,共45分)下面有3篇短文,每篇短文后有5道题,每道题后面有4个选项。请根据文章的内容,从每题所给的4个选项中选择个最佳答案,涂在答题卡相应的位置上。第一篇 Giving Up SmokingA number of devices are available to help a person quit smoking. Nicotine(尼古丁) patches are small, nicotine-containing adhesive(粘着性的) discs applied to the skin. The nicotine is slowly absorbed through the skin and enters the bloodstream. Over time, the nicotine dose is reduced and eventually the desire for nicotine is eased. Nicotine gum works in a similar manner, providing small doses of nicotine when chewed.The benefits of giving up smoking include the immediate reduction of harm to the health of the smoking and easily admission to social activities and institutions that ban smoking. In a 1988 report, the U.S. Surgeon General declared cigarette smoking to be more harmful and expensive than the use of cocaine (可卡因), alcohol, or heroin. Recent evidence supports this claim.The United States government has collected a special tax on cigarettes for several decades. The rate rose from 8 cents per pack of 20 cigarettes in 1951 to 24 cents per pack in 1993. In other developed countries, the cigarette tax rate is much higher, ranging from 50 percent in Switzerland to 85 percent in Denmark.In the United States, the first direct action to check smoking was the regulation of a warming on cigarette packages by the Federal Trade Commission. This warning took effect in 1964 and was strengthened in 1969 to read:“Warning: The Surgeon General Has Determined That Cigarette Smoking Is Dangerous to Your Health.”In 1971 all cigarette advertising was banned from radio and television, and cities and states passed laws requiring nonsmoking sections in public places and workplaces. 31.Which of the following can help a person quit smoking?A. Using nicotine patches.B. Reading cigarette advertisements.C. Chewing ordinary gum.D. Participating in social activities.32. Nicotine gum is used to help a smokerA. stop smokingB. reduce weightC. clean his teethD. absorb nicotine immediately33. The benefits of giving up smoking include all the following EXCEPTA. the reduction of expenses.B. the formation of a good habit.C. the reduction of harm to one’s health.D. easier access to institutions that ban smoking.34. Which of the following is said to be the most expensive and harmful?A. Consuming alcohol.B. Using heroin.C. Smoking cigarettes.D. Taking cocaine.35. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a step to control smoking?A. Collecting a special tax on cigarettes.B. Forbidding smoking in all public places.C. Banning cigarette advertising from radio and TV.D. Requiring a warning on each cigarette package.第二篇 Effects of Exercise on Elderly Diabetics(糖尿病人) Most older people with so-called type II diabetes(糖尿病) could stop taking insulin(胰岛素) if they would do brisk exercise for 30 minutes just there times a week , according to new medical research results reported in a Copenhagen newspaper, Results from tests conducted on diabetics at the Copenhagen central hospital Rigshospitalet’s Center for Muscle Research showed that physical exercise can boost the body’s ability to make use of insulin by 30 per cent. This is equal to the effect most elderly diabetics get from their insulin medication(药物治疗) today.Researchers had a group of non-diabetic men and a group of men with type II diabetes, all more than 60 years of age, exercise on bicycles six times a week for three months. After the three months the doctors measured how much sugar the test subjects’ muscles could make use of as a measure for how well their insulin worked.Associate Professor Dr Flemming Dela of the Muscle Research Center said the tests demonstrated that the exercising diabetics had made as good use of insulin as the healthy non-diabetic persons. “This means that the insulin works just as well for both group. Physical exercise cannot cure people of diabetes, but it can eliminate almost all their symptoms. At the same time it can put off the point at which they have to begin taking insulin,” Dela said.Insulin is a hormone produced by the pancreas(胰腺) , controlling sugar in the body and is used against diabetes.Dela said that to achieve the desired effect diabetics need only exercise to the point where they begin to sweat, but that the activity has to be maintained since it wears off after five days without sufficient exercise.Most diabetics realize that they have to watch their diet while remaining unaware of the importance of exercise, Dela added. 36. What is the effect of exercise on elderly people with type II diabetes?A. It can worsen their symptoms.B. It can help the body make better use of insulin.C. It can help them to eat more.D. It can cure them of the disease.37. The exercise that the researchers tried on their test subjects was A. cycling six times a week for three months.B. walking briskly for thirty minutes three times a week.C. swimming twice a day.D. running once a day.38. The researchers checked how well the test subjects’ insulin worked by measuringA. the blood sugar level in their bodies.B. the length of time they could cycle in one breath.C. the amount of sugar their muscles could make use of.D. the amount of insulin they took.39. It is recommended that diabetics maintain sufficient exercise since otherwiseA. their symptoms will get worse.B. the blood sugar level will go up.C. their condition will be out of control.D. the desired effect cannot be achieved.40. It can be seen from the passage that most diabetics are ignorant of A. the significance of regular exercise.B. the necessity of watching their diet.C. the need to control their weight.D. the consequences of taking too much insulin.第三篇 First AidFirst aid is emergency care for a victim of sudden illness or injury until more skillful medical treatment is available. It may save a life or improve certain vital signs including pulse, temperature, a clear airway(气道),and breathing , in minor emergencies, first aid may prevent a victim’s condition form turning worse and provide relief from pain. First aid must be administered as quickly as possible. In the case of the critically injured, a few minutes can make the difference between complete recovery and loss of life.First-aid measures depend upon a victim’s needs and the provider’s level of knowledge and skill. Knowing what not to do in an emergency is as important as knowing what to do. Improperly moving a person with a neck injury, for example, can lead to permanent spinal(脊柱的) injury and paralysis(瘫痪).