2006职称英语考试模全真拟试题 理工类C级第一套

一部分：词汇选择（第1-15题，每题1分，共15分）
下面共有15句子，每个句子均有一个词或短语划有底横线，请从每个句子后面所给的四个选项中选择一个与划线部分意义最相近的词或短语。答案一律涂在答题卡相应的位置上。

1 There's no fun in spending the whole evening playing cards.
A enjoyment B strength C temper D excitement

2 On Thanksgiving in the United States, families gather and give thanks for the blessing(祝福) of the past year.
A pick up B come together C compete D correspond

3.The Klondike was the scene of one of the biggest gold rushes the world has ever known.
A) location B)view
C) event D)landscape

4. Of the reptile groups, the snake group was the final one to appear.
A) last B)best
C) ugliest D)longest

5.Universities usually give diplomas or certificates to students who complete course requirements adequately.
A) responsibly B)sufficiently
C) patiently D)successfully

6.A will is a document written to ensure that the wishes of the deceased (adj.已故的)are realized.
A) fulfilled B) accepted
C) adopted D) received

7. She has been the subject of massive media coverage.
A) extensive B) negative
C) expensive D)active

8.The conference explored the possibility of closer trade links.
A) rejected B) investigated
C)proposed D)postponed

9. What were the effects of the decision she made?
A) reasons B)results
C) causes D)bases

10. The sea was calm and still.
A) quite B)quiet
C) yet D)rough

11. In a bullfight, it is the movement, not the color, of objects that arouses the bull.
A) confuses B)excites
C) scares D)satisfies

12. Mary called me up very late last night.
A) shouted at me B)visited me
C) telephoned me D)waked me

13. Mary gets up at the same time every morning.
A) rises B)raises
C) arrives D)awakes

14. The committee comprises five persons.
A) absorbs B)concerns
A) excludes D)involves

15. All the people assembled at Mary's house.
A) collected B)fixed
C) asserted D)assist

第二部分：阅读判断（每题1分，共七分）
阅读下面这篇短文，短文后列出了七个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子作出判断。如果该句提供的是正确信息，请在答题卡上把A涂黑；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请在答题卡上把B涂黑；如果该句的信息文章中没有提及，请在答题卡上把C涂黑

Plants in Desert

Only special plants can survive the terrible climate of a desert, for these are regions when the annual range of the soil temperature can be over 75C. Furthermore, during the summer there are few clouds in the sky to protect plans from the sun's ray. Another problem is the fact that there are frequently strong winds that drive small, sharp particles of sand into the plants, tearing and damaging them. The most difficult problem for all forms of plant life, however, is the fact that the entire annual rainfall occurs during a few days or weeks in spring.
Grasses and flowers in desert survive from one year to the next by existing through the long, hot, dry season in the form of seeds. These seeds remain inactive unless the right amount of rain falls. If no rain falls, or if insufficient rain falls, they wait until the next year, or even still the next. Another factor that helps these plants to survive is the fact that their life cycles are short. By the time the water from the spring rains disappears -- just a few weeks after it falls -- such plants no longer need any.
The perennials（多年生植物） have special features that enable them to survive as plants for several years. Thus, nearly all desert perennials have extensive root systems below ground and a small shoot system above ground. The large root network enables the plant to absorb as much water as possible in short time. The small shoot system, on the other hand, considerably limits water loss by evaporation.
Another feature of many perennials is that after the rainy season they lose their leaves in preparation for the long, dry season, just as trees in wetter climates lose theirs in preparation for the winter. This reduces their water loss by evaporation（蒸发） during the dry season. Then, in next rainy season, they come fully alive once more, and grow new branches, leaves and flowers, just as the grasses and flowers in desert do.

1. Ordinary plants are unable to survive in the desert mainly because of the changeable weather.
A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned
2. Grasses and flowers in desert are unable to survive because they stay in the form of seeds to wait for the right amount of water to come.
A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned
3. Grasses and flowers in the desert whose life cycles are short shows their ability to adapt to the quick disappearance of rainwater there after it falls in spring.
A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned
4. Winter is the toughest season for the grasses and flowers to survive.
A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned
5. The shoot system of perennials can help the plants absorb less of the sun's ray.
A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned
6. The theme of the second last paragraph is why the perennials can survive as plants for several years.
A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned
7. Desert perennials lose their leaves after the rainy season just as trees in wetter climates lose theirs in wetter climates because winter arrives, but the reasons for this features are different.
A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned

第三部分：概括大意与完成句子 （每题1分，共8分）
阅读下面这篇短文，短文后有2项测试任务：（1）1---4 题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2--5 段每段选择1个正确的小标题；（2）第5--8题要求从所给的6个选项中选择4个正确的选项，分别完成每个句子。请将答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。

Adult Education

1 Voluntary learning in organized courses by mature men and women is called adult education. Such education is offered to make people able to enlarge and interpret their experience as adults. Adults may want to study something which they missed in earlier schooling, get new skills or job training, find out about new technological developments, seek better self-understanding, or develop new talents and skills.
2 This kind of education may be in the form of self-study with proper guidance through the use of libraries, correspondence courses, or broadcasting. It may also be acquired collectively in schools and colleges, study groups, workshops, clubs and professional associations.
3 Modern adult education for large numbers of people started in the 18th and 19th centuries with the rise of the Industrial Revolution. Great economic and social changes were taking place: people were moving from rural areas to cities; new types of work were being created in an expanding factory system. These and other factors produced a need for further education and re-education of adults.
4 The earliest programs of organized adult education arose in Great Britain in the 1790s, with the founding of an adult school in Nottingham and a mechanics' institution in Glasgow. Benjamin Franklin and some friends found the earliest adult education institution in the U.S. in Philadelphia in 1727.
5 People recognize that continued learning is necessary for most forms of employment today. For example, parts of the adult population in many countries find it necessary to take part in retraining programs at work or even to learn completely new jobs. Adult education programs are springing up constantly to meet these and other needs.

1. Paragraph 2___________ A. Necessity for developing adult education
B. Early days of adult education
2. Paragraph 3 ___________ C. Ways of receiving adult education
D. Growth of adult education
3. Paragraph 4 ___________ E. Institutions of adult education
F. Definition of adult education
4. Paragraph 5 ___________

5. Some adults want to learn _____________.

6. There are various forms of adult education, including _____________.

7. Adult education has been made necessary by _____________.

8. The earliest organized adult education originated in _____________.

A. by social and economic changes
B. guided self-study and correspondence courses
C. by studying together with children
D. what they did not manage to learn earlier
E. dates back to the eighteenth century
F. mass production

第四部分：阅读理解（每题3分，共45分）
下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题，每道题后面有4个选项。请仔细阅读短文并根据短文回答其后面的问题，从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。

第1篇
Medical Journals
Medical journals are publications that report medical information to physicians and other health professionals．
In the past，these journals were available only in print．With the development of electronic publishing，many medical journals now have Web sites on the Internet，and some journals publish only online．A few medical journals，like the Journal of the American Medical Association，are considered general medical journals because they cover many fields of medicine．Most medical journals are specialty journals that focus on a particular area of medicine．
Medical journals publish many types of articles．Research articles report the results of research studies on a range of topics varying from the basic mechanisms of diseases to clinical trials that compare outcomes of different treatments．Review articles summarize and analyze the information available on a specific topic based on a careful search of the medical literature．
Because the results of individual research studies can be affected by many factors，combining results from different studies on the same topic can be helpful in reaching conclusions about the scientific evidence for preventing，diagnosing or treating a particular disease．Case conferences and case reports may be published in medical journals to educate physicians about particular illnesses and how to treat at them．Editorials in medical journals are short essays that express the views of the authors，often regarding a research or review article published in the same issue．
Editorials provide perspective on how the current article fits with other information on the same topic．Letters to the editor provide a way for readers of the medical journal to express comments， questions or criticisms about articles published in that journal．
1． The main readers of medical journals are
A)the general public．
B1healthprofessionals． ，
C)medical critics．
D、news reporters．
2． Which of the following statements is NOT true?
A) Many medical journals also publish online．
B)A few medical journals are general medical journals．
C)Most medical journals publish only online．
D)Most medical journals are specialty journals．
3. How many major types of articles are mentioned in the passage?
A、Five．
B)Seven．
C)Four．
D)Six．
4. An article dealing with results from different studies on the same topic is called
A)a research article．
B)a review article．
C)a case report．
D)an editorial．
5．Letters to the editor enable readers of a medical journal to express comments on
A)any medical event．
B) articles published in the same issue．
C)articles published in that journal
D)medical development．

第2篇
Adaptation of Living Things

Certain animals and plants develop characteristics that help them cope with their environment better than others of their kind. This natural biological process is called adaptation. Among the superior characteristics developed through adaptation are those that may help in getting food or shelter, in providing protection, and in producing and protecting the young. That results in the evolution of more and more organisms that are better fitted to their environments.
Each living thing is adapted to its way of life in a general way, but each is adapted especially to its own distinct class. A plant, for example, depends upon its roots to fix itself firmly and to absorb water and inorganic chemicals. It depends upon its green leaves for using the sun's energy to make food from inorganic chemicals. These are general adaptations, common to most plants. In addition, there are special adaptations that only certain kinds of plants have.
Many animals have adaptations that help them escape from their enemies. Some insects are hidden by their body color or shape, and many look like a leaf or a little branch. The coats of deer are colored to mix with the surroundings. Many animals have the ability to remain completely still when an enemy is near.
Organisms have a great variety of ways of adapting. They may adapt in their structure, function, and genetics; in their development and production of the young; and in other respects. An organism may create its won environment, as do warm-blooded mammals, which have the ability to adjust body heat exactly to maintain their ideal temperature despite changing weather. Usually adaptations are an advantage, but sometimes an organism is so well adapted to a particular environment that, if conditions change, it finds it difficult or impossible to readapt to the new conditions.

1. Some plants and animals develop superior characteristics so that they may
A. help others of their kind get food, shelter and other things needed.
B. survive even in extremely severe conditions
C. become better adapted to the environments than others of their kind.
D. result in the evolution and production of more intelligent organisms.

2. In the first paragraph, the word "environments" could best be replaced by
A. contexts
B. surroundings
C. neighbors
D. enemies

3. It can be inferred from this passage that the feathers of a bird care colored
A. to frightened its enemies.
B. to attract its enemies
C. to adjust its body heat
D. to match its environment

4. Which of the following is not directly mentioned?
A. A living thing may adapt in its structure.
B. An organism may adapt in its function.
C. A living creature may adapt in its genetic makeup.
D. A living organism may adapt in its sleeping habit.

5. The author cites the behavior of warm-blooded mammals in order to illustrate which of the following?
A. A living thing may have the ability to create an environment of its own
B. A living creature may have the ability to remain still when an enemy is near.
C. A living creature may have the ability to make food from its inorganic chemicals
D. A living creature may have the ability to change the color of its skin.

第3篇

Ford Abandons Electric Vehicles

The Ford motor company’s abandonment of electric cars effectively signals the end of the road for the technology，analysts say．
General Motors。and Honda’ceased production of battery．powered cars in 1 999, to focus on fuel cell and hybrid electric gasoline engines, which are more attractive to the consumer．Ford has now announced it will do the same．
Three years ago．the company introduced the Think City two—seater car and a golf cart called the THINK, or Think Neighbor．It hoped to sell 5，000 cars each year and 10，000 carts．But a lack of demand means only about l，000 of the cars have been produced，and less than 1。700 carts have been sold so far in 2002．
“The bottom line is we don’t believe that this is the future of environment transport for the mass market．”Tim Holmes of Ford Europe said on Friday．“We feel we have given electric our best shot”
The Think City has a range of only about 53 miles and up to a six-hour battery recharge time．General Motors’EVI electric vehicle also had a limited range。of about 100 miles．
The very expensive batteries also mean electric cars cost much more than petrol-powered alternatives．An electric Toyot~RAV4 EV vehicle costs over$42，000 in the US,compared with just $17，000 for the petrol version．Toyota and Nissan…are now the only major automanufacturers to produce electric vehicles．
“There is a feeling that battery electric has been given its chance．Ford now has to move on with its hybrid program“，and that is what we will be judging them on，”Roger Higman，a senior transport campaigner at UK Friends of the Earth，told the Environment News Service．
Hybrid cars introduced by Toyota and Honda in the past few years have sold well．Hybrid engines Offer Greater mileage than petrol—only engines , and the batteries recharge themselves. Ford says it thinks such vehicles will help it meet planned new guidelines“on vehicle emissions” in the U.S.
However,it is not yet clear exactly what those guidelines will permit．In June，General Motors and Daimler Chrysler won a court injunction，delaying by two years Californian legislation requiring car—makers to offer 100，000 zero-emission and other low—emission vehicles in the state by 2003．Car manufacturers hope the legislation will be rewritten to allow for more low--emission，rather than zero—emission，vehicles．
1． What have the Ford motor company．General Motor’s and Honda done concerning electric cars?
A)They have started to produce electric cars．
B)They have done extensive research on electric Cars
C They have given up producing electric cars．
D)They have produced thousands of electric Cars

2． According to Tim Holmes of Ford Europe，battery-powered cars
A)will be the main transportation vehicles in the future
B1 will not be the main transportation vehicles in the future．
C)will be good to the environment in the future
D)will replace petrol—powered vehicles in the future．

3. Which auto manufacturers are still producing electric vehicles?
A)Toyota and Nissan
B)General Motor’s and Honda
C)Ford and Toyota
D)Honda and Toyota

4．According to the eighth paragraph，hybrid cars
A)offer fewer mileage than petrol driven cars
B)run faster than petrol driven cars
C)run more miles than petrol driven cars
D)offer more batteries than petrol driven cars

5．Which of the following is true about the hope of car manufacturers according to the last paragraph?
A)Low-emission cars should be banned．
B)Only zero-emission cars are allowed to run on motorways．
C)The legislation will encourage car makers to produce more electric cars．
D)The legislation will allow more 10w．emission to be produced．

第五部分：补全短文（每题2分，共10分）
阅读下面的短文，文章中有5处空白，文章后有6组文字，请根据文章的内容选择5组文字，将其分别放会文章原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。请将答案涂在答题卡相应的位置。

The Building of the Pyramids

The oldest stone buildings in the world are the pyramids. __1__. There are over eighty of them scattered along the banks of the Nile, some of which are different in shape from the true pyramids. The most famous of these are the '' step " pyramid and " Bent " pyramid.
Some of the pyramids still look much the same as they must have done when they were built thousands of years ago. Most of the damage suffered by the others has been at the hands of men who were looking for treasure or, more often, for stone to use in modern buildings.__2__. These are good reasons why they can still be seen today, but perhaps the most important is that they were planned to last forever.
__3__. However, there are no writings or pictures to show us how the Egyptians planned or built the pyramids themselves. __4__. Nevertheless, by examining the actual pyramids and various tools which have been found, archaeologists have formed a fairly clear picture of them.
One thing is certain: there must have been months of careful planning before they could begin to build. __5__. You may think this would have been easy with miles and miles of empty desert around, but a pyramid could not be built just anywhere. Certain rules had to be followed, and certain problems had to be overcome.

A　The dry climate of Egypt has helped to preserve the pyramids, and their very shape have made them less likely to fall into ruin.
B It is practically certain that plans were made for the building of the pyramids because the plans of other large works have fortunately been preserved.
C The first thing they had to do was to choose a suitable place.
D Consequently, we are only able to guess at the methods used.
E Many people were killed while building the pyramids.
F They have stood for nearly 5,000 years, and it seems likely that they will continue to stand for thousands of years yet.

第六部分：完型填空 （每题1分，共15分）
阅读下面的短文，文中有15处空白，每处空白给出了4个选项，请根据短文的内容从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案，并涂在答题卡相应的位置上。

Where Did All the Ships Go?
The Bermuda Triangle is one__1__the greatest mysteries of the sea．In this triangular area between Florida，Puerto Rico and Bermuda in Atlantic，ships and airplanes __2__to disappear more often than in__3__parts of the ocean。And they do so__4__ leaving any sign of all accident or any dead bodies．
It is__5__that Christopher Columbus was the first person to record strange
happenings in the area．His compass stopped working，a flame came down from the sky，and a wave 1 00 to 200．feet．high carried his ship about a mile away．
The most famous disappearance in the Bermuda Triangle was the US Naval Air Flight 19．__6__December 5，1945，five bomber planes carrying 14 men．__7__ on a training mission’from the Florida coast．Later that day, all communications with Flight 1 9 were lost．They just disappeared without a trace．
The next morning，242 planes and 19 ships took part in the largest air-sea search in history． But they found nothing.
Some people blame the disappearances__8__supernatural forces．It is suggested the
__9__ships and planes were either transported to other times and places，kidnapped
by aliens__10__ attacked by sea creatures．
There are__11__natural explanations，though．The US Navy says that the Bermuda triangle is one of two places on earth __12__a magnetic compass points towards true north__13__magnetic north．__14__planes and ships can lose their way if they don’t make adjustments．
The area also has changing weather and is known__15__its high waves．Storms
Can turn up suddenly and destroy a plane or ship．Fast currents could then sweep away any trace of an accident．

Bermuda Triangle 百慕大三角区
Florida 佛罗里达，美国的一个州
Pueto Rico 波多利加]
Compass n．罗盘，指南针
Supernatural adj．超自然的
Kidnap v．绑架
Alien n．外星人
Magnetic adj．有磁性的
Trace n．痕迹

练习：
1．A)from B) Of C)about D) on
2．A)often B)look C)sometimes D) seem
3．A)rest B) another C) other D)others
4．A)without B)by C)from D)upon
5．A)saying B)being said c)said D)says
6． A) On B)In C) from D) since
7．A)took up B) took as C) took after D) took off
8． A)for B) about C) on D) from
9．A)missing B) missed C) miss D) having missed
10．A) and B) or C) nor D) neither
11．A)also B) no C) more D) beside
12．A) which B) there C) where D) that
13．A)instead of B) except
C) than D) nor
14．A)Similarly B) furthermore
C) However D) Therefore
15．A) as B) for C)by D) from
 
答案及解析
 

第一部分：词汇选择（第1-15题，每题1分，共15分）
下面共有15句子，每个句子均有一个词或短语划有底横线，请从每个句子后面所给的四个选项中选择一个与划线部分意义最相近的词或短语。答案一律涂在答题卡相应的位置上。

1. A. 分析：根据句意（花整个晚上玩牌没有什么意思）确认答案A（乐趣）。
strength n. 长处，优点； enjoyment n.乐趣，享乐, 快乐； temper n.(钢等)韧度, 回火, 性情, 脾气

2． B．分析：可以借助句子中相关词语（Thanksgiving）的提示和搭配结构（每个家庭都..）判断B（聚集在一起）是答案。pick up用手拿起（某物），承载（客人，货物等），学得（知识）； correspond: v. (与with, to连用)符合,（常与with连用）通信；compete vi 竞争；竞赛

3 A. 划线词和四个被选项这5个名词都是较为常见词汇。其中，scene是“现场, 场面, 情景, 景色”；view是“景色, 风景, 观点, 见解”；event是“事件”， landscape“风景, 山水画, 地形”。从句意（克朗代克河地区是人们迄今为止所知道的最大淘金热（发生地）之一）来看scene的含义是“地点”，所以答案是A。

4 A。final作为形容词其含义是“最后的, 最终的”，last（最后的）是final的近义词。Ugliest是形容词ugly(丑的)的最高级。该句的含义是“在爬行类物种中，蛇是排在最后一种。”

5． B。 adequate adj.适当的, 足够的，该词在含义上与sufficient （adj.充分的, 足够的）接近，因此它们的副词结构adequately和sufficiently词义接近。该句的含义是“大学通常会给已经很好地达到了课程学习要求的学生颁发文凭或证书”。Responsibly adj.有责任地, 可靠地。

6． A. realize与 the wish （愿望）搭配使用, 其含义是“实现”。Fulfill vt.履行, 实现, 完成(计划等)，该词与划线词的含义最接近。Adopt vt.采用, 收养， accept vt.接受, 认可, 承担。 该句的含义是“遗嘱是确保已故的人的心愿能够被实现的文件。”

7． A。根据搭配—“...媒体报道”判断A（大量的，广大的，广阔的）合适。而借助mass 的含义(n.块, 大多数, 质量, 群众, 大量adj.群众的, 大规模的, 集中的)也可猜测出massive的含义与“大量的”有关，这样也能判断答案。Negative adj.否定的, 消极的, 负的； expensive adj.昂贵的； active adj.积极的, 能起作用的。该句的含义是“她一直是许多媒体报道的对象。”

8．B． 根据搭配--“...的可能性”判断B（调查，研究）最合适。Reject vt.拒绝, 抵制； propose
vt.计划, 建议, 向...提议； postpone vt.推迟, 使延期；该句的含义是“会议研究了进行更加紧密的贸易联系的可能性。”

9．B． effect 是常见的基本词汇，其含义是“结果, 效果”。因此B（结果）是答案。该句的含义是“她作出的决定所带来的结构/影响是什么？”

10．B.根据and的使用特点：前后结构对称，词义色彩一致，因此判断B（（平静的和）安静的）是答案。Rough adj.粗糙的, 粗略的, 大致的, 粗暴的，汹涌澎湃的。该句的含义是“大海安静而又平静”。

11．B. 句子中出现了“In a bullfight（在斗牛中）..颜色”这样的结构和词语，因此猜测划线词所在的结构含义可能是“（刺激）牛”。因此判断B（使..兴奋）是答案。Confuse vt.搞乱, 使糊涂；scare v.惊吓； satisfy vt.满足, 使满意；该句的含义是“在斗牛比赛中，让牛兴奋的是物体的运动，而不是物体的颜色。”

12．C．call up v.使想起, 打电话给（某人），因此C（给我打电话）是答案。该句含义是“玛丽昨晚很晚了的时候给我打了电话。”

13．A． get up v.起床； rise v.起床,上升； 因此A是答案。Awake vi.醒, 觉醒,觉悟vt.唤醒
adj.警觉的, 醒的; raise vt. 提高, 饲养, 筹集; 该句含义是“玛丽每天在同一时间起床。”

14．D. comprise v.包含, 由...组成; 该词和D（involve vt.包括） 是近义词。absorb vt.吸收, 吸引; concern vt.涉及, 关系到n.(利害)关系, 关心; exclude vt. 把...排除在外; 该句含义是“这个委员会是由5个人组成。”

15．A．assemble vt.集合, 聚集, 装配vi.集合；该词和A（ collect v.收集, 聚集）是近义词。fix vt.使固定, 装置, 修理；assert v.断言, 声称；assist v.援助, 帮助；该句含义是“所有的人都在玛丽的房子里集合。”

第二部分：阅读判断（每题1分，共七分）
阅读下面这篇短文，短文后列出了七个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子作出判断。如果该句提供的是正确信息，请在答题卡上把A涂黑；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请在答题卡上把B涂黑；如果该句的信息文章中没有提及，请在答题卡上把C涂黑

l 解题技巧说明：
在解答阅读判断题，阅读理解题，以及完成句子题时都可以考虑采用“核心词/特征词定位”的方法。“核心词”是指在出现在要求考生作出判断的句子中的主句和/或从句中的主语和谓语部分的词语/结构（如果有宾语也可考虑宾语部分的词语/结构）。选取这些词语/结构的时候要考虑是否这些将被选择作为答案线索的词语和结构是标志“新信息”的内容，如果是，则可以选取；否者就考虑句子中其他结构中标志“新信息”的词语/结构。（注：“新信息”是在前面问题的内容中没有出现过的信息）如：

前一问题：Ordinary plants are unable to survive in the desert mainly because of the changeable weather.
A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned

Grasses and flowers in desert are unable to survive because they stay in the form of seeds
新信息 新信息 新信息
to wait for the right amount of water to come.
在选取直接作为线索词/结构的内容时还要注意“标志原则”，比如在 “新信息内容”中“Grasses and flowers (花和草)”和“seeds（种子）”由于其词义的特点是很可能在文章中直接出现的结构，所以考虑采用“Grasses and flowers (花和草)”和“seeds（种子）”作为直接答案线索。

“特征词” 是指在出现在要求考生作出判断的句子中表示“时间，人名，地名， 组织机构名”等，在文章如果出现往往很容易就会被发现的词语/结构，因为这些结构总是以特殊的形式出现在文章中：“时间”—往往是以阿拉伯数字的形式出现；“人名，地名， 组织机构名”—往往是以单词的首字母大写的形式出现。

另外，要求考生作出判断的句子中出现的修饰词，限制词（往往形容词/副词）可以直接考虑作为答案线索。在利用选出的词语/结构作为答案线索时要注意在文章出现的与这些词/结构含义相近的词语/结构。

Plants in Desert
1． B。从文章第一段的第一句我们可以得知：因为沙漠中土壤的温度高所以只有特殊的植物能在沙漠里存活，所以不是气候变化的原因。
2． A．利用“Grasses and flowers”和“seed”作为答案线索词，很快在第2段的第一句找到答案相关句，该句说：沙漠里的草和花一年又一年以种子的形式度过漫长，炎热，干燥的季节。可见原文的说法与问题句的说法一致，所以该句正确。
3．A。该句说：生活在沙漠里生命周期短的草和花儿显示了它们适应沙漠里春季降雨后雨水很快消失的环境特点的能力。利用“生命周期”作为答案线索词，很快我们在第2段的最后一句中找到答案相关句，可见原文的说法与问题句的说法一致。
4． C。利用“winter”作为答案线索词，不难发现文章中并没有提到“winter”。
5． A。利用“the shoot system”作为答案线索词，于是在第3段的最后一句找到直接的答案相关句，该句说：小的枝叶极大地限制了蒸发所带来了水分的损失。可见原文与问题句的说法一致。
6． A。该题问及倒数第2段的主题。而该段讲述的是沙漠常年生植物能多年生存的原因。
7． B。利用“Lose leaves”作为答案线索词，不难在最后一段的第一句中找到答案相关句。 该句表明它们落叶的原因是一致的：都是为了减少水分的蒸发。

第三部分：概括大意与完成句子 （每题1分，共8分）
阅读下面这篇短文，短文后有2项测试任务：（1）1---4 题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2--5 段每段选择1个正确的小标题；（2）第5--8题要求从所给的6个选项中选择4个正确的选项，分别完成每个句子。请将答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。

l 概括大意题解题思路：
1． 如果段首句和或段尾句是观点句，可借助段首句和或段尾句的句意判断答案；
2． 借助段落中反复出现的核心词/核心结构判断答案；
3． 如果段落中有举例的内容，可参考举例内容判断答案；
4． 注意段落中出现的观点句（观点句中有时出现这样的一些结构： to sum up (adv.总之, 总而言之); in a word (adv.总之), in conclusion （adv.最后, 总之）等或内容上提到“..研究发现..”， “.某某研究者发现..”），转折句（往往句子中出现“but, however, although, though, nevertheless”等词），因为这些句子可能就是段落的中心句，可参考这些句子句意判断答案。

Adult Education
1．C．解题思路：该段中列举了“图书馆”，“函授课”等教育方式，所以C是答案。
2．A．解题思路：该段段首句也较长，转而看段尾句，发现段尾句中有“need”对应A中的necessity（需要）。
3．B．解题思路：该段只有两句，但两句中都提到了“earliest”（最早的），该词对应B中的early days（早期）。
4. D．解题思路：该段段首句很长，所以转而看段尾句，该句用了“spring up”(出现) ，该词对应D中的growth（发展情况）。

5. D．首先结合搭配句意判断，选项中只有A和D合适。再利用“learn”作为答案线索词判断答案相关句在第1段的最后一句：Adults may want to study something which they missed in earlier schooling, get new skills or job training, find out about new technological developments, seek better self-understanding, or develop new talents and skills.
6. B．该题可直接借助句意判断答案为B。如果借助原文：利用“forms”作为答案线索词，则在第2段的第1句中找到答案相关句：This kind of education may be in the form of self-study with proper guidance through the use of libraries, correspondence courses, or broadcasting.
7. A．利用“necessary”作为答案线索词，则在第3段的最后一句找到答案相关句：These and other factors（great economic and social changes） produced a need for further education and re-education of adults.
8. E．该题可直接借助搭配句意选择答案。如果借助原文：利用“originated”作为答案线索词，这样在第4段的第1句找到答案相关句：The earliest programs of organized adult education arose in Great Britain in the 1790s ….

第四部分：阅读理解（每题3分，共45分）
下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题，每道题后面有4个选项。请仔细阅读短文并根据短文回答其后面的问题，从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。

第1篇
Medical Journals
1. B．分析：细节题。问题问及“医疗杂志的主要读者”，借助题干中的main readers作为答案线索，这样发现答案相关句：Medical journals are publications that report medical information to physicians and other health professionals．（该句间接的回答了问题—“向内科医生和其他健康专家提供医疗信息”，所以答案是B。）
2． C．分析：细节题。发现被选项在内容上都是涉及到“医疗杂志的出版”，所以借助publish作为答案线索，这样发现答案相关句：many medical journals now have Web sites on the Internet（该句与A内容一致），and some journals publish only online．（该句直接与C矛盾）A few medical journals，like the Journal of the American Medical Association，are considered general medical journals because they cover many fields of medicine．（该句与B内容一致）Most medical journals are specialty journals that focus on a particular area of medicine．（该句与D内容一致）
3. A． 分析：细节题。该题涉及到文章类型。注意文章中提及文章类型的句子。这样发现答案相关句：Medical journals publish many types of articles．Research articles report the results of …Review articles summarize and analyze ..．Case conferences and case reports may be published in medical journals ..Editorials provide perspective on ..．Letters to the editor provide a way for readers of ..
4. B．分析：细节题。利用题干中的核心结构different studies on the same topic作为答案线索，这样找到答案相关句：Review articles summarize and analyze the information available on a specific topic based on a careful search of the medical literature．（该句说“综述文章是在对医学文献进行了仔细的查询后找出的有关某一具体主题的信息进行汇总和分析”）Because the results of individual research studies can be affected by many factors，combining results from different studies on the same topic （“对于同一主题的不同研究结果的汇总”在含义上与上句“综述文章”的目的一致，因此判断B是答案。）can be helpful in reaching conclusions about the scientific evidence for preventing，diagnosing or treating a particular disease．
5． C． 分析：借助题干中的核心结构Letters to the editor和express comments on作为答案线索，这样在文章最后部分找到答案相关句：Letters to the editor provide a way for readers of the medical journal to express comments， questions or criticisms about articles published in that journal。（该句内容直接回答了问题：对杂志上发表的文章进行评论，提出问题或提出批评意见）

第2篇
Adaptation of Living Things
1. C。该题的直接答案相关句是文章第一句。
2. B。surroundings 和environment是近义词，所以B正确。
3. D。该题的直接答案相关句是第3段的一句话：The coats of deer are colored to mix with the surroundings。
4. D。文章提到了一种生命为了适应环境可以改变结构（A），功能（B）和基因构造（C），但没有说可以改变睡眠习惯。
5. A。直接答案相关句在最后一段的第3个句子。

第3篇
Ford Abandons Electric Vehicles
1．C 第一段第一个句子告诉我们福特汽车公司放弃了电动汽车，第二段说通用汽车公
司和本田汽车公司停止生产电动汽车。
2．B 第四段第一个句子是Tim Holmes对电动汽车未来的评价，他认为未来的交通运输
的大众市场不可能是电动汽车。
3．A 答案的依据是第六段最后一句。
4．C 答案的依据是倒数第二段第二句.
5．D 答案的依据是文章的最后一句：the legislation will be written to allow for low-emission, rather than zero-emission, vehicles.

第五部分：补全短文（每题2分，共10分）
阅读下面的短文，文章中有5处空白，文章后有6组文字，请根据文章的内容选择5组文字，将其分别放会文章原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。请将答案涂在答题卡相应的位置。

l 补全短文解题常用思路：
1． 借助空格前后句句意进行判断；
2． 如果空格所在的段落的段首句是观点句，可借助段首句的句意进行判断；
3． 借助空格前后句中的核心词/核心结构与被选项中用词的呼应进行判断；
4． 借助被选项中出现的逻辑词（逻辑连词，逻辑副词）判断空格前句可能的语意。
5． 借助被选项中出现的人称代词，指示代词，定冠词结构在空格前句中寻找相呼应的内容，判断答案。
6． 借助空格在段落中出现的位置猜测空格处的句子可能是具有的语意功能：在段首句/出现的句子可能是观点句/总结句/概括句；在段尾句中出现的句子可能是观点句/总结句/概括句/承上启下句；在文章最后一句中出现的句子往往是观点句或中心引申句。
7． 观点句，举例句，语意转折句， 因果句等常常是考察点。

The Building of the Pyramids
1. F。第一句说“金字塔是世界上最古老的石头建筑”， F说“它们已经屹立了将近5000年并且似乎会继续存在数前年”，以实际数字说明了第1句。
2. A。A说“埃及干燥的气候有助于保持金字塔，金字塔自身的形状也使之不容易毁坏。”空格后句的主语these就是指这两个原因。
3. B。B说“几乎可以确定的是（埃及人）为建造金字塔指定了施工方案，因为有些其他大型建筑的工程图已被幸运地保存下来，”后一句说“然而没有文字记录或图片告诉我们埃及人如何设计或建造金字塔。”。这两句在意思上形成转折。
4. D。根据本段前面两句的句意这里应该选择D（因此，我们只能猜测他们使用的方法）。
5. C。该段首句说有一件事情确定无疑，即他们（埃及人）开工前一定花了数月时间仔细设计建造方案，C说“他们要做的第一件事情就是选址”，和第一句意思连贯，而且下文中的this只能指选址这件事。

第六部分：完型填空 （每题1分，共15分）
阅读下面的短文，文中有15处空白，每处空白给出了4个选项，请根据短文的内容从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案，并涂在答题卡相应的位置上。

l 完型填空解题思路：
1． 借助被选项的特点缩小答案范围，确认答案判断方向；
2． 借助空格两端的搭配结构特点判断答案；
3． 借助空格所在句子中用词特点猜测答案；
4． 借助空格所在句子句意判断答案；
5． 围绕文章中心（标题反应内容）猜测答案；
6． 借助上下文用词/语意判断答案；

Where Did All the Ships Go?
1. B. 分析：借助搭配 “最..一个”判断B是答案。考点：‘ Of 表达“部分”和“整体/特征群”的关系’的用法。
2. D。 分析：借助搭配—不定式符号to，判断D合适。考点：seem to do sth./看起来..
3。C. 分析：借助搭配结构含义—“比海洋的..部分更经常..”，判断C合适。考点：考察代词的使用。
4． A。分析：根据句意判断A（没有）正确。考点：考察省略结构（they do so = they(ships and airplanes) disappear）
5 C. 考察结构：it is said/reported/predicted/…
6. A. 分析：借助搭配—具体的时间前面介词需要用on，判断A是答案。考点：考察常见介词的习惯用法。
7. D. 分析：借助句子中的相关词语（bomber planes）含义直接判断答案。
8． C．分析：借助搭配结构 (blame the disappearance.. supernatural force)判断C是答案。考点：考察常见动词短语。blame ..(on, upon).. 把...归咎于.. ；e.g. Don't blame it on him, but on me.别怪他, 该怪我。Blame..for..指责..造成了..e.g. They blamed the secretary for the delay of the plan.他们怪罪秘书造成计划延误。
9 A. 分析：根据空格语法结构特点—作定语和搭配结构词语（..ships and planes），判断A（失踪的）是答案。考点：考察由同一词根构成的不同分词结构。
10. B. 分析：根据句子中的结构相关词语（either）判断B（or）是答案。考点；考察表示逻辑关系的固定搭配结构。neither..nor../ 既不...也不...；one..another..一个...另一个...；some..others..一些...其他...；not only..but also..不但...而且...
11． A． 分析：根据句子逻辑语意（尽管也有一些从自然环境的角度上进行的结实）判断A是答案。（though是答案线索）考点：考察句子逻辑关系。
12．C．分析：根据空格所在句子的特点：空格后是一个从句，空格前面是表示地点的词语，因此猜测C是答案。考点：考察定语从句。
13．A． 分析：根据搭配特点—空格前后是两个同类结构，因此判断A（（不是）…（而是））是答案。考点；考察常见介词短语结构。
14． D. 分析：借助前句句意（指南针指向的是真正的北方而不是磁场中的北方）判断D（因此）是答案。考点；考察前后句的逻辑关系。
15．B.分析：根据搭配结构语意判断（这个地区…大浪被闻名）B是答案。know..as..把..看作..；know..for..因为..而了解..