2006职称英语考试模全真拟试题理工类B级第二套

第一部分：词汇选择（第1-15题，每题1分，共15分）
下面共有15句子，每个句子均有一个词或短语划有底横线，请从每个句子后面所给的四个选项中选择一个与划线部分意义最相近的词或短语。答案一律涂在答题卡相应的位置上。
1．We have to ask them to quit talking in order that all people present could hear us clearly.
A) decrease B)cease
C) continue D)keep

2.The Klondike was the scene of one of the biggest gold rushes the world has ever known.
A) location B)view
C) event D)landscape

3. She has been the subject of massive media coverage.
A) extensive B) negative
C) expensive D)active

4.The conference explored the possibility of closer trade links.
A) rejected B) investigated
C)proposed D)postponed

5. The sea was calm and still.
A) quite B)quiet
C) yet D)rough

6. In a bullfight, it is the movement, not the color, of objects that arouses the bull.
A) confuses B)excites
C) scares D)satisfies

7. The committee comprises five persons.
A) absorbs B)concerns
A) excludes D)involves

8. All the people assembled at Mary's house.
A) collected B)fixed
C) asserted D)assist

9. We derive knowledge mainly from books
A)deprive B) obtain
C) descend D)trace

10.We all consider him a man of dynamic personalities.
A)dangerous B) doubtful
C)active D)easy

11． We should never content ourselves with a little book knowledge only.
A) convince B)satisfy C) comfort D) benefit

12． We should contemplated the problem from all sides
A) deliberated B)thought C) described D) designed

13． His health had deteriorated while he was in prison.
A) became better B)became worse C) became stronger D) became weaker

14． I meant to give you this book today, but I forgot.
A) intended to B)tended to C) extended to D) pretended to

15． As a matter of fact， I love soft music more than popular music.
A) basically B)probably C) actually D) accurately

第二部分：阅读判断（每题1分，共七分）
阅读下面这篇短文，短文后列出了七个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子作出判断。如果该句提供的是正确信息，请在答题卡上把A涂黑；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请在答题卡上把B涂黑；如果该句的信息文章中没有提及，请在答题卡上把C涂黑

El Nino （厄尔尼诺现象）

While some forecasting methods had limited SUCCESS predicting the 1997 E1 Nino a few months in advance，the Columbia University researchers say their method call predict large E1 Nino events up to two years in advance．That would be good news for governments，farmers and others seeking to plan for the droughts and heavy rainfall that El Nino can produce in various parts of the world.
Using a computer the researchers matched sea-surface temperatures to later El Nino occurrences between 1980 and 2000 and were then able to anticipate E1 Nino events dating back to1857, using prior sea-surface temperatures．The results were reported in the latest issue of the journal Nature．
The researchers say their method is not perfect, but Bryan C．Weare．a meteorologist at the University of California, Davis，who was not involved in the work，said it“suggests‘E1 Nino is indeed predictable．”
“This will probably convince others to search around more for even better methods．”said Weare．He added that the new method“makes it possible to predict El Nino at 1ong lead times．” Other models also use sea-surface temperatures, but they have not looked as far back because they need other data，which is only available for recent decades，Weare said．
The ability to predict the warming and cooling of the Pacitic is of immense importance’．The 1997 El Nino，for example，caused an estimated$20 billion in damage worldwide，offset by beneficial effects in other areas，said David Anderson，of the European Centre for Medium．Range Weather Forecasts in Reading England．The 1877 El Nino，meanwhile，coincided with a failure of the Indian monsoon and a famine that killed perhaps 40 million in India and China。prompting the development of seasonal forecasting，Anderson said．
When El Nino hit in 199 1 and 1997．200 million people were affected by flooding in China alone．according to a 2002 United Nations report．
While predicting smaller E1 Nino events remains tricky．the ability to predict larger ones should be increased to at least a year if the new method is confirmed．
E1 Nino tends to develop between April and June and reaches its peak between December and February．The warming tends to last between 9 and 1 2 months and occurs every two to seven years·
The new forecasting method does not predict any major El Nino events in the next two years, although a weak warming toward the end of this year is possible．

E1 Nino n．厄尔尼诺现象
Equatorial adj．赤道的
Occurrence n．发生
Meteorologist n．气象学家
Offset v．抵销
Lead adj．提前的
Monsoon n．季风
Tricky adj．难以捉摸的

练习：
1．The method used by the Columbia University researchers can predict E1 Nino a few months in advance．
A．Right B．Wrong C．Not mentioned

2. The Columbia University researchers studied the relationship between the past EI Nino occurrences and sea—surface temperatures．
A．Right B．Wrong C．Not mentioned

3. The Columbia University researchers are the first to use sea-surface temperatures to match the past EI Nino occurrences．
A．Right B．Wrong C．Not mentioned

4. Weare’s contribution in predicting E1 Nino，was highly praised by other meteorologists．
A．Right B．Wrong C．Not mentioned

5. According to a Chinese report，the flooding in China caused by E1 Nino in 1 99 1 and 1 997 affected 200 million Chinese people．
A．right B．Wrong C．Not mentioned

6. It takes about eight months for El Nino to reach its peak．
A．right B．Wrong C．Not mentioned

7. A special institute has been set up in America to study E1 Nino．
A．Right B．Wrong C．Not mentioned

第三部分：概括大意与完成句子 （每题1分，共8分）
阅读下面这篇短文，短文后有2项测试任务：（1）1---4 题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2--5 段每段选择1个正确的小标题；（2）第5--8题要求从所给的6个选项中选择4个正确的选项，分别完成每个句子。请将答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。

Soot and Snow：a Hot Combination

l New research from NASA scientists suggests emissions of black soot alter the way sunlight reflects off snow．According to a computer simulation，black soot may be responsible for 25 percent of observed global warming over the past century．
2 Soot in the higher latitudes of the Earth。where ice is more common，absorbs more of the sun’s energy and warmth than an icy, white background．Dark-colored black carbon，or soot，absorbs sunlight，while lighter colored ice reflects sunlight．
3 Soot in areas with snow and ice may play all important role in climate change．Als0，if snow and ice covered areas begin melting。the warming effect increases，as the soot becomes more concentrated on the snow surface．“This provides a positive feedback，as glaciers and ice sheet smelt,they tend to get even dirtier,” said Dr．James Hansen，a researcher at NASA's Goddard Institute for Space Studies，NewYork．
4 Hansen found soot’s effect on snow albedo(solar energy reflected back to space)，which may be contributing to trends toward early springs in the Northern Hemisphere，such as thinning Arctic sea ice，melting glaciers and permafrost．Soot also is believed to play a role in changes in the atmosphere above the oceans and land．
5 “Black carbon reduces the amount of energy reflected by snow back into space，thus heating the snow surface more than if there were no black carbon~，”Hansen said．Soot’s increased absorption of solar energy is especially effective in warming the world’s climate. “This forcing is unusually effective，causing twice as much global warming as a carbon．dioxide forcing of the same magnitude，”Hansen noted．
6 Hansen cautioned．although the role of soot in altering global climate is substantial，it does not alter the fact that greenhouse gases are the primary cause of climate warming during the past century．Such gases are expected to be the largest climate forcing f10r也e rest of this century．
7 The researchers found that observed warming in the Northern Hemisphere was 1arge in the winter and spring at middle and high latitudes．These observations were consistent with the researchers’ climate model simulations，which showed some of the largest warming effects occurred when there were heavy snow cover and sufficient sunlight．

词汇：
soot n．煤烟，煤灰
emission n．释放，散发，排放
simulation v．模拟
latitude n．纬度
glacier n．冰川，冰河
albedo n．反照率
permafrost n．永冻层
forcing n．温室作用
dioxide n．二氧化物
magnitude n．量，大小

练习：
1．Paragraph 3____________
2．Paragraph 4____________
3．Paragraph 6____________
4．Paragraph 7____________

5．In the twentieth century，soot____________
6．Hansen cautioned that greenhouse gases____________
7. Black soot covered snow and ice____________
8．A soot forcing is unusually effective，which____________

第四部分：阅读理解（每题3分，共45分）
下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题，每道题后面有4个选项。请仔细阅读短文并根据短文回答其后面的问题，从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。

第1篇
Common-cold Sense
You can’t beat it，but you don’t have to join it．‘Maybe it got the name “common cold” because it’s more common in winter．The fact is，though，being cold doesn’t have anything to do with getting one 3．Colds are caused by the spread of rhinoviruses，and，at least SO far，medical science is better at telling you how to avoid getting one than how to get rid of one．
Children are the most common way cold viruses are spread to adults，because they have more colds than adults — an average of about eight per year．Why do kids seem SO much more easily to get colds than their parents? Simple．They haven’t had the opportunity to become immune to many cold viruses．
There are more than 1 50 different cold viruses，and you never have the same one twice．Being
infected by one makes you immune to it — but only it．
Colds are usually spread by direct contact，not sneezing or coughing．From another person’s hand to your hand and then to your nose or eyes is the most common route。．The highest concentration of cold viruses anywhere is found under the thumbnails of a boy，although the viruses Can survive for hours on skin or other smooth surfaces．
Hygiene is your best defense．Wash your hands frequently．preferably with a disinfectant soap，especially when children in your household have colds．
But even careful hygiene won’t ward off。every cold．So，what works when a coughing，sneezing，runny nose strikes?
The old prescription of two aspirins，lots of water，and bed rest is a good place to start．But you’11 also find some of the folk remedies…worth Wing．Hot mixtures of sugar(or honey)，lemon，and water have real benefits．

词汇：
rhinovirus n．鼻病毒
virus n．病毒
immune adj．免疫的，有免疫力的
preferably adv．更可取地，更好地
disinfectant n．消毒剂，杀菌剂
prescription n．(1)诀窍(2)处方，药方
infect vt．传染，侵染，感染
sneeze vi．打喷嚏
remedy n．治疗，治疗法，药品
thumbnail n．拇指甲

1.Accordingtothe essay，you may have a cold because
A)the weather is too cold．
B)the spread of rhinoviruses gets people infected．
C)another person’s coughing passes the cold to you
D)you wash your hands too often．
2.The best way to keep yourself from getting colds is
A)to keep yourself clean．
B)to use a disinfectant soap．
C)to take two aspirins every day．
D)to drink lots of water．
3.Children have more colds because
A)they are usually infected about eight times each year．
B)they are not immune to many cold viruses yet．
C)they never wash their hands So that their thumbnails are dirty．
D)they don’t 1ike eating lemon．
4．When you are having a cold,
A)it is always the same kind of cold that you had last time．
B)it may be the same kind of cold that you had last time．
C)it is certainly not the same kind of cold that you had last time．
D)it is probably not the same kind of cold that you had last time．
5．When one is having a cold, he may often have a11 the following symptoms EXCEPT
A)coughing．
B)having a sore throat．
C)having a runny nose．
D)having a stomachache．

第2篇
Urban Rainforest
On the west side of the island of Manhattan in New Y0rk City，tree by tree，leaf by leaf, a 2,500 square foot sector of the Central African Republic’s Dzanga Ndoki Rainforest has been transported to，or recreated at，the American Museum of Natural History’s new hall of biodiversity．When the hall opens this May, visitors will visit one of the world’s biggest and most accurate reproduction of one of nature’s most threatened creations．
To bring the rainforest to New Y0rk．a team of nearly two dozen scientists—the largest collecting expedition the museum has ever organised for an exhibit — spent five weeks in the African rainforest collecting soil，plants，and leaves；recording and documenting species；studying trees；shooting videotape and still photos；and interviewing local people．“This area has been explored very little,” says Hoel Cracraft who estimates that the museum will eventually collect 150 to 180 mammals，more than 300 species of birds，hundreds of butterflies，and hundreds of thousands，if not 111illions，of organisms．The exhibition may even have produced a special prize - scientists suspect they have uncovered several new species．
To give the forest a sense of realness，the back wall of the exhibit is an enormous videoscreen，sounds will come out from hidden speakers．and plans even call for forest smells．Computer controls will vary the effects so that no two walkthroughs will ever be exactly the same．
After the team returned to New York．the forest was reproduced with the help of the computer Computer modelling programmes plotted distances and special relationships．Artists studied photos and brought what they saw to 1ife．Plaster trees were made．Recreated animals began to stand in the rainforest of the hall．Flying creatures will hang from the ceiling．The 1ight in the forest—one of the exhibit’s cleverest re-creations—will seem real．Long tube 1ights will have the correct colour and temperature to produce a natural effect．The plants and animals exhibited throughout the hall exist naturally in a perfect balance—remove one．and the whole is imperfect if not endangered．The exhibit is proof to the hope that the world’s rainforests will never exist solely as a carefully preserved artifact．

词汇：
biodiversity n．生物多样性
document v．纪实性地描述
mammal n．哺乳类动物
organism n．微生物
exhibit n．展品
walkthrough n．开拍前的排练，预排
plot v．为……设定
plaster n．熟石膏
artifact n．人工制品

1． What is this passage mainly about?
A) The history of the American Museum of Natural History．
B)The reproduction of the rainforest at a New York museum．
C)Visitors’ interest in the rainforest reproduction at a New York museum
D)Saving rainforests in the Central African Republic．
2．How did the museum collect the data in the Central African Republic?
A)It sent a large team of scientists there．
B)It cooperated with many African scientists．
C)It recruited local people to collect mammals，etc．．
D)It sent cameramen to shoot videotapes．
3．To give the forest a sense of realness．all the following are used EXCEPT that
A)hidden loudspeakers are used to produce forest sound．
B)a huge videoscreen is put up on the back wall．
C)special equipment is employed to produce forest smells．
D)the forest is surrounded by front and back walls．
4．What is the main theme of the last paragraph?
A)The layout of the rainforest exhibition．
B)The balance between animals and plants．
C)The clever design of lighting．
D)Preservation of the rainforest exhibition as an artifact
5．What does the last sentence of the passage most probably mean?
A)The rainforest in the Central African Republic will be preserved forever．
B)The well-designed exhibit will be preserved as an artifact．
C)The exhibit reflects the hope that natural rainforests will be well preserved
D)The exhibit of the rainforest in the museum is the sole one in the world．

第3篇
Credit Card Only Works When Spoken to
A credit card that will not work unless it hears its owner’s voice could become an important Weapon in the fight against fraud．
The card requires users to give a spoken password that it recognizes using a built-in voice—recognition chip．The idea is to prevent thieves using a stolen card or fraudsters using someone else’s credit card details to buy goods online。．
A prototype built by engineers at Beepcard in Santa Monica，California，represents the first attempt to pack a microphone，a loud speaker, a battery and a voice-recognition chip into a standard．sized credit card．
They are not quite there yet：the card is the length and width of an ordinary credit card，but it is still about three times as thick．Alan Sege，Beepcard’s CEO，says the company now plans to use smaller chips to slim it down to normal thickness．
The voice card is based Oil an earlier Beepcard technology designed to prevent fraud in online transactions．This earlier card has no microphone．but has a built．in loudspeaker that it uses to “squawk” an acoustic ID signal via a computer’s microphone to an online server.
By verifying that the signal matches the card details，the server can establish that the user is not simply keying in…a credit card number but actually has the card to hand．The ID code changes each time the card is used in a pre-ordered sequence that only the server knows．
This prevents fraudsters recording the beeps．noting the card details and then playing back the audible ID when they key in the details later．But this earlier technology cannot prevent fraudulent use of stolen cards．The new one can．
The new voice card also identifies itself by-its ID squawk、but it will not do this until it has verified the legitimate user’s spoken password．Thieves will be unable to use the card because even if they knew the password they would have to be able to copy the owner’s voice with a high degree of accuracy．
The challenge for Beepcard has been to develop voice—recognition and audio circuitry that can be powered by a mini battery embedded in a credit card．To maximize battery life,the electronics are only switched on when the card is being used．Pressing a button on the card’s surface prompts it to utter “Say your password” in female voice．If the voice-recognition software proves that the password is authentic, it sends its ID squawk which the server then identifies，allowing the transaction to proceed．
词汇：
fraudster／n．骗子
beep／n．(电子装置发出的)嘟嘟声
online／adj．＆adv．联机的(地)，在线的(地)；实时操作的(地)
legitimate／adj．合法的
fraudulent／adj．欺骗性的：骗得的
prototype／n．原型；样品
circuitry／n．电路系统
squawk／v．粗声叫出
embed／v．埋置，嵌入，插入
acoustic／adj．声的；用声波操作的
utter／v．发出(声音)，说出
verify／v．证实，核实

1．How Call the credit card recognize the spoken password given by the user?
A)By using a voice-recognition chip embedded in the card．
B)By using a voice-recognition device built in the server．
C)By fixing a microphone in the card．
D)By fixing a loudspeaker in the card．
2.Are the engineers at Beepcard satisfied with the model they have built? Why or why not?
A)Yes，because the model they have built is a standardized credit card．
B)No，because the model they have built is too heavy．
C)No，because the model they have built is too thick．
D)Yes，because the model they have built is used worldwide．
3．What is the main difference between the earlier model and the new voice card?
A)The new one can identify itself by its ID squawk．
B)The new one Can produce beeps．
C)The new one needs the user to key in ID details．
D)The new one works only when it hears the password spoken by the user．
4．What is the advantage of the voice card?
A)It is safer because it requires more ID information．
B)It is safer because the voice-recognition chip is built in．
C)It．is safer because no one but the user can use the card．
D)It is safer because it can hardly be cheated by fraudsters．
5.According to the last paragraph，what is NOT involved in the process of using the voice card?
A)Switching on the electronics to maximize the battery life．
B)Pressing the “Say your password” button on the card’s surface．
C)The password is verified．
D)The ID squawk is sent to the server for it to identify．

第五部分：补全短文（每题2分，共10分）
阅读下面的短文，文章中有5处空白，文章后有6组文字，请根据文章的内容选择5组文字，将其分别放会文章原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。请将答案涂在答题卡相应的位置。

Agitated Sunspot Cause Trouble

If the lights in your house keep flickering, blame frequent sunspots.
A sunspot is actually charged particles flying at the speed of 3 million kilometers an hour out of the surface of the sun to form sun storms.
__1__.
The earth, which is directly energized by the sun, is influenced by sun storms in a number of ways.
__2__. Wireless short-wave communication, which depends on the wave's reflection against this layer of atmosphere, is likely to be jammed. It is said that mobile phone communication may be affected too.
__3__. According to a research conducted by the Russian scientists from 1957 to 1960, the frequency of earthquakes can be linked to the movement of the sunspots.
Though little research has been carried out about how exactly the sunspot will negatively harm the health of the people, a paper published by a North Korea observatory says that sun storms may cause an increase in the incidence of heart disease and skin disease. __4__.
Besides, the nervous system is also affected, and traffic accidents are more frequent when sunspots are active.
It is hard to say when the sunspots are most violent during their active year, but generally one active period is believed to last possibly eight days. Not long ago there were two violent sun storms breaking out, which seriously affected mobile phone communication, etc. in many parts of the world. __5__.

A. Ionosphere is high above the earth.
B. One is that the magnetic filed of the earth is much disturbed because of the sun's interference in the ionosphere which is 80 to 500 kilometers above the earth.
C. Scientists also say that the active movement of the charged sun storm also has effects on earthquakes
D. Every 11 years, the sun, as its energy accumulate inside up to a certain point, will send out streams of charged particles, which affect the earth in different ways
E． But the communication situation in each case returned to normal in about 24 hours.
F. So, scientists warn that people going outdoors should be careful to protect their exposed skin and eyes with clothes, umbrellas and sunglasses from the strong sunlight rich in ultraviolet rays.

第六部分：完型填空 （每题1分，共15分）
阅读下面的短文，文中有15处空白，每处空白给出了4个选项，请根据短文的内容从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案，并涂在答题卡相应的位置上。

Dark Forces Dominate Universe

The Earth，moon，sun and all visible stars in the sky make up less than one percent of the universe．Almost all the rest is dark matter and dark energy, unknown _1_ that puzzle
astronomers．
Observations in recent years have changed the basic understanding of how the universe
evolved and have emphasized for astronomers how little is known _2_ the major forces and
substances that shaped our world．
Astronomers now know that luminous matter-stars．planets and hot gas – _3_ only about 0.4 percent of the universe．Non．1uminous components．such as black holes and intergalactic
gas，make up 3.6 percent．The rest is either dark matter, about 23 percent，or dark energy, about 73 percent．
Dark matter, sometimes called “cold dark matter,” has been known for some _4_. Only recently have researchers come to understand the pivotal role it _5_ in the formation of stars．planets and even people．
“We owe our very existence to dark matter,” said physicist Paul Steinhardt and a co-author of a review on dark matter which appeared not long _6_ in the journal Science．
Steinhardt said it is believed that following the Big Bang，the theoretical _7_ of the universe，dark matter caused particles to clump together．That set up the gravitation processes that led to the formation of stars and galaxies．Those stars，in turn，created the basic chemicals，such as carbon and iron．that were _8_ to the evolution of life．
“Dark matter dominated the formation of structure in the early universe．”Steinhardt said．“For the first few billion years dark matter contained _9_ of the mass of the universe．You can think of ordinary matter as a froth of an Ocean of dark matter．The dark matter clumps and the ordinary matter falls into it．That led to the _10_ of the stars and galaxies．”
Without dark matter,“there _11_ be virtually no structures in the universe．”
The nature of dark matter is _12_．It cannot be seen or detected _13_ ．Astronomers know it is there because of its effect on celestial objects than can be seen and measured．
But the most dominating force Of _14_ in the universe is called dark energy．a recently proven power that astronomers say is causing the galaxies in the universe to separate at a faster and faster speed．
One scientist said it is clear now _15_ dark matter and dark energy engaged in a gravitational tug of war that，eventually，dark energy won．

词汇：
intergalactic／adj．银河间的 gravitation／n．地心吸力，万有引力
pivotal／adj．关键的 froth／n．泡沫
owe／v．把……归功于 celestial／adj．天体的
clump／v．凝聚成块
1． A)space B)movement C)forces D)speed
2． A)about B)in C)for D)witllin
3． A)waits for B)longs for C)accounts for D)looks for
4． A)schedule B)time C)duration D)period
5． A)displayed B)delayed C)relayed D)played
6． A)previously B)back C)before D)ago
7． A)beginning B)changing C)combining D)ending
8． A)universal B)additional C)fundamental D)structural
9． A)many B)most C)little D)few
10． A)detection B)formation C)revolution D)separation
11． A)would B)must C)shall D)should
12． A)unchecked B)unlocked C)unknown D)unmeasured
13． A)personally B)accurately C)formally D)directly
14． A)all B)total C)overall D)sum
15． A)when B)that C)how D)what

答案及解析
 
第一部分：词汇选择（第1-15题，每题1分，共15分）
下面共有15句子，每个句子均有一个词或短语划有底横线，请从每个句子后面所给的四个选项中选择一个与划线部分意义最相近的词或短语。答案一律涂在答题卡相应的位置上。

1 B。划线词和四个被选项这5个动词都是C级应该掌握的常见词汇。其中除A以外，其余的被选项都可以跟动名词结构：quit doing.. = cease doing../停止..., continue doing../继续.., keep doing../一直…。该句的含义是“我们得要求他们停止说法以便所有在场的人都能清楚地听见我们的声音。”

2 A. 划线词和四个被选项这5个名词都是较为常见词汇。其中，scene是“现场, 场面, 情景, 景色”；view是“景色, 风景, 观点, 见解”；event是“事件”， landscape“风景, 山水画, 地形”。从句意（克朗代克河地区是人们迄今为止所知道的最大淘金热（发生地）之一）来看scene的含义是“地点”，所以答案是A。

3 A。根据搭配—“...媒体报道”判断A（大量的，广大的，广阔的）合适。而借助mass 的含义(n.块, 大多数, 质量, 群众, 大量adj.群众的, 大规模的, 集中的)也可猜测出massive的含义与“大量的”有关，这样也能判断答案。Negative adj.否定的, 消极的, 负的； expensive adj.昂贵的； active adj.积极的, 能起作用的。该句的含义是“她一直是许多媒体报道的对象。”

4 B． 根据搭配--“...的可能性”判断B（调查，研究）最合适。Reject vt.拒绝, 抵制； propose
vt.计划, 建议, 向...提议； postpone vt.推迟, 使延期；该句的含义是“会议研究了进行更加紧密的贸易联系的可能性。”

5 B.根据and的使用特点：前后结构对称，词义色彩一致，因此判断B（（平静的和）安静的）是答案。Rough adj.粗糙的, 粗略的, 大致的, 粗暴的，汹涌澎湃的。该句的含义是“大海安静而又平静”。

6 B. 句子中出现了“In a bullfight（在斗牛中）..颜色”这样的结构和词语，因此猜测划线词所在的结构含义可能是“（刺激）牛”。因此判断B（使..兴奋）是答案。Confuse vt.搞乱, 使糊涂；scare v.惊吓； satisfy vt.满足, 使满意；该句的含义是“在斗牛比赛中，让牛兴奋的是物体的运动，而不是物体的颜色。”

7 D. comprise v.包含, 由...组成; 该词和D（involve vt.包括） 是近义词。absorb vt.吸收, 吸引; concern vt.涉及, 关系到n.(利害)关系, 关心; exclude vt. 把...排除在外; 该句含义是“这个委员会是由5个人组成。”

8 A．assemble vt.集合, 聚集, 装配vi.集合；该词和A（ collect v.收集, 聚集）是近义词。fix vt.使固定, 装置, 修理；assert v.断言, 声称；assist v.援助, 帮助；该句含义是“所有的人都在玛丽的房子里集合。”

9. B. 分析：根据句意（我们主要从书本上获得知识）判断B（获得）是答案。Deprive vt.剥夺, 使丧失； descend vi.下来, 下降； trace n.痕迹, 踪迹, 微量vt.描绘,追踪

10．C．分析：该句含义是“我们都认为他是一个个性很活跃的人。”dynamic adj.动力的,动态的，生气勃勃的； active adj.积极的,现行的, 活动的, 活跃的；doubtful adj.可疑的, 不确的； easy adj.容易的, 舒适的, 宽裕的, 从容的adv.不费力的, 轻松

11. B. 分析：根据句意（我们切不可（满足于）仅仅有一点点书本知识。）判断B（使满足）是答案。Convince vt.使确信, 使信服； benefit n.利益, 好处vt.有益于, 有助于； comfort n.安慰, 舒适, 安慰者
vt.安慰, 使(痛苦等)缓和；

12. A. 分析：借助搭配结构“…问题”排除B（think后通常带宾语从句）和D（搭配不合理）。根据句意（我们应该考虑到问题的各个方面）判断A（仔细考虑）最合适。

13. B. 分析：借助搭配“健康…”，排除C和D（strong和 weak都不和“健康”搭配使用，只能说“身体” strong或 weak），再借助句意（在监狱服刑期间他的健康变得恶化了）判断B（变得更糟糕）是答案。Deteriorate v.(使)恶化

14． A。 分析，借助句意（我（本来打算）今天给你这本书的，可是我忘了）判断A（打算..）是答案。tend to v. 往往..; pretend to do sth.v.假装做某事; extend v.扩充, 延伸,给予。 extend 后所带的to 是介词。

15. C. 分析：as a matter of fact adv.事实上； accurately adv.正确地, 精确地； basically
adv.基本上, 主要地; probably adv.大概, 或许

第二部分：阅读判断（每题1分，共七分）
阅读下面这篇短文，短文后列出了七个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子作出判断。如果该句提供的是正确信息，请在答题卡上把A涂黑；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请在答题卡上把B涂黑；如果该句的信息文章中没有提及，请在答题卡上把C涂黑

l 解题技巧说明：
在解答阅读判断题，阅读理解题，以及完成句子题时都可以考虑采用“核心词/特征词定位”的方法。“核心词”是指在出现在要求考生作出判断的句子中的主句和从句中的主语和谓语部分的词语/结构（如果有宾语也可考虑宾语部分的词语/结构）。选取这些词语/结构的时候要考虑是否这些将被选择作为答案线索的词语和结构是标志“新信息”的内容，如果是，则可以选取；否者就考虑句子中其他结构中标志“新信息”的词语/结构。（注：“新信息”是在前面问题的内容中没有出现过的信息）如：

问题前句：1．The method used by the Columbia University researchers can predict E1 Nino a few months in advance．
A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned

2. The Columbia University researchers studied the relationship between the past EI Nino

occurrences and sea—surface temperatures．
新信息 新信息
在选取直接作为线索词/结构的内容时还要注意“标志原则”，比如在选定的“新信息内容”中“past EI Nino occurrences （过去发生的厄尔尼诺现象）和 sea—surface temperatures（海表温度）”由于这些结构词义的特点是很可能在文章中直接出现的结构，所以考虑采用“past EI Nino occurrences ”和 “sea—surface temperatures”作为直接答案线索。

“特征词” 是指在出现在要求考生作出判断的句子中表示“时间，人名，地名， 组织机构名”等，在文章如果出现往往很容易就会被发现的词语/结构，因为这些结构总是以特殊的形式出现在文章中：“时间”—往往是以阿拉伯数字的形式出现；“人名，地名， 组织机构名”—往往是以单词的首字母大写的形式出现。

另外，要求考生作出判断的句子中出现的修饰词，限制词（往往形容词/副词）可以直接考虑作为答案线索。在利用选出的词语/结构作为答案线索时要注意在文章出现的与这些词/结构含义相近的词语/结构。

El Nino （厄尔尼诺现象）
1． B．分析：利用句子中的特征词Columbia University researchers 和a few months in advance作为答案线索，这样发现答案相关句：While some forecasting methods had limited SUCCESS predicting the 1997 E1 Nino a few months in advance，the Columbia University researchers say their method can predict large E1 Nino events up to two years in advance．（问题句说“提前几个月”，而原文说“最远能提前到两年”，因此可见问题句的内容中有与原文不一致的地方，因此判断该句“不正确”。）

2．A．分析：利用句子中出现的核心结构EI Nino occurrences 和 sea—surface temperatures作为答案线索，这样发现答案相关句：Using a computer the researchers matched sea-surface temperatures to later El Nino occurrences between 1980 and 2000 （该划线结构的含义基本上与问题句的内容一致，还需要对信息1进行判断--辨别the researchers是否就是“The Columbia University researchers”，而前文中出现的就是“The Columbia University researchers”，因此判断信息1和信息2的内容都在原文中有呼应的内容，因此判断该句的说法正确。）

3．C．分析：该题涉及到的内容和前面出现的问题有关，注意到题干中出现的特征词（the first），因此判断对该词的确认是关键。利用该词作为答案线索，这样发现文章中没有这个词出现。因为该句是概括总结句，因此再利用句子出现的核心结构sea-surface temperatures 和the past EI Nino occurrences作为答案线索，发现涉及这两个结构的句子所表达的句意都与问题句的内容无关，因此判断问题句的说法“没提到”。

4． C． 分析：利用句子中出现的特征词Weare作为答案线索，这样发现答案相关句：but Bryan C．Weare, a meteorologist at the University of California, Davis，who was not involved in the work，said it“suggests‘E1 Nino is indeed predictable．”
“This will probably convince others to search around more for even better methods．”said Weare．He added that the new method“makes it possible to predict El Nino at 1ong lead times．” Other models also use sea-surface temperatures, but they have not looked as far back because they need other data，which is only available for recent decades，Weare said．(这些涉及到Weare的句子在内容上都没有讲述是否Weare在预测厄尔尼诺现象方面作出了贡献，也没有提到他的贡献是否得到了其他气象学家的高度赞扬)

5．B．分析：利用句子中出现的特征词Chinese report， in 1 99 1 and 1 997和200 million Chinese people作为答案线索，这样发现答案相关句：When El Nino hit in 199 1 and 1997, 200 million people were affected by flooding in China alone, according to a 2002 United Nations report．（该句的内容与问题句的内容不一致。）

6． A． 分析：该问题句内容和结构都较简单，句子中出现了一个数字（8个月），因此猜测对于这个数字的辨别是解题的关键。借助eight months 和句子中的核心词peak作为答案线索，这样找到答案相关句： E1 Nino tends to develop between April and June and reaches its peak between December and February（借助该句含义可以推出“El Nino需要大约8个月达到峰值”）

7． C．分析：利用句子中出现的核心词A special institute 和 America作为答案线索，这样发现文章中根本就没有提到“在美国建立一所特别的研究院”，因此该句为“没提到”。

第三部分：概括大意与完成句子 （每题1分，共8分）
阅读下面这篇短文，短文后有2项测试任务：（1）1---4 题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2--5 段每段选择1个正确的小标题；（2）第5--8题要求从所给的6个选项中选择4个正确的选项，分别完成每个句子。请将答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。

1．C 第三段解释了为什么soot会增加地球升温效应。
2．A 第四段介绍了soot在两方面起的作用：(1)soot增加了雪吸收太阳能量和热量的能力；(2)soot导致海洋和陆地上空的大气层发生变化。
3．F第六段的关键句子是：“…greenhouse gases are the primary cause of climate warming during the past century．” ．
4．B第七段介绍了在研究北半球的纬度、雪覆盖面和日照诸因素与气温升高之间的关系方面取得的成果。
5．B 选择B的依据是第一段。有关的句子是：。“…black soot may be responsible for 25 percent of observed global warming over the past century．”选项B中用了过去式contributed，也是选B的一个线索，因为第五题的题干中有in me twentieth century，这个时间状语要求谓语动词用过去式，而4个选项中只有B项的动词用的是过去式。
6．E Hansen cautioned和greenhouse gases仅出现在第六段。该段的大意是：虽然煤烟在改变全球气候方面所起的作用相当显著，但是上个世纪气温上升的主要因素还是温室气体。选项E概括了第六段的意思。
7．D 本题答案的依据是第二段第一句。
8．A本题答案的依据是第五段的下列句子： Soot’s increased absorption of solar energy is especially effective in warming the world’s climate．“This forcing is unusually effective， causing twice as much global warming as a carbon-dioxide forcing of the same magnitude，”Harisen noted．

第四部分：阅读理解（每题3分，共45分）
下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题，每道题后面有4个选项。请仔细阅读短文并根据短文回答其后面的问题，从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。

第1篇
1．B 第一段虽然提到了感冒常发生于冬天，但紧接下去说得很清楚：受凉并不导致感冒，所以A不是正确答案。文章第四段第一句说得明白：感冒通常是与感冒的人身体直接接触而传染的，而不是由打喷嚏或咳嗽传染的，所以C项也不是正确答案。至于D更是错误。答案B与第一段第三句的意义相吻合，因此是正确答案。
2．A 第五段的第一句话“Hygiene is your best defense”意思是“卫生是你的最佳防御”，与A项相吻合，因此A项是正确答案。同一段中提到的用消毒肥皂洗手，虽然也是保持卫生的手段之一，但仅是一个具体措施，不是全部措施，所以B项不是正确答案。C项提到的服阿司匹林是治感冒的手段之一，而非预防手段(况且没有说到“一天服两片”!)D项提到的多喝水在文中也指治疗手段，所以c和D都不是正确答案。
3．B 第二段中提到儿童平均一年得八次感冒，这是一个统计数据而不是儿童得感冒的原因；文中并没有说“儿童从不洗手”；文中也没有说“儿童不喜欢吃柠檬”；所以A、C、D都不对。B项与第二段最后一句意思一样，是正确答案。
4．C 第三段提到有150种感冒病毒，而人们绝不会被同一种病毒侵害两次，因为得了一次感冒后对相应的病毒就获得了免疫力，所以只有C项才符合第三段的内容。
5．D 本题谈的是文中提及的感冒症状。文中并没有提到得了感冒就胃疼，实际上文中根本就没有“stomachache”这个词或相关的字眼，所以D项是正确答案。

第2篇
1．B通篇文章谈的是把中非共和国的雨林重现于位于纽约的一个博物馆中。这就是本文的主旨。
2．A第二段第一句就说博物馆组织了20余位科学家到中非共和国实地考察与收集资料。选项B、C、D都与上述说法不符。
3．D 第三段提到选项A、B、C分别列出的声、像、味，但选项D没有提到。所以选项D是答案。
4．A第四段具体提到展品的距离、相互关系、动植物制作、灯光等问题，所以本段是涉及展览的设计、布局，选项A是正确的。
5．C最后一句点出了在博物馆展出雨林的目的，希望自然界的雨林不会消失。这个雨林展览也就不会成为自然界雨林惟一的存在形式。C是最接近原意的选项。

第3篇
1．A 第二段第一个句子是问题的答案。语音识别芯片嵌入(built．in)信用卡，当信用卡使用者输入口令时，就会自动被识别。
2．C 第四段告诉我们，工程师们还未完全达到他们的预想目标(Theyarenotquitethereyet。参见“注释”6)，也就是说，他们对这种信用卡还不满意，原因是，尽管和普通信用卡在长度和宽度~NN，但是厚度却有普通信用卡的三倍。因此，c是正确答案。
3．D 第七段告诉我们，this earlier technology cannot prevent fraudulent use of stolen cards．Thenewonecan．第八段第一句中的also说明，先前的语音信用卡也同样有发声系统，所以，B不是正确选项，C也不是正确选项，因为先前的语音信用卡也需要使用者输入身份信息。惟一不同的新技术是使用语音识别系统，只有在该系统确认121令是使用者本人发出的才继续工作。所以，D是正确答案。
4．c 第八段的第二句告诉我们，小偷即使知道口令，要模仿信用卡主人的声音是几乎能的。
5．A B、C和D的内容都是使用语音信用卡时要经过的程序。Switching on the electronics to maximize the battery life与文中的意思不符，更不是信用卡使用者使用时的操作程序，所以，A是答案。

第五部分：补全短文（每题2分，共10分）
阅读下面的短文，文章中有5处空白，文章后有6组文字，请根据文章的内容选择5组文字，将其分别放会文章原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。请将答案涂在答题卡相应的位置。

Agitated Sunspot Cause Trouble
1． D。词语呼应：D中charged particles与前句呼应， the earth与后句呼应。同时D在句意上与后句衔接。
2． B. B中的one与前句中的 a number of ways呼应，disturb与前句的influence呼应。
3． C。C中的earthquakes与后句中的earthquakes呼应。
4． F。F中的skin与前句中的skin disease呼应。
5． E。E中的communication situation与前句中的phone communication呼应。

第六部分：完型填空 （每题1分，共15分）
阅读下面的短文，文中有15处空白，每处空白给出了4个选项，请根据短文的内容从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案，并涂在答题卡相应的位置上。
1． C dark matter和dark energy都是forces，其他三个选项意思都搭不上。第二段讨论同一话题时用了the major forces，更说明选forces的正确性。
2． A know little(／something／much)about是固定搭配，被动态就是little is known about.
3． C 本题要填account for(占……份额)，因为后面接的是0．4 percent。wait f_or(等待)， long for(渴望)和look for(寻找)与0．4 percent都搭不上。
4． B 从意义上判断，本题用的词组应该是for some time。英语很少使用for some schedule， for some duration这种搭配。习惯上说for some period oftime。不说for some period。
5．D play a role in是固定搭配。display(陈列)，delay(延误)，relay(接力传送)意思搭配不上。
6．D 谓语动词用的是过去式appeared，只有说not long ago才对。before只胄黪饰发生在过去动作之前的另一个动作。试比较：
He saw her three days ago．、
(错旬：He saw herthreedays before．)
He said he had seen her three days before．
(错旬：He saidhe had seen her three days ago．)
7． A 前面出现Big Bang(宇宙大爆炸)，只有填入beginning上下文的意思才连贯。
8． C 从意义上判断，本题填的应该是important，fundamental，necessary之类的形容词。
9． B 若能理解下文的You can think of ordinary matter as a froth of an ocean of dark matter，就知道选little或few是不对。matter是不可数名词，不能用many修饰。选most在用法上、意思上都是正确的。
10．B 本段第一句是Dark matter dominated the formation of structure in the early universe．中间几句属扩展部分。最后一句为结论句，内容与第一句相呼应，所以选formation
11．A “Without…，would”是虚拟语气的常用句型。
12．C 本段第二旬说Itcannotbe seen ordetected…据此判断，第一句中应该填unknown。
13．D 本段第三句说从暗物质对天体产生的效应能推断暗物质的存在。据此，本题要填directly。
14．A 最高级adj．+复数n．+of a11”是固定搭配。据此，本题要填all。
15．B 本题要求填入引导主语从句的连词that。其他三个选项，意思与上下文都接不上。