职称英语样题(综合类)

第一部分　阅读理解　(75分)
第一篇　Hercules
Once　upon　a　time　there　was　a　great　Greek　hero,　Hercules.　He　was　taller　and　stronger　than　anyone　you　have　ever　seen.　On　his　shoulder　he　carried　a　club　and　in　his　hand　he　held　a　bow.　He　was　known　as　the　hero　of　a　hundred　adventures.
Hercules　served　a　king.　The　king　was　afraid　of　him.　So　again　and　again　he　sent　him　on　difficult　tasks.　One　morning　the　king　sent　for　him　and　told　him　to　fetch　three　golden　apples　for　him　from　the　garden　of　the　Singing　Maidens　(歌女).　But　no　one　knew　where　the　garden　was.
So　Hercules　went　away.　He　walked　the　whole　day　and　the　rest　day　and　the　next.　He　walked　for　months　before　he　saw　mountains　far　in　the　distance　one　fine　morning.　One　of　the　mountains　was　in　the　shape　of　a　man,　with　long,　long　legs　and　arms　and　huge　shoulders　and　a　bugs　head.　He　was　bolding　up　the　sky.　Hercules　knew　it　was　Atlas,　the　Mountain　God.　So　he　asked　him　for　help.
Atlas　answered,　'My　head　and　arms　and　shoulders　all　ache.　Could　you　hold　up　the　sky　while　I　fetch　the　golden　apples　for　you?'
Hercules　climbed　the　mountain　and　shouldered　the　sky.　Soon　the　sky　grew　very　heavy.　When　finally　Atlas　came　back　with　three　golden　apples,　he　said,　'Well　,　you　are　going　to　carry　the　mountain　for　ever.　I'm　going　to　see　the　king　with　the　apples.'　Hercules　knew　that　he　couldn't　fight　him　because　of　the　sky　on　his　back.　So　he　shouted:
'　Just　one　minute's　help.　My　shoulders　are　hurting.　Hold　the　sky　for　a　minute　while　I　make　a　cushion　(垫子)　for　my　shoulders.'
Atlas　believed　him.　He　threw　down　the　apples　and　help　up　the　sky.
Hercules　picked　up　the　apples　and　ran　back　to　see　the　king.

1.　What　do　you　know　about　Hercules　according　to　the　first　paragraph?
○A.　He　was　a　Greek　hero.
○B.　He　was　a　king.
○C.　He　was　the　Mountain　God.
○D.　He　was　a　man　of　adventures.

2.　Hercules　was　given　many　difficult　tasks　because　__________.
○A.　he　was　the　strongest　man.
○B.　the　king　wanted　to　get　rid　of　him.
○C.　the　king　wanted　to　test　his　strength.
○D.　those　tasks　had　to　be　done　anyway

3.　Which　of　the　following　can　best　describe　Atlas　according　to　the　text?
○A.　He　looked　like　a　mountain.
○B.　He　was　a　man　with　bug　shoulders　and　arms.
○C.　He　was　a　man　with　long　legs　and　a　huge　head.
○D.　He　was　the　giant　who　bled　up　the　sky.

4.　Atlas　got　the　golden　apples　for　Hercules　because　__________.
○A.　he　wanted　to　help　Hercules
○B.　he　was　afraid　of　Hercules.
○C.　he　did　not　want　to　hold　the　sky　any　more.
○D.　he　wanted　to　be　the　king　himself

5.　Hercules　finally　managed　to　get　the　apples　___________.
○A.　by　fooling　Atlas
○B.　by　defeating　Atlas
○C.　because　he　ran　faster　than　Atlas
○D.　because　Atlas　threw　down　the　apples

第二篇　Tokyo
Tokyo　is　one　of　those　places　that　you　can　love　and　hate　at　the　same　time.
In　Tokyo　there　are　always　too　many　people　in　the　places　where　I　want　to　be.　Of　course　there　are　too　many　cars.　The　Japanese　drive　very　fast　when　they　can.　But　in　Tokyo　they　often　spend　a　long　time　in　traffic　jams.　Tokyo　is　not　different　when　one　wants　to　walk.
At　certain　times　of　the　day　there　are　a　lot　of　people　on　foot　in　London's　Oxford　Street.　But　the　streets　near　Ginza　in　Tokyo　always　have　a　lot　of　people　on　foot,　and　sometimes　it　is　really　difficult　to　walk.　People　are　very　polite;　there　are　just　too　many　of　them.
The　worst　time　to　be　in　the　street　is　at　11:30　at　night.　That　is　when　the　night-clubs　are　closing　and　everybody　wants　to　go　home.　There　are　35,000　night-clubs　in　Tokyo,　and　you　do　not　often　see　one　that　is　empty.
Most　people　travel　to　and　from　work　by　train.　Tokyo　people　buy　six　million　train　tickets　every　day.　At　most　stations,　trains　arrive　every　two　or　three　minutes,　but　at　certain　hours　there　do　not　seem　to　be　enough　trains.　Although　they　are　usually　crowded,　Japanese　trains　are　very　good.　They　always　leave　and　arrive　on　time.　On　a　London　train　you　would　see　everybody　reading　a　newspaper.　In　Tokyo　trains　everybody　in　a　seat　seems　to　be　asleep,　whether　his　journey　is　long　or　short.
In　Tokyo,　I　stood　outside　the　station　for　five　minutes.　Three　fire-engines　raced　past　on　the　way　to　one　of　the　many　fires　that　Tokyo　has　every　day.　Tokyo　has　so　many　surprises　that　none　of　them　can　really　surprise　me　now.　instead,　I　am　surprised　at　myself:　I　must　go　there　next　year　on　business.　I　know　I　hate　the　overcrowded　city.　But　I　feel　like　a　man　who　is　returning　to　his　long-lost　love.

6.　Tokyo　is　different　from　London　in　that　____________.
○A.　it　has　a　smaller　population
○B.　it　is　an　international　city
○C.　it　is　more　difficult　to　go　somewhere　on　foot　in　Tokyo
○D.　its　people　are　friendlier　and　more　polite.

7.　What　time　does　the　writer　think　is　the　worst　time　to　go　into　the　street?
○A.　When　the　night-clubs　are　closing.
○B.　At　8　o'clock　in　the　morning.
○C.　When　the　train　is　overcrowded.
○D.　At　11:30　a.m.

8.　What　does　the　writer　say　about　Japanese　trains?
○A.　They　are　very　nice　and　comfortable.
○B.　There　are　not　enough　trains.
○C.　They　often　run　behind　schedule.
○D.　They　leave　and　arrive　at　the　right　time.

9.　From　the　writer's　observation,　we　can　see　that　fires　break　out　in　Tokyo　_______.
○A.　occasionally.
○B.　quite　frequently
○C.　not　very　often
○D.　twice　a　day

10.　The　writer　hates　Tokyo　mainly　because　the　city　_________.
○A.　is　dirty　and　the　people　are　impolite
○B.　has　been　seriously　polluted
○C.　is　crowded　and　noisy
○D.　is　not　modern　enough

第三篇　The　Child　Witness
Going　to　court　can　be　frightening,　especially　if　you　are　a　child.　You　may　have　to　stand　up　in　the　witness　(证人)　box,　and　swear　(发誓)　to　tell　the　truth　and　answer　questions　is　front　of　a　crowd　of　adults.　It　would　be　even　more　frightening　if　you　were　the　victim　of　a　crime　and　you　had　to　sit　in　the　same　courtroom　(法庭)　as　the　person　accused　of　attacking　you,　for　instance.
So　the　law　in　Britain　has　made　it　easier　for　children　to　act　as　witnesses.　Children　are　allowed　to　tell　what　they　know,　from　another　room　in　the　same　courthouse.　This　way　they　do　not　have　to　face　all　those　people　in　the　courtroom.
It　works　on　a　closed-circuit　(闭路的)　television　link,　which　means　that　the　TV　only　operates　inside　the　court.　The　child　witness　sits　in　a　room　with　a　social　worker　in　front　of　a　TV　camera.　Everyone　in　the　courtroom　can　see　the　child　on　a　TV　screen,　but　the　child　can　only　see　the　judge　and　the　lawyers　who　will　ask　him　or　her　questions.　The　system　has　been　so　successful　that　is　will　be　extended　to　more　courts　this　year.
Another　way　to　make　it　easy　for　a　child　to　act　a　witness　is　to　set　up　a　screen　is　the　court　room　around　the　witness　box　so　that　the　child　cannot　see　the　defendant　(被告).
Information　given　by　children　can　be　very　important　to　a　court　trial　(审判),　but　before　1988　the　law　did　not　really　recognizes　that　children　told　the　truth.　It　stated　that　anything　a　child　said　in　court　had　to　be　supported　by　other　evidence　in　the　case.

11.　A　child　witness,　if　he　were　the　victim　of　the　crime,　would　be　frightened　most　by　____________.
○A.　all　the　questions　he　had　to　answer
○B.　the　crowd　of　adults　he　had　to　face
○C.　the　judge　and　the　lawyers
○D.　the　person　accused　of　attacking　him

12.　The　most　important　point　of　the　new　system　that　made　things　easier　for　a　child　witness　is　that　______________.
○A.　he　does　not　see　the　defendant
○B.　he　speaks　in　front　of　a　TV　camera
○C.　he　is　in　another　room　is　the　same　courthouse
○D.　everyone　in　the　courtroom　can　see　the　child

13.　What　does　the　author　think　of　the　new　system　according　to　the　third　paragraph?
○A.　Not　very　good.
○B.　Very　successful.
○C.　Just　an　experiment.
○D.　Hardly　acceptable.

14.　Has　the　law　always　recognized　the　importance　of　children's　information　in　court?
○A.　No.
○B.　Yes.
○C.　Not　until　1988.
○D.　Before　1988,　yes.

15.　The　word　'case'　in　the　last　paragraph　means　__________.
○A.　a　particular　situation
○B.　a　particular　incident
○C.　a　trial
○D.　a　box

第二部分　完成句子　(25分)
根据短文内容完成句子，每个空格只能填一个单词。有的单词第一个字母已经给出，请将其余字母补全。
Television　is　the　USA
Thirty-four　percent　of　the　world's　television　sets　are　in　the　USA.　But　it　is　not　fair　that　some　foreigners　have　concluded　that　America　has　a　TV　culture.　Still　it　is　true　that　American　TV　has　great　power　and　can　make　or　break　well-known　people　in　front　of　the　camera.　There　are　a　thousand　stations　in　the　50　states,　and　in　most　places　there　is　a　choice　of　five　or　six　channels.　The　major　networks　(National　Broadcasting　Company,　Columbia　Broadcasting　System　and　the　American　Broadcasting　Company)　introduce　a　lot　of　new　shows　of　every　kind.　Those　dramas,　soap　operas,　talk　shows,　news　shows,　and　sport　shows　which　are　successful,　are　relayed　(转播)　throughout　America　and　are　often　sold　abroad.　Roots,　by　the　black　writer　Ales　Haley,　for　example,　was　sold　all　over　the　world.
Nearly　all　TV　in　the　USA　is　commercial,　and　programs　are　interrupted　every　quarter　of　an　hour　or　so　for　advertisements.　These　breaks　make　people　upset,　especially　during　some　exciting　action　in　a　good　film.　However,　commercials　do　make　it　possible　to　show　programs　on　TV　that　are　expensive　to　produce.
There　is　one　channel　where　there　are　no　commercial　breaks.　Programs　on　this　channel　are　run　by　the　Public　Broadcasting　Service　(PBS)　and　can　be　seen　all　over　the　USA.　Although　the　PBS　gets　a　grant　from　the　government,　the　government　does　not　interfere　in　any　way　in　the　organization　of　its　programs.　There　are　programs　on　everyday　affairs,　music,　the　arts,　as　well　as　serious　discussions　on　al　kinds　of　topics.　Some　programs　are　supported　by　companies　or　institutions,　but　these　organizations　are　not　allowed　to　influence　the　content　of　program.

16.　The　conclusion　made　by　some　foreigners　that　America　has　a　television　culture　is　not　f　.
17.　A　great　number　of　new　shows　are　introduced　by　t　he　leading　n　in　the　USA.
18.　There　is　just　one　c　without　breaks　for　advertisements　in　the　USA.
19.　While　people　are　watching　TV　programs,　breaks　for　advertisements　can　make　them　w　.
20.　Although　some　companies　supply　money　for　some　programs,　they　are　not　a　to　have　influence　upon　the　content　of　the　programs　in　any　way.

第三部分　阅读理解　(80分)
第一篇　How　to　Find　the　Best　Book　Reviews
Normally,　you　will　want　the　sources　for　a　paper　to　be　the　best　ones　possible.　Since　there　is　a　great　deal　of　material　available　on　most　subjects,　you　don't　want　to　waste　your　time　reading　an　inaccurate　or　superficial　book.　It　is　sometimes　wise,　therefore,　to　first　evaluate　a　book　for　accuracy　and　thoroughness.　If　you　are　unfamiliar　with　the　subject　of　executive　power,　for　example,　you　may　wonder　whether　or　not　the　book　President　and　Congress;　Power　and　Police,　by　L.　Fisher　(1972),　will　be　a　good　source　of　information.　The　essayist　way　to　find　it　out　is　to　read　some　reviews　of　the　book.
Book　reviews　appear　in　almost　every　newspaper　and　magazine.　To　quickly　find　the　reviews　you　want,　use　a　reference　book　such　as　Book　Review　Digest.　Beginning　in　1905,　its　editors　annually　compile　(编辑)　book　reviews　from　about　seventh-five　periodicals　(期刊)　and　newspapers　and　need　to　know　two　things　to　use　this　tool:　the　year　the　book　was　published　and　the　correct　spelling　of　the　author's　name.
A　reference　book　with　slightly　broader　coverage　(覆盖面)　is　Book　Review　Index　(1966-).　In　it,　however,　summaries　of　the　reviews　are　not　included.　A　newcomer,　Current　Book　Review　Citations　(引证),　is　even　better　for　books　published　from　1976　on,　since　it　indexes　the　book　reviews　that　are　listed　in　many　major　periodicals,　indexes.　One　caution　(警告)　when　searching　for　reviews　in　this　:　if　you　don't　find　one　under　the　year　a　book　was　published,　look　at　the　following　year　or　years.　Reviews　like　college　students,　sometimes　fall　behind　in　their　writing　schedules.

21.　It　is　necessary　to　read　reviews　because　you　want　to　___________.
○A.　know　everything　about　a　book
○B.　find　a　reliable　source　of　information
○C.　know　if　the　book　is　too　easy　or　hard
○D.　fine　the　author's　educational　background.

22.　where　can　you　very　quickly　find　the　book　reviews　you　want?
○A.　In　newspapers.
○B.　In　magazines.
○C.　In　Book　Review　Digest.
○D.　In　newspaper　supplements.

23.　IF　you　want　to　find　reviews　on　a　book　published　in　1920,　which　of　the　following　will　you　go　to?
○A.　Book　Review　Digest.
○B.　Book　Review　Index.
○C.　Current　Book　Review　Citations.
○D.　Both　A　and　B.

24.　If　you　need　the　most　thorough　information　of　reviews　on　a　recent　book,　which　of　the　following　do　you　go　to?
○A.　Book　Review　Digest.
○B.　Book　Review　Index.
○C.　Both　A　and　B.
○D.　Current　Book　Review　Citations.

25.　The　last　sentence　of　this　passage　implies　that　college　students　in　the　West　______.
○A.　often　hand　in　their　written　work　late.
○B.　do　not　like　making　plans.
○C.　always　finish　their　homework　on　time.
○D.　usually　follow　schedules.

第二篇　Coal　Mining
England　was　a　good　place　for　coal.　Near　the　seacoast　coal　was　often　washed　out　of　the　ground　onto　the　beaches.　Women　and　children　gathered　it　to　heat　homes　cheaply.　But　the　noble　class　people　once　refused　to　allow　cooking　over　coal　fires.　They　believed　coal　smoke　was　poisonous.
The　Dutch　(荷兰人)　too　were　mining　coal　in　1113.　But　as　they　dug　their　mines　deeper　and　deeper,　the　open　flames　of　oil　lamps　often　caused　the　gases　in　the　mines　to　explode.　It　was　not　until　1815　that　a　safety　lamp　was　invented.　Sir　Humphrey　Davy　invented　a　lamp　inside　a　covering.　The　covering　cooled　the　gases　enough　to　prevent　them　from　exploding.　And　the　flame　inside　the　lamp　burned　blue　when　gas　was　present.　This　is　still　a　valuable　tool　combining　lighting　with　safety.
Then　came　a　new　important　development.　James　Watt's　steam　engine　gave　human　beings　more　power　than　anyone　had　ever　before　imagined.　By　1760　coal　was　being　used　in　the　steam　engine　and　the　demand　for　coal　increased.　But　human　labor　was　still　the　only　power　for　mining.　More　workers　were　needed.　Sick　men,　old　men,　and　children　were　all　sent　to　work　in　the　mines.　Coal!　More　coal!　Work　them　all　to　death,　but　produce　the　coal!
Today,　mechanical　devices　have　replaced　much　of　the　hard　muscle　work　in　the　miner's　job.　Huge　machines　cut　into　rock　where　coal　is　to　be　found.　The　machines　break　the　coal　and　load　it　into　cars　or　onto　conveyor　beles　(传送带).　Huge　machines　lift　the　coal　,　at　12,000　pounds　a　minute,　onto　conveyor　beles　which　carry　the　coal　several　miles.　To　miners　a　hundred　years　ago,　all　this　would　have　seemed　like　a　kind　of　miner's　heaven!

26.　It　was　easy　for　women　and　children　to　gather　coal　in　England　because　_________.
○A.　they　lived　near　the　coal　mine
○B.　coal　was　washed　onto　the　ground
○C.　rich　people　refused　to　use　coal
○D.　England　was　rich　in　coal

27.　How　can　miners　know　whether　there　is　the　danger　of　gas　explosion　or　not?
○A.　From　the　smell　of　gases　around　them.
○B.　From　the　pressure　of　gases　inside　the　mine.
○C.　From　the　color　of　the　flame　inside　the　lamp.
○D.　From　the　height　of　the　flame　inside　the　lamp.

28.　According　to　the　passage,　the　invention　of　the　steam　engine　led　to　_______.
○A.　an　increasing　demand　for　coal
○B.　less　human　labor　for　mining
○C.　much　more　work　for　people　to　do
○D.　the　use　of　mechanical　devices　in　mining.

29.　Which　is　the　best　interpretation　of　'work　them　to　death,　but　produce　the　coal'　in　the　3rd　paragraph?
○A.　Coal　had　to　be　produced　even　if　many　miners　would　die　of　working　overtime.
○B.　Miners　were　not　afraid　of　death　in　order　to　produce　enough　coal.
○C.　Miners　were　made　to　work　till　they　died.
○D.　Every　miner　worked　to　death　to　produce　the　coal.

30.　The　last　paragraph　of　this　passage　says　that　_________.
○A.　human　labor　is　no　longer　needed　in　coal　mining
○B.　new　instruments　have　greatly　improved　coal　production
○C.　modern　machines　have　made　miners　lose　their　jobs
○D.　coal　mines　today　have　become　miners'　paradise

第四部分　概括大意　(20分)
给下面一篇文章的每一段概括大意。每一段的主题用一个或几个单词表示，空出的词已给出了第一个字母，请把其余字母补全。
31.　R　of　Women
Women's　rights　are　guarantees　of　political,　social,　and　economic　equality　for　women　in　a　society　that　traditionally　gives　more　power　and　freedom　to　men.　Among　these　rights　are　control　of　property,　equality　of　opportunity　in　education　and　employment,　right　of　voting,　and　freedom　of　marriage.　Today,　complete　political,　economic,　and　social　equality　with　men　remains　to　be　achieved.

32.　Traditional　Sta　of　Women
Male　control　was　obvious　from　the　time　of　the　earliest　written　historical　records,　probable　as　a　result　of　men's　role　in　hunting　and　warfare.　The　belief　that　women　were　naturally　weaker　and　inferior　to　men　was　also　found　in　god-centered　religions.　Therefore,　in　most　traditional　societies,　women　generally　were　at　a　disadvantage.　A　woman　had　no　legal　control　over　her　person,　her　own　land　and　money,　or　her　children.

33.　S　of　Women's　Rights　Movement
The　Age　of　Enlightenment　(启蒙时期)　and　the　Industrial　Revolution,　which　caused　economic　and　social　progress,　provided　a　favorable　climate　for　the　rise　of　women's　rights　movement　in　the　late　18th　and　the　19th　century.　In　1848　more　than　100　persons　held　the　first　women's　rights　convention　in　New　York,　and　the　feminists　(女权主义者)　demanded　equal　rights,　including　the　vote.

34.　Dev　
In　the　late　1960s　women　made　up　about　40　percent　of　the　work　force　in　England,　France,　Germany,　and　the　Untied　States.　This　figure　rose　to　more　than　50　percent　by　the　mid-1980s.　A　commission　under　the　President　was　established　in　1960　to　consider　equal　opportunities　for　women.　Acts　of　Congress　entitled　them　to　equality　in　education,　employment,　and　legal　rights.　In　1964　the　Civil　Rights　Act,　initially　intended　only　for　black,　was　extended　to　women.

35.　Go　
The　objectives　of　the　women's　movement　included　equal　pay　for　equal　work,　federal　support　for　day-care　centres,　recognition　of　lesbian　(女同性恋者)　rights,　making　abortion　(堕胎)　legal,　and　the　focus　of　serious　attention　on　the　problems　of　forced　sex　relations,　wife　and　child　beating,　and　discrimination　against　older　and　minority　women.

第五部分　阅读理解　(120分)
第一篇　Physicians　in　the　USA
Self-employed　private　physicians　who　charge　a　fee　for　each　patient　visit　are　the　foundation　of　medical　practice　in　the　United　States.　Most　physicians　have　a　contract　relationship　with　not　or　more　hospital　in　the　community.　They　send　their　patients　to　this　hospital,　which　usually　charges　patients　that　they　use.　Some　hospitals　belong　to　a　city,　a　state　or,　in　the　case　of　veterans'　hospitals,　a　federal　government　agency.　Others　are　operated　by　religious　orders　(教堂)　or　other　non-profit　groups.
Some　medical　doctors　are　on　salary.　Salaried　physicians　may　work　as　hospital　staff　members,　or　residents,　who　are　often　still　in　training.　They　may　teach　in　medical　schools,　be　hired　by　corporations　to　care　for　their　workers　or　work　for　the　federal　government's　Public　Health　Service.
Physicians　are　among　the　best　paid　professionals　in　the　United　States.　In　the　1980s,　it　was　not　uncommon　for　medical　doctors　to　earn　incomes　of　more　than　$　100,000　a　year.　Specialists,　particularly　surgeons,　might　earn　several　times　that　amount.　Physicians　list　many　reasons　why　they　deserve　to　be　so　well　rewarded　for　their　work.　One　reason　is　the　long　and　expensive　preparation　requited　to　become　a　physician　in　the　United　States.　Most　would　-be　physicians　first　attend　college　for　four　years,　which　can　cost　nearly　$　20,000　a　year　at　one　of　the　best　private　institutions.　Prospective　(未来)　physicians　then　attend　medical　school　for　four　years.　Tuition　alone　can　exceed　$　10,000　a　year.　By　the　time　they　have　obtained　their　medical　degrees,　many　young　physicians　are　deeply　in　debt.　They　still　face　three　to　five　years　of　residency　(实行阶段)　in　a　hospital,　the　first　year　as　an　apprentice　physician.　The　hours　are　long　and　they　pay　in　relatively　low.
Setting　up　a　medical　practice　is　expensive,　too.　Sometimes　several　physicians　will　decide　to　establish　a　group　practice,　so　they　can　share　the　expense　of　maintaining　an　office　and　buying　equipment.　These　physicians　also　of　each　other's　patients　in　emergencies.
Physicians　work　long　hours　and　must　accept　a　great　deal　of　responsibility.　Many　medical　procedures,　even　quite　routine　ones,　involve　risk.　It　is　understandable　that　physicians　want　to　be　well　rewarded　for　making　decisions　which　can　mean　the　difference　between　life　and　death.

36.　According　to　the　passage,　it　is　very　unlikely　that　an　American　hospital　is　owned　by　__________.
○A.　a　church
○B.　a　corporation
○C.　a　city
○D.　a　state

37.　The　expenses　for　becoming　a　doctor　are　spent　on　_________.
○A.　schooling　and　training
○B.　practice　in　a　hospital
○C.　facilities　he　or　she　uses.
○D.　education　he　or　she　receives

38.　According　to　the　passage,　how　long　does　it　take　for　a　would-be　physician　to　become　and　independent　physician　in　the　USA?
○A.　About　seven　years.
○B.　Eight　years.
○C.　Ten　years.
○D.　About　twelve　years.

39.　Sometimes　several　physicians　set　up　a　group　medical　practice　mainly　because　_______.
○A.　they　may　have　more　patients
○B.　they　can　take　turns　to　work　long　hours
○C.　facilities　may　be　a　big　burden　to　an　individual
○D.　no　one　wants　to　assume　too　much　responsibility

40.　Which　of　the　following　statements　could　fully　express　the　author's　view　towards　physicians'　payment　in　the　USA?
○A.　Physicians'　expensive　education　and　the　characteristics　of　their　work　make　them　well　deserve　the　handsome　pay
○B.　It　is　reasonable　for　physicians　to　have　a　large　income　because　their　work　is　very　dangerous.
○C.　Physicians　should　be　better　paid　because　they　work　long　hours　under　bad　conditions.
○D.　Physicians　shoulder　great　responsibility,　so　it　is　understand　able　that　they　should　be　well　rewarded.

第二篇　Water　Pollution　and　Man
Water　pollution　affects　man's　health,　recreational　use　of　water,　industrial　of　water　and　sense　of　beauty.
The　spread　of　water-carried　disease　is　of　great　concern.　In　highly　developed　countries　in　particular,　emphasis　has　shifted　from　concern　over　bacterial　disease　to　concern　over　water-carried　viral　(病毒性的)　disease.　Viral　hepatitis　(肝炎),　for　example,　has　been　found　to　occur　more　frequently　in　cities　whose　water　supplies　have　comparatively　high　levels　of　water　impurity.　Poisonous　chemicals　found　in　streams　that　are　ultimately　used　for　water　supplies　also　create　an　important　public　health　problem.
It　is　clear　that　poisonous　chemicals　must　be　excluded　from　water,　but　more　and　more　chemicals　from　new　pesticides,　fertilizers,　and　other　new　products　have　been　found　in　water.　Since　the　public　health　significance　of　these　chemicals　is　not　yet　fully　known,　they　are　of　increasing　concern.　The　chemicals　from　fertilizers　are　also　finding　their　way　into　water　supplies　from　groundwater　pollution.
As　man's　desire　for　water-based　recreation　increases,　greater　demands　are　placed　on　the　quality　of　water.　The　water　must　not　only　be　attractive　in　appearance　but　also　meet　certain　other　conditions.　Sports　such　as　swimming　involve　direct　contact　with　water,　and　so　water　standards　are　raised　higher.
The　range　of　water　quality　necessary　for　industrial　processes　varies　greatly　with　the　intended　use　of　to　water.　The　water　used　in　steel　mills,　for　example,　must　have　a　lower　chloride　(氯物)　level　than　that　accepted　for　drinking　water.　Cooling　water　can　often　be　of　comparatively　low　sanitary　quality.　A　large　part　of　the　water　used　in　the　paper-making　industry　can　be　of　relatively　low　quality　in　some　aspects,　but　must　contain　little　iron　and　carbon　dioxide.

41.　According　to　the　passage,　the　people　in　highly　developed　countries　today　are　most　concerned　about　_________.
○A.　bacterial　disease
○B.　water-carried　disease
○C.　poisonous　chemicals　in　streams
○D.　water　impurity

42.　The　chemicals　from　pesticides　and　fertilizers　found　in　water　are　of　increasing　concern　because　____________.
○A.　Their　significance　to　man's　health　has　not　been　completely　known.
○B.　they　may　cause　groundwater　pollution
○C.　they　can　find　their　way　into　water　supplies　for　farmers
○D.　they　are　important　factors　contributing　to　the　spread　of　disease

43.　According　to　the　passage,　water-based　recreation　demands　that　_______.
○A.　the　water　contain　a　higher　level　of　oxygen
○B.　the　water　contain　little　iron　and　carbon　dioxide
○C.　the　water　be　attractive　and　of　high　quality
○D.　the　water　standards　be　appropriate　for　all　sports

44.　In　the　last　paragraph,　the　author　mentions　all　of　the　following　except　_________.
○A.　water　quality　necessary　for　steel　mills
○B.　soft　water　and　hard　water　for　industrial　processes
○C.　cooling　water　of　low　sanitary　quality
○D.　water　standards　for　paper　mills

45.　As　the　passage　is　not　complete,　that　do　you　think　would　follow　in　its　full　text?
○A.　The　relationship　between　carbon　dioxide　and　paper　making.
○B.　Water　pollution's　direct　economic　effects　on　man.
○C.　Examples　of　continued　water　pollution.
○D.　Man's　views　on　water　pollution　in　terms　of　beauty　values.

第六部分　完形填空　(30分)
根据短文在空白处填上适当的单词，该单词的第一个字母已经给出。
Crime　and　Drugs
Despite　the　respect　of　most　Americans　for　law　and　the　determination　of　the　legal　system　to　protect　the　rights　of　individuals,　the　United　States,　like　all　other　countries,　does　experience　crime.　Especially　in　large　cities,　the　c　46　rate　can　be　high.
A　high　percentage　of　crime　in　the　United　States　in　directly　related　to　the　illegal　sale　and　u　47　of　drugs.　Drugs　are　smuggled　i　48　the　country　by　organized　groups　of　criminals　despite　intense　efforts　by　the　government　to　stop　the　illegal　drug　trade.　T　49　who　become　addicted　to　drug　use　sometimes　rob　or　break　into　houses　or　stores　to　get　money　to　pay　f　50　the　drugs.
Drug　use　has　caused　great　concern　i　51　the　United　States.　The　federal　government　has　worked　hard　to　stop　the　growing　of　drug　plants　in　other　c　52　.　It　has　also　set　up　special　agencies,　sometimes　working　with　agencies　from　o　53　nations,　to　catch　the　smugglers　outside　and　inside　the　United　States.　Teachers　and　many　other　citizens　work　together　to　t　54　children　about　the　dangers　of　drug　use.　Many　government　agencies　in　the　states　and　private　citizen　groups　work　to　help　drug　addicts　give　u　55　their　drug　use　and　turn　to　useful　lives.