2013年职称英语考试理工类冲刺试卷及答案(1)
下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题确定1个最佳选项。
第一篇
The Clock That Wake You When You Are Ready
Are you a real grump (脾气坏的人) in the mornings? Do you wake up every day feeling tired, angry and upset, and all too ready to flit the snooze (瞌睡) button? If so, then a new alarm clock could be just for you.
The clock, called Sleep Smart, measures your sleep cycle, and waits for you to be in your lightest phase of sleep before waking you up, Its makers say that should ensure you wake up feeling refreshed (恢复精力) every morning.
As you sleep you pass through a sequence of sleep states light sleep, deep sleep and REM sleep (快速眼动睡眼) that repeats approximately every 90 minutes. The points in that cycle at which you wake can affect how you feel later, and may even have a greater impact than how long or little you have slept. Being wakened during a light phase means you are more likely to wake up cheerful and full of life and interest.
Sleep Smart records the distinct pattern of brain waves produced during each phase of sleep, via a headband equipped with electrodes (电极) and a microprocessor. This measures electric activity of the wearer's brain, and communicates wirelessly with a clock unit near the bed. You program the clock with the latest time at which you want to be wakened, and it then at the proper time wakes you during the last light sleep phase before that.
The concept was invented by a group of students at Brown University in Rhode Island after a friend complained of waking up tired and performing poorly on a test. "As sleep-deprived (剥夺) people ourselves, we started thinking of what to do about it," says Eric Shashoua, a recent college graduate and now chief executive officer of Axon Sleep Research Laboratories, a company created by the students to develop their idea. They have almost finished a prototype and plan to market the product by next year.
31. Sleep Smart is a clock that
A．enables you to go to sleep.
B．enables you to sleep deeply.
C．enables you to get up early.
D．wakes you up during your last light sleep phase
32. As you sleep, the headband
A．analyses your sleep cycle every 90 minutes.
B．records the time when you fall into deep sleep.
C．communicates wirelessly with a computer
D．measures the electric activity of your brain.
33. What should the sleeper do to make the device work?
A．He should press the snooze button in time,
B．He should turn on the microprocessor in the clock.
C．He should set the latest time for waking up.
D．He should adjust his headband.
34. The idea of making such a clock was developed by a group of
A．students at Brown University.
B．teachers at Brown University.
C．sleep-deprived scientists.
D．former engineers at Axon Sleep Research Laboratories.
35. The word “prototype” (paragraph 5) means
A．“form”.
B．“model”.
C．“brand”.
D．“cycle”.
Living with Computer
After too long on the Net, even a phone call can be a shock. My boyfriend’s Liverpudian accent suddenly becomes hard to understand after the clarity of his words on screen; a secretary’s tone seems more rejecting than I’d imagined it would be. Time itself becomes fluid - hours become minutes, and alternately seconds stretch into days. Weekends, once a highlight of my week, are now just two ordinary days.
For the last three years, since I stopped working as a producer for Charlie Rose, I have done much of my work as a tele-commuter (远程交谈者). I submit articles and edit them via E-mail and communicate with. colleagues on Internet mailing lists. My boyfriends lives in England, so much of our relationship is computer-mediated.
If I desired, I could stay inside for weeks without wanting anything. I can order food, and manage my money, love and work. In fact, at times I have spent as long as three weeks alone at home, going out only to get mail and buy newspapers and groceries. I watched most of the blizzard (暴风雪)of ' 96 on IV.
But after awhile, life itself begins to feel unreal. I start to feel as though I've merged with my machines, taking data in, spitting them back out, just another node (节点) on the Net. Others on linereport the same symptoms. We start to strongly dislike the outside forms of socializing. It' s like attending an A.A．meeting in a bar with everyone holding a half-sipped drink. We have become the Net opponents’ worst nightmare.
What first seemed like a luxury, crawling from bed to computer, not worrying about hair, and clothes and face, has become an avoidance, a lack of discipline. And once you start replacing real human contact with cyber-interaction (网上交流),coming back out of the cave can be quite difficult.
At times, I turn on the television and just leave it to chatter in the background, something that I’d never done previously. The voices of the programs soothe (安慰) me, but then I' m jarred (使感到不快)by the commercials. I find myself sucked in by soap operas, or compulsively (强制性地) needing to keep up with the latest news and the weather. “Dateline,”“Frontline,”“Nightline,” cnn, every possible angle of every story over and over and over, even when they are of no possible use to me. Work movers from foreground to background.
36. Compared with the clear words of her boyfriend on screen, his accent is
A．obscure.
B．distinct.
C．unreal.
D．misleading.
37. The passage implies that the writer and her boyfriend live in
A．England.
B．different countries.
C．the same city.
D．the same country.
38. Living alone in a house, the writer seems to
A．have totally forgotten her work.
B．be afraid of her neighbors.
C．get some comfort from TV programs.
D．have gone crazy.
39. We learn from the passage that the writer
A．is fed up with the Net opponents.
B．prefers people to the computer.
C．is addicted to the computer.
D．does not like human contact.
40. The phrase “coming back out of the cave” in the fifth paragraph means
A．“coming back home”.
B．“giving up the present job”.
C．“living a lnxurious life”.
D．“restoring real human contact”.
The Science of the Future
Until recently, the "science of the future" was supposed to be electronics and artificial intelligence. Today it seems more and more likely that the next great breakthroughs in technology will be brought through a combination of those two sciences with organic chemistry and genetic engineering. This combination is the science of biotechnology.
Organic chemistry enables us to produce marvelous synthetic(合成的)materials. However, it is still difficult to manufacture anything that has the capacity of wool to conserve heat and also to absorb moisture. Nothing that we have been able to produce so far comes anywhere near the combination of strength, lightness and flexibility that we find in the bodies of ordinary insects.
Nevertheless. scientists in the laboratory have already succeeded in "growing" a material that has many of the characteristics of human skin. The next step may well be "biotech hearts and eyes" which can replace diseased organs in human beings. These will not be rejected by the body, as is the case with organs from humans.
The application of biotechnology to energy production seems even more promising. In 1996 the famous science. fiction writer, Arthur C．Clarke, many of whose previous predictions have come true. said that we may soon be able to develop remarkably cheap and renewable sources of energy. Some of these power sources will be biological. Clarke and others have warned us repeatedly that sooner or later we will have to give up our dependence on non-renewable power sources. Coal, oil and gas are indeed convenient. However, using them also means .creating dangerously high levels of pollution. It will be impossible to meet the growing demand for energy without increasing that pollution to catastrophic(灾难性的)levels unless we develop power sources that are both cheaper and cleaner.
It is attempting to think that biotechnology or some other “science of the future” can solve our problems. Before we surrender to that temptation we should remember nuclear power. Only a few generations ago it seemed to promise limitless, cheap and safe energy. Today those promises lie buried in a concrete grave in a place called Chernobyl, in the Ukraine. Biotechnology is unlikely, however, to break its promises in quite the same or such a dangerous way.
41. According to the passage, the science of the future is likely to be
A．electronics.
B．biotechnology.
C．genetic engineering.
D．nuclear technology.
42. Organic chemistry helps to produce materials that are
A．as good as wool.
B．as good as an insect’s body.
C．not as good as natural materials.
D．better than natural materials.
43. According to the passage, it may soon be possible
A．to make something as good as human skin.
B．to produce drugs without side effects.
C．to transplant human organs.
D．to make artificial hearts and eyes.
44. In 1996. Arthur C．Clarke predicted that
A．biological power sources would be put into use soon.
B．oil, gas and coal could be repeatedly used in the future.
C．dependence on non-renewable power sources would be reduced soon
D．the Chernobyl disaster would happen in two years.
45. What do we learn from the last paragraph?
A．Biotechnology can solve all our future energy problems.
B．Biological power is cheaper than nuclear power.
C．Biological power may not be as dangerous as nuclear power
D．Biological power will keep all its promises.
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