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2014年职称英语理工类C级考前押题(一)

2014-03-07来源:和谐英语

　　三、阅读理解

　　In the mid 1940's, the young ambitious duo Ruth and Elliot Handler, owned a company that made wooden pictures frames. It was in 1945 that Ruth and Elliot Handler joined with their close friend Harold Mattson to form a company that would be known for the most famous and successful doll ever created. This company would be named Mattel, MATT for Mattson, and EL for Elliot.

　　In the mid 1950's, while visiting Switzerland, Ruth Handler purchased a German Lilli doll. Lilli was a shapely, pretty fashion doll first made in 1955. She was originally fashioned after a famous cartoon character in the West German Newsletter, Build.

　　Lilli is the doll that would inspire Ruth Handler to design the Barbie doll. With the help of her technicians and engineers at Mattel, Barbie was born. Ruth then hired Charlotte Johnson, a fashion designer, to create Barbie's wardrobe. It was in 1958 that the patent for Barbie was obtained. This would be a fashion doll unlike any of her time. She would be long limbed, shapely, beautiful, and only 11.5 inches tall. Ruth and Elliot would name their new fashion doll after their own daughter, Barbie.

　　In 1959, the Barbie doll would make her way to the New York Toy Show and receive a cool reception from the toy buyers.

　　Barbie has undergone a lot of changes over the years and has managed to keep up with current trends in hairstyles, makeup and clothing. She is a reflection of the history of fashion since her introduction to the toy market.

　　Barbie has a universal appeal and collectors both young and old enjoy time spent and memories made with their dolls.

　　1. When Ruth and Elliot Handler was young, they had a strong desire

　　A) to go to school.

　　B) to take photos.

　　C) to make frames.

　　D) to be highly successful.

　　2. Who owned Mattel?

　　A) Mattson.

　　B) Elliot.

　　C) Harold Mattson and Elliot Handler.

　　D) Harold Mattson, Ruth and Ellion Handler.

　　3. It can be inferred from the second paragraph that Lilli was fashioned after

　　A) Build.

　　B) a German doll.

　　C) a pretty girl.

　　D) a shapely woman.

　　4. Where did Ruth Handler's inspiration for the design of the Barbie doll come from?

　　A) Barbie.

　　B) Lilli.

　　C) Charlotte Johnson.

　　D) A fashion designer.

　　5. Which of the following statements is NOT true of the Barbie doll?

　　A) She does not attract young men.

　　B) She has undergone many changes over the years.

　　C) She is 11.5 inches tall.

　　D) She has managed to keep up with fashion.

　　Why Are America's Kids So Stressed

　　I'm usually fairly skeptical about any research that concludes that people are either happieror unhappier or more or less certain of themselves than they were 50 years ago. While any ofthese statements might be true, they are practically impossible to prove scientifically. Still, Iwas struck by a report which concluded that today's children are significantly more anxious thanchildren in the 1950s. In fact, the analysis showed, normal children ages 9 to 17 exhibit ahigher level of anxiety today than children who were treated for mental illness 50 years ago.

　　Why are America's kids so stressed? The report cites two main causes: increasing physicalisolation -- brought on by high divorce rates and less involvement in community, among otherthings -- and a growing perception that the world is a more dangerous place.

　　Given that we can't turn the clock back, adults can still do plenty to help the next generation cope.

　　At the top of the list is nurturing a better appreciation of the limits of individualism. Nochild is an island. Strengthening social ties helps build communities and protect individualsagainst stress.

　　To help kids build stronger connections with others, you can pull the plug on TVs andcomputers. Your family will thank you later. They will have more time for face-to-facerelationships, and they will get more sleep.

　　Limit the amount of virtual violence your children are exposed to. It's not just video games and movies; children see a lot of murder and crime on the local news.

　　Keep your expectations for your children reasonable. Many highly successful people never attended Harvard or Yale.

　　Make exercise part of your daily routine. It will help you cope with your own anxieties andprovide a good model for your kids. Sometimes anxiety is unavoidable. But it doesn't have toruin your life.

　　The author thinks that the conclusions of any research about people's state of mind are_______.

　　A.surprising

　　B.confusing

　　C.illogical

　　D.questionable

　　37、 What does the author mean when he says, "we can't turn the clock back"?

　　A.It's impossible to slow down the pace of change.

　　B.The social reality children are facing cannot be changed.

　　C.Lessons learned from the past should not be forgotten.

　　D.It's impossible to forget the past.

　　38、 According to an analysis, compared with normal children today, children treated as mentally ill 50 years ago_______.

　　A.were less isolated physically

　　B.were probably less self-centered

　　C.probably suffered less from anxiety

　　D.were considered less individualistic

　　39、 The first and most important thing parents should do to help their children is_______.

　　A.to provide them with a safer environment

　　B.to lower their, expectations for them

　　C.to get them more involved socially

　　D.to set a good model for them to follow

　　40、 What conclusion can be drawn from the passage?

　　A.Anxiety, though unavoidable, can be coped with.

　　B.Children's anxiety has been enormously exaggerated.

　　C.Children's anxiety can be eliminated with more parental care.

　　D.Anxiety, if properly controlled, may help children become mature.

　　Clone Farm

　　Factory farming could soon enter a new era of mass production. Companies in the US aredeveloping the technology needed to "clone" chickens on a massive scale. Once a chicken withdesirable traits has been bred or genetically engineered tens of thousands of eggs, which willhatch into identical copies, could roll off the production lines every hour. Billions of clonescould be produced each year to supply chicken farms with birds that all grow at the same rate,have the same amount of meat and taste the same.

　　This, at least, is the vision of the US's National Institute of Science and Technology,which has given Origen, Therapeutics of Burlingame, California, and Embrex of North CarolinaUSD 4. 7 million to help fund research. The prospect has alarmed animal welfare groups, whofear it could increase the suffering of farm birds.

　　That's unlikely to put off the poultry industry, however, which wants disease-resistant birds that grow faster on less food. "Producers would like the same meat quantity but to use reducedinputs to get there", says Mike Fitzgerald of Origen. To meet this demand, Origen aims to"create an animal that is effectively cloned", he says. Normal cloning doesn't work in birdsbecause eggs can't be removed and implanted. Instead, the company is trying to bulk-growembryonic stem cells taken from fertilized eggs as soon as they're laid. "The trick is to culturethe cells without them starting to distinguish, so they remain pluripotent", says Fitzgerald.

　　Using a long-established technique, these donor ceils will then be injected into the embryoof a freshly laid, fertilized recipient egg, forming a chick that is a "chimera". Strictly speakinga chimera isn't a clone, because it contains cells from both donor and recipient. But Fitzgeraldsays it will be enough, say, 95 percent of a chicken's body develops from donor cells. "In thepoultry world, it doesn't matter if it's not 100 percent," he says.

　　Another challenge for Origen is to scale up production. To do this, it has teamed up with"Embrex, which produces machines that can inject vaccines into up to 50, 000 eggs an hour.Embrex is now trying to modify the machines to locate the embryo and inject the cells intoprecisely the right spot without killing it.

　　In future, Origen imagines freezing stem cells from different strains of chicken. If orderscome in for a particular strain, millions of eggs could be produced in months or even weeks. Atpresent, maintaining all the varieties the market might call for is too expensive for breeders, andit takes years to breed enough chickens to produce the billions of eggs that farmers need.

　　Which statement is the best description of the new era of factory farming according to the first paragraph?

　　A.Eggs are all genetically engineered.

　　B.Thousands of eggs are produced every hour,

　　C.Cloned chickens are bulk-produced with the same growth rate, weight and taste.

　　D.Identical eggs can be hatched on the production lines.

　　42、 Which institution has offered USD 4. 7 million to fund the research?

　　A.The US's National Institute of Science and Technology.

　　B.Origen Therapeutics of Burlingame, California.

　　C.Embrex of North Carolina.

　　D.Animal welfare groups.

　　43、 In the third paragraph, by saying " Producers would like the same meat quantity but to use reduced inputs to get there" Mike Fitzgerald means that he wishes

　　A.chickens' quality could be maintained but with less investment

　　B.chickens' taste could be improved but at less costs

　　C.chickens' growth rate could be quickened but with less inputs

　　D.chickens could grow to the same weight but with less feed

　　44、 Which of the following statements about Origen and Embrex is correct according to the fifth paragraph?

　　A.Origen and Embrex will jointly invent machines to increase production.

　　B.Origen wants to purchase an efficient donor cell-injecting machine.

　　C.Origen has joined hands with Embrex in producing cell-injecting machines.

　　D.Origen is the leading company in producing embryo-locating machines.

　　45、 The technology of freezing stem cells from different strains of chicken can do all the following EXCEPT that

　　A.farmers can order certain strains of chicken only

　　B.Origen can supply all the strains of chicken the market might need