2014年职称英语理工类A级考前押题(三)

　　第四部分：阅读理解。

      短文后有5道题，每道题后面有4个选项。请仔细阅读短文并根据短文回答其后面的问题，从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。

　　Stress Level Tied to Education Level

　　People with less education suffer fewer stressful days, according to a report in the current issue of the Journal of Health and Social Behavior.

　　However, the study also found that when 1ess- educated people did suffer stress it was more severe and had a larger impact on their health.

　　From this, researchers have concluded that the day-to- day factors that cause stress are not random.Ⅵ r11ere you are in society determines the kinds of problems that you have each day, and how well you will cope with them.

　　The research team interviewed a national sample of 1.03 1 adults daily for eight days about their stress level and health.People without a high school diploma reported stress on 30 percent of the study days，people with a high school degree reported stress 38 percent of the time，and people with college degrees reported stress 44 percent of the time.

　　‘‘Less advantaged people are less healthy on a daily basis and are more likely to have downward turns in their health。’”lead researcher Dr.Joseph Grzywacz，of Wake Forest University Baptist Medical Center, said in a prepared statement.“The downward turns in health were connected with daily stressors.and the effect of daily stressors on their health is much more devastating for the less advantaged.”

　　Grzywacz suggested follow-up research to determine why less- educated people report fewer days of stress when it is known their stress is more acute and chronic.

　　“If something happens every day, maybe it’snot seen as a stressor”Grzywacz says.“Maybe it is just 1ife.”

　　词汇：

　　stressful adj.紧张的;压力重的

　　diploma n.毕业文凭，毕业证书

　　stressor n.紧张刺激物

　　devastating adj.毁灭性的

　　follow-up n.(对病人的)随访

　　1. Stress level is closely related to

　　A)family size.

　　B)social status.

　　C)body weight.

　　D)work experience.

　　2.The 1.03 1 adults were interviewed

　　A)on adaily basis for 8days.

　　B)during one of eight days.

　　C)all by Grzywacz.

　　D)in groups.

　　3. Which group reported the biggest number of stressful days?

　　A)People without any education.

　　B)People without high school degrees.

　　C)People with high school degrees.

　　D)People with college degrees.

　　4.The less advantaged people are，the greater

　　A)the impact of stress on their health is.

　　B)the effect of education on their health is

　　C)the level of their education is.

　　D)the degree of their health concern is.

　　5.Less—educated people report fewer days of stress possibly because

　　A)they don’t want to tell the truth.

　　B)they don’t want to face the truth.

　　C)stress is too common a factor in their life.

　　D their stress is more acute.

　　第二篇

　　A Trip

　　Every year New Zealanders living in London can be seen loading up Kombi vans and heading off to experience the “classic European holiday”. The trip usually starts in the north of France, after crossing the channel from Dover in England to Calais, driving down through France, over the Pyrenees into Spain, west into Portugal and then across the Continent to Italy and often beyond.

　　There are numerous reasons young New Zealanders take this rite of passage-as well as seeing all the fantastic sights and tasting the delights of Europe's food and wine, it's relatively inexpensive. The Kombi is transport and accommodation all in one, cutting down significantly on costs.

　　There is just one problem. As the Kombis become “antique”, these trips are usually punctuated with numerous roadside sessions as the van sits idle, in no hurry to start, while you swelter in the hot sun. But do not let this deter you. Travelling Europe in your own vehicle means no public transport schedules to cramp your style, the ability to explore the quaint, off-the-beaten-track villages where the “real” locals live, freedom to not have to book accommodation in advance--you can nearly always get a campsite and can load your vehicle with cheap, fantastic regional wines and souvenirs. With these bonuses in mind, here are some suggestions for planning the great Europe road adventure. The key to a pleasurable driving experience is a good navigator and a driver with a cool head. If you do not feel relaxed driving around New Zealand's cities and highways, then you probably will not enjoy driving around Europe. As copilot to the driver, you need to read (and understand) maps, look out for turn-offs-and keep the music playing. Language is not a big problem once a few essential terms are mastered. The biggest challenge is in the cities, where traffic can be chaotic and elaborate one-way systems and narrow, cobbled alleyways can make finding your destination hard work. It can be easier to leave the vehicle on the outskirts of town or in a camping ground and use public transport. This also avoids paying for costly parking.

　　36　According to the passage, the trip usually starts in __________.

　　A　France

　　B　England

　　C　Spain

　　D　Italy

　　37　The underlined word “Kombi” (Para. 1) most probably means “__________ ”.

　　A　the name of the trip

　　B　the friend going with you

　　C　the brand of the van

　　D　the name of a hotel

　　38 In the sentence “it's relatively inexpensive.” (Para.2), “it” most probably refers __________.

　　A　the trip

　　B　the transportation

　　C　the accommodation

　　D　the food and wine

　　39　What is the biggest trouble? __________

　　A　The Kombis become too old.

　　B　Language.

　　C　People may not enjoy the driving experience.

　　D　Finding one's destination is hard for the busy traffic in cities.

　　40　What is the nationality of the target readers? __________

　　A　New Zealand.

　　B　England.

　　C　France.

　　D　Spain.

　　第三篇

　　Hack

　　The first big-name hackers include Steve Wozniak, Bill Gates and Linus Torvalds, all now highly recognizable names behind many of the computer technologies used today. These early hackers had a love of technology and a compelling need to know how it all worked, and their goal was to push programs beyond what they were designed to do. Back then, the word “hacker” didn't have the negative connotation it has today. The original hacker ethic, rooted out of simple curiosity and a need to be challenged, appears to be dead.

　　The objectives of early hackers are a far cry from the goals of today's hacker. The motivation of the new breed of hackers appears not to be curiosity, or a hunger for knowledge, as it used to be. Instead, most of today's hackers are driven by greed, power, revenge, or some other malicious intent, treating hacking as a game or sport, employing the tools that are readily available via the Internet.

　　The rate of security attacks is actually outpacing the growth of the Internet. This means that something besides the growth of the Internet is driving the rise in security attacks. Here are some realities you should know about: Operating systems and applications will never be secure. New vulnerabilities will be introduced into your environment every day. And even if you ever do get one operating system secure, there will be new operating systems with new vulnerabilities-phones, wireless devices, and network appliances. Employees will never keep up with security polices and awareness. It doesn't matter how much you train and educate your employees. If your employees disregard warnings about the hazards of opening question-able e-mail attachments, how are you going to educate them about properly configuring fire-walls and intrusion detection systems for their PCs? Managers have more responsibility than ever. And on top of the realities listed above, security managers are being asked to support increasing degrees of network availability and access. There are some good security measures you can take: Employ a layer 7, full-inspection firewall. Automatically update your anti-virus at the gateway, server and client. Keep all of your systems and applications updated. Hackers commonly break into a Web site through known security holes, so make sure your servers and applications are patched and up to date. Turn off unnecessary network services. Eliminate all unneeded programs. Scan network for common backdoor services-Use intrusion detection systems, vulnerability scans, antivirus protection.

　　41　Which of the following statements of Steve Wozniak, Bill Gates and Linus Torvalds is TRUE? __________

　　A　They are all good examples of today's computer users.

　　B　They are driven by greed, power, revenge, or some other malicious intent.

　　C　Their goal is to push programs beyond what they are designed to do.

　　D　They are all dead.

　　42　The underlined word “hacker” (Para. 1) most probably means “__________ ”

　　A　highly recognizable names behind many of the computer technologies used today

　　B　the negative connotation of those computer users

　　C　a game, employing the tools that are readily available via the Internet

　　D　People who break into computer systems

　　43　Which of the following is NOT true of security attacks? __________

　　A　Employees will keep up with security polices and awareness if they are highly-trained.

　　B　The rate of security attacks appears faster than the growth of the Internet.

　　C　One's computer system will never be secure.

　　D　Vulnerabilities can go through phones, wireless devices, and network appliances.

　　44　What is the most important one among the realities listed? __________

　　A　New vulnerabilities will be introduced into your environment every day.

　　B　If employees disregard warnings about the hazards of opening questionable e-mail attachments, the manager should educate them about properly configuring firewalls and intrusion detection systems for their PCs.

　　C　Managers have more responsibility than ever.

　　D　Security managers are asked to support increasing degrees of network availability and access.

　　45　Various security measures are recommended EXCEPT __________.

　　A　turning off network services

　　B　employing a full-inspection firewall

　　C　making sure that servers and applications are patched

　　D　eliminating all unneeded programs