2014年职称英语考试《理工类A级》冲刺试卷(二)

下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题，每道题后面有4个选项。请根据文章的内容，从每题所给的4个选项中选择个最佳答案，涂在答题卡相应的位置上。

31、回答31-45题：
Mobile Phone and Diseases
A study by scientists in Finland has found that mobile phone radiation can cause changes in human cells that might affect the brain, the leader of the research team said.
But Darius Leszczynski, who headed the 2-year study and will present findings next week at a conference in Quebec(魁北克), said more research was needed to determine the seriousness of the changes and their impact on the brain or the body.
The study at Finland's Radiation and Nuclear Safety Authority found that exposure to radiation from mobile phones can cause increased activity in hundreds of proteins in human cells grown in a laboratory, he said.
“We know that there is some biological response．We can detect it with our very sensitive approaches, but we do not know whether it can have any physiological effects on the human brain or human body,” Leszczynski said.
Nonetheless the study, the initial findings of which were published last month in the scientific journal Differentiation, raises new questions about whether mobile phone radiation can weaken the brain's protective shield against harmful substances.
The study focused on changes in cells that line blood vessels and on whether such changes could weaken the functioning of the blood-brain barrier, which prevents potentially harmful substances from entering the brain from the bloodstream, Leszczynski said.
The study found that a protein called hsp27 linked to the functioning of the blood-brain barrier showed increased activity due to irradiation and pointed to a possibility that such activity could make the shield more permeable(能透过的), he said.
“Increased protein activity might cause cells to shrink—not the blood vessels but the cells themselves—and then tiny gaps could appear between those cells through which some molecules could pass．” he said.
Leszczynski declined to speculate on what kind of health risks that could pose, but said a French study indicated that headache, fatigue and sleep disorders could result.
“These are not life-threatening problems but can cause a lot of discomfort,” he said, adding that a Swedish group had also suggested a possible link with Alzheimer's disease.
“Where the truth is do not know,” he said.
Leszczynski said that he, his wife and children use mobile phones, and he said that he did not think his study suggested any need for new restrictions on mobile phone use.
According to Leszczynski, how does mobile phone affect one's health? ________
A．Mobile phone radiation can increase protein activities and such activities can make the protective shield more permeable.
B．Mobile phone radiation can shrink the blood vessels and prevent blood from flowing smoothly.
C．Mobile phone radiation will bring stress to people exposed to it.
D．Mobile phone radiation kills blood cells at a rapid speed.


32、What's the result of the French study? ________
A．The harm of mobile phone radiation is life-threatening.
B．Mobile phone may affect one's normal way of thinking.
C．Sleep disorders could result from mobile phone radiation.
D．A protein called hsp27 is killed by mobile phone radiation.


33、What kind of disease is not caused by the use of mobile phone? ________
A．Fatigue.
B．Headache.
C．Alzheimer's disease.
D．Tuberculosis.


34、According to the passage, what would be the future of the use of mobile phone? ________
A．People will be forbidden to use mobile phone.
B．People dare not use mobile phone because of its radiation.
C．People will continue to use mobile phone.
D．There will be new restrictions on the use of mobile phone.


35、Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage? ________
A．The research in Finland found that mobile phone radiation will affect one's brain.
B．Mobile phone radiation can cause increased activity in hundreds of protein in human cells.
C．Increased protein activity might cause cells to shrink.
D．Lszczynski forbid his wife and children to use mobile phone after his research.

36、回答36-50题：
Newspapers often tell us of floods in some parts of the United States.
Nearly every year on the great central drainages heavy rains and melting snow cause the waters to pour out the mountains and plains, to turn brooks into torrents, and to swell quiet streams into wild uncontrolled rivers．From Cairo to New Orleans, and from Pittsburgh to Paducah, the cry "River rising!" is a familiar yet fearful voice．．．When the rivers sometimes become too high or too swift to be controlled communities are flooded, families flee from their homes, croplands are washed out, and transportation comes to a halt．Hunger, disease, and death follow the wild waters.
Although given less publicity, the agricultural damage done by the many smaller, more frequent floods usually far exceeds the losses caused by the very grand ones．In the Central States, ditches and drains cause the flows from spring rains and melting snow to run far more rapidly than in the days before white men settled on the land．Once, excess spring flood waters emptied into lakes and swampy lands, there to be detained for slow release into stream and rivers．Now, systematic drainage has actually eliminated these natural reservoirs.
In the more rolling sections of the East, spring runoff was formerly absorbed and held temporarily in the porous soils beneath the unbroken expanse of forest．When large areas were converted to farm use, removal of the forest and the practice of up-and-down hill plowing deprived the soils of much of their ability to catch and store water.
The effects of eliminating the natural forest cover are shown in the gullied farm lands and widened stream channels found in some densely settled areas．Partly because the stream channels are more or less filled with material washed down from the uplands, and partly because storm runoff has increased, the channels are today no longer able to carry all the flow from heavy rains．This explains why the streams overtop banks far more often than in the days before settlement.
The best title for the selection would be_________.
A．River Rising! River Rising!
B．Forests and Floods
C．Flooding in the U．S.
D．The Results of Flooding


37、All of the following cause floods EXCEPT_________.
A．heavy rain
B．melting snow
C．increasing storm runoff
D．porous soil


38、The author states that_________.
A．lakes and swamps once acted like natural reservoirs
B．up-and-down hill plowing catches and stores water
C．stream channels are the best carriers of water
D．floods are easily prevented and controlled


39、According to the selection, streams overtop their banks partly because_________.
A．material from higher land is washed into them
B．ditches and drains lead into them
C．rivers become too swift
D．snow melts more rapidly nowadays


40、The floods which are given most publicity_________.
A．cause no damage
B．cause the most damage
C．cause less agricultural damage than the many smaller, more frequent floods
D．far exceed the smaller, more frequent floods in agricultural loss

41、回答41-55题：
Stress Level Tied to Education Level
People with less education suffer fewer stressful days, according to a report in the current issue of the Journal of Health and Social Behavior.
However, the study also found that when 1ess- educated people did suffer stress it was more severe and had a larger impact on their health.
From this, researchers have concluded that the day-to- day factors that cause stress are not random.Ⅵ r11ere you are in society determines the kinds of problems that you have each day, and how well you will cope with them.
The research team interviewed a national sample of 1.03 1 adults daily for eight days about their stress level and health.People without a high school diploma reported stress on 30 percent of the study days，people with a high school degree reported stress 38 percent of the time，and people with college degrees reported stress 44 percent of the time.
‘‘Less advantaged people are less healthy on a daily basis and are more likely to have downward turns in their health。’”lead researcher Dr.Joseph Grzywacz，of Wake Forest University Baptist Medical Center, said in a prepared statement.“The downward turns in health were connected with daily stressors.and the effect of daily stressors on their health is much more devastating for the less advantaged.”
Grzywacz suggested follow-up research to determine why less- educated people report fewer days of stress when it is known their stress is more acute and chronic.
“If something happens every day, maybe it’snot seen as a stressor”Grzywacz says.“Maybe it is just 1ife.”
Stress level is closely related to
A．family size.
B．social status.
C．body weight.
D．work experience.


42、The 1.03 1 adults were interviewed
A．on adaily basis for 8days.
B．during one of eight days.
C．all by Grzywacz.
D．in groups.


43、Which group reported the biggest number of stressful days?
A．People without any education.
B．People without high school degrees.
C．People with high school degrees.
D．People with college degrees.


44、The less advantaged people are，the greater
A．the impact of stress on their health is.
B．the effect of education on their health is
C．the level of their education is.
D．the degree of their health concern is.


45、Less—educated people report fewer days of stress possibly because
A．they don’t want to tell the truth.
B．they don’t want to face the truth.
C．stress is too common a factor in their life.
D．their stress is more acute.