2016年职称英语考试试题A级全真预测题(1)

　　2016年职称英语考试时间为3月26日，已经报名的考生请抓紧时间复习。233网校职称英语网为大家整理了职称英语考试资料，提供2016年职称英语考试试题A级全真预测题阅读理解资料，供大家在复习时参考。

　　下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题确定1个最佳选项。

　　31、根据材料，回答31-45题。

　　The Gene Industry

　　Major companies are already in pursuit of commercial applications of the new biology. They dream of placing enzymes(酶) in the automobile to monitor exhausts and send data on pollution to a microprocessor(微处理机) that will then adjust the engine. They speak of what the New York Times calls "metal-hungry microbes(渴望吃金属的微生物)that might be used to mine valuable trace metals from ocean water". They have already demanded and won the right to patent newlifeforms.

　　Nervous critics, including many scientists, worry that there is corporate, national, international, and inter-scientifiC.rivalry in the entire biotechnological(生物工艺学) field. They create images not of oil spills, but of "microbe spills'" that could spread disease and destroy entire populations. The creation and accidental release of extremely poisonous microbes, however, is only one cause for alarm. Completely rational and respectable scientists are talking about possibilities that stagger the imagination.

　　Should we breed people with cow-like stomachs so they can digest grass and hay, thereby relieving the fOod problem by modifying us to eat lower down on the food chain? Should we biologically alter workers to fit the joB.requirement, for example, creating pilots with faster reaction times or assembly-line workers designed to do our monotonous work for us? Should we attempt to eliminate "inferior" people and breed a "super-race"? (Hitler tried this, but without the genetiC.weaponry that may soon issue from our laboratories. ) Should we produce soldiers to do our fighting? Should we use genetiC.forecasting to pre-el!minate "unfit" babies? Should we grow reserve organs for ourselves, each of us having, as it were, a "savings bank" full of spare kidneys, livers or hands?

　　Wild as these notions may sound, every one has its advocates (and opposers) in the scientifiC.community as well as its striking commercial application. As two critics of genetiC.engineering,Jeremy Rifkin and Ted Howard, state in their book Who Should Play God? "Broad scale genetiC.engineering will probably be introduced to _America much the same way as assembly lines, auto-mobiles, vaccines, computers and all the other technologies.. As each new genetiC.advance becomes commercially practical, a new consumer need will be exploited and a market for the new technology will be created. "

　　According to the passage, the exhaust from a car engine could probably be checked by

　　A.using mtal-hungry microbes

　　B.making use of enzymes

　　C.adjusting the engine

　　D.patenting new lifeforms

　　32、 According to the passage, which of the following would worry the critics the most?

　　A.The unanticipated explosion of population.

　　B.The creation of biological solar cells.

　　C.The accidental spill of oil.

　　D.The unexpected release" of destructive microbes.

　　33、 Which of the following notions is NOT mentioned?

　　A.Developing a "gavings bank" of one's organs.

　　B.Breeding soldiers for a war.

　　C.Prodqcing people with cow-like stomachs.

　　D.Using genetiC.forecasting to cure diseases.

　　34、 According to the passage, Hitler attempted to

　　A.changed the pilots biologically to win the war

　　B.develop genetiC.farming for foodsu.ppiy

　　C.kill the people he thought ofas inferior

　　D.encourage the development of genetiC.weapons for the war

　　35、 What dose Jeremy Rifkin and Ted Howard's statement imply?

　　A.The commercial applications of genetiC.engineering are inewtable.

　　B.America will depend on other countries for biological progress.

　　C.Americans are proud of their computers, automobiles and genetiC.technologies.

　　D.The potential application of each new genetiC.advance should be controlled.

　　36、根据材料，回答36-50题。

　　Tightened Visa Regulations

　　According to South Korea's new visa regulations, native speakers of English in South Koreawill be required to undergo criminal record checks, medical and drug tests, provide sealed aca-demic transcripts (成绩单)and have their university diplomas inspected, The Korea Times hasre ported. The tightened regulations will affect an estimated 17,000 foreigners that hold E-2 visas specifically for foreign language teachers.

　　The most controversial requirement is that English teachers residing (居住) outside South Korea will have to have an interview at a South Korean Embassy before taking up their teaching posts. For applicants living in remote areas in Canada, Australia or the US, this is an additional travel burden. Meanwhile, foreign teachers currently living in South Korea must leave the country after their one-year contracts and renew their visas by visiting a neighboring country and return

　　without additional documentation (文件证据).

　　The visa changes are a reaction to public concern about the suitability of some foreign teachers. A report from the South Korean Ministry of Education and Human Resources Development shows between 2001 and August of this year, 1,481 foreign language teachers have been caught for a range of offenses including forged (伪造的) degrees, visa violations and general lawbreaking.

　　But the changes are likely to slow up the supply of teachers to South Korea's English language education sector. According to Michael Duffy, manager of a teacher placement service in South Korea, applicants have to spend a few hundred dollars and several months on getting affidavits (书面陈述书) for documents. "South Korea has put up too many hoops (圈) to jump through," he said, adding that foreigners would seek work elsewhere. Most foreigners wonder if the experiencd of working in South Korea will be worth the burden of the paper work and increashag restrictions. "I don't think (South) Korea bas thought this through. " Said Scott Mclnnis, a Canadian teacher based in Incheon near Seoul. "This is a reactionary move by the government that

　　will have strong implications for the EFL community. "

　　As part of the efforts to ease the discontent ( 不满), the South Korean Ministry of Justice has granted a three-month grace period for current E-2 visa holders to prepare the necessary documents.

　　Which of the following is NOT required of an E-2 visa applicant?

　　A.To pass a Korean language test.

　　B.To undergo a medical test.

　　C.To provide sealed school reports.

　　D.To undergo a drug test.

　　37、 It can be inferred from paragraph 2 that before the visa regulations were revised, foreign teachers have to

　　A.sign new contrarts if they Wanted to continue to work

　　B.go through any formalities if they wanted to stay a bit longer

　　C.visit a neighboring country if they wanted to renew their visas

　　D.interview a South Korean official if they wanted to apply for work permits

　　38、 The list of crimes many foreign language teachers committed between 2001 and August of this year did NOT include

　　A.visa violations

　　B.forged degrees

　　C.subversive activities

　　D.general lawbreaking

　　39、 The new visa policy aims at

　　A.protecting South Korea from terrorist at tackS.

　　B.improving foreign language teaching in South Korea.

　　C.providing more job opportunities for the South Korean people.

　　D.encouraging the South Korean people to learn the Chinese language.

　　40、 EFL in paragraph 4 is an abbreviation of

　　A.easily forgotten lovers

　　B.extremely fussy lawyers

　　C.exceptionally fast learners

　　D.English as a foreign language

　　41、根据材料，回答41-55题。

　　"Salty" Rice Plant Boosts Harvests

　　British scientists are breeding a new generation of rice plants that will be able to grow in soil containing salt water. Their work may enable abandoned farms to become productive once more.

　　Tim Flowers and Tony Yeo, from Sussex University's School of Biological Sciences, have spent several years researching how crops, such as rice, could be made to grow in water that has become salty.

　　The pair have recently begun a three-year programme, funded by the Biotechnology and Bio logical Sciences Research Council, to establish which genes enable some plants to survive salty

　　conditions. The aim is to breed this capability into crops, starting with rice.

　　It is estimated that each year more than 10m hectares (公顷) of agricultural land are lost because salt gets into the soil and stunts (妨碍生长)plants. The problem is caused by several

　　factors. In the tropics, mangroves (红树林) that create swamps (沼泽) and traditionally formed barriers to sea water have been cut down. In the Mediterranean, a series of droughts have caused the water table to drop, allowing sea water to seep (渗透) in. In Latin America, irrigation often causes problems when water is evaporated (蒸发) by the heat, leaving salt deposits behind.

　　Excess salt then enters the plants and prevents them functioning normally. Heavy concentra-tions of minerals in the plants stop them drawing up the water they need to survive.

　　To overcome these problems, Flowers and Yeo decided to breed rice plants that take in very little salt and store what they do absorB.in cells that do not affect the plants' growth. They have started to breed .these characteristics into a new rice crop, but it will take about eight harvests before the resulting seeds are ready to be considered for commercial use.

　　Once the characteristics for surviving salty soil are known, Flowers and Yeo will try to breed the appropriate genes into all manners of crops and plants. Land that has been abandoned to nature will then be able to bloom again, providing much needed food in the poorer countries of the world.

　　Which of the following statements about Flowers and Yeo is true?

　　A.They are students at Sussex University.

　　B.They are rice breeders.

　　C.They are husband and wife.

　　D.They are colleagues'at an institution of higher learning.

　　42、 Flowers and Yeo have started a program

　　A.to find ways to prevent water pollution

　　B.to identify genes that promote growth in salty soil

　　C.to breed rice plants that taste salty

　　D.to find ways to remove excessive salt from soil

　　43、 Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a cause of the problem discussed in the passage?

　　A.Natural barriers to sea water have been destroyed.

　　B.The water table has gone down .after droughts.

　　C.Sea level has been continuously rising.

　　D.Evaporation of water leaves salt behind.

　　44、 The word "affect" in Paragraph 6 could be best replaced by

　　A."influence"

　　B. "effect"

　　C. "stop"

　　D."present"

　　45、 The attitude of the author towards the research project is

　　A.positive

　　B.negative

　　C.suspicious

　　D.indifferent